Instructions for Review authors

Manuscript preparation

• Length. Maximum: 5,000 words, excluding the Abstract, Manuscript information, References, and Figure legends.
• Organization. Present the manuscript in the following consecutive sections: Title page, Abstract, Main text, Manuscript information, References, Figure legends, Tables.
• Style. In general, authors should follow the AMA Manual of Style (AMA) for scientific/medical usage, as well as Stedman’s Medical Dictionary and the Chicago Manual of Style.
  • Demographic terminology. Adhere to NIH guidelines or other applicable authoritative standards on reporting race and ethnicity; and use clear, unbiased, and up-to-date descriptors for any demographic identities.
  • Gene terminology. Style gene names and symbols according to official NCBI Gene nomenclature and present the terms according to JCI Gene nomenclature and style.
  • Abbreviations. JCI Standard abbreviations may be used without definition. Nonstandard abbreviations should be spelled out at first use, with the abbreviated form following in parentheses. Thereafter, they may be used without definition. Abbreviations used only in figures should be defined in the accompanying legend.

Main text

• Authors/affiliations
  • On the title page, provide complete names of all authors in the appropriate order. In the author list, use consecutive, superscripted numerals to assign authors to their affiliations. Affiliations should include complete location: city, state/province (if applicable), and country.
• Abstract
  • (Maximum: 200 words) Articles should include a short Abstract without references.
• Subheadings
  • (Maximum: 8 words) Subheadings may be used throughout the main text.
• Manuscript information
  • AI disclosure. Use of generative AI technology for written or visual content must be explicitly described, including the writing and organization of the manuscript, reference curation, and figure drafts. The disclosure should specify the task performed, the name and version of the AI tool, and the date or range of dates of use. Authors are responsible for verifying the accuracy of AI-generated content.
    • The initial draft of Figure 1 was created in BioRender with AI-assisted layout suggestions (October 1, 2026).
    • The authors used Microsoft Copilot in Edge to translate text from French to English in the section titled “Other implicated genes” (October 1, 2026).
    • The authors used Claude Sonnet 4.6 (Anthropic) to improve readability and flow (October 1, 2026).
  • Conflicts of interest. Include a statement detailing any financial arrangements that could present a conflict of interest (view Journal policy). If no conflict exists, state “The authors have [or The author has] declared that no conflict of interest exists.”
  • Funding. List any sources of funding support for the current work, including, as appropriate, the grant name and number, funder, and recipient.
  • Acknowledgments. Authors may include appropriate acknowledgments to others for help and advice.
  • Address for correspondence. Complete name as well as mailing and email addresses of the responsible party/corresponding author.
• References and reference citations
  • References (Maximum: 200). The Reference list should include references in the order in which they are first cited in the text. For details and examples, see How to prepare references for additional details.
    • Journal articles
      Han CY, et al. NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species increases expression of monocyte chemotactic factor genes in cultured adipocytes. J Biol Chem. 2012;287(13):10379–10393.
    • Articles in press
      Gardner W, Schultz HD. Prostaglandins regulate the synthesis and secretion of the atrial natriuretic peptide. J Clin Invest. In press.
    • Complete books
      Ellis RW, Brodeur BR, eds. Bacterial Vaccines. Landes Bioscience; 2003.
    • Articles in books
      Jacobsen D. Practical chemistry of homocysteine and other thiols. In: Carmel R, Jacobsen D, eds. Homocysteine in Health and Disease. Cambridge University Press; 2001:9–20.
    • Websites
      National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Asthma Risk Factors and Prevention Research.  http://stemcells.nih.gov/policy/2009guidelines. Updated April 5, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2021.
  • Citations. References are cited in the text by sequential numerals in parentheses preceded by a space, e.g., “as described previously (1, 2)”; “several research groups (4–10) have found.” Do not use superscript, boldface, italics, etc. Unpublished data, manuscripts in preparation/under review, and personal communications are cited parenthetically in the text, not as numbered references; e.g., “(Jane L. Doe, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA, unpublished observations).” Note: Provide written permission to cite unpublished observations by individuals external to the author’s research team (email is sufficient).  
  • Ongoing clinical trials may be cited in the text, with the trial registration number appearing in parentheses.
• Figures and tables
  • Callouts. Figures and tables are called out in numerical order. “Figure,” “Table,” “Supplemental Figure,” “Supplemental Table,” etc., are spelled out. Callouts appear in parentheses (no boldface or italics) preceded by a space, unless grammatically part of the sentence: “the levels increased (Figure 5A)”; “data shown in Table 2.” Parts are called out as, e.g., “Figure 1A”, “Figure 2, A and B”, “Figure 3, B–D.”
  • Figures. (Maximum: 4) Inclusion of original artwork is highly encouraged, particularly figures that illustrate specific points or provide a clear graphic overview of a difficult concept. Reproduction of previously published primary data is discouraged, and unpublished primary data and novel meta-analyses may not be included. At the time of submission, figures should be satisfactorily clear for peer review. Ensure that each figure fits on a single page, and use consecutive capital letters to indicate figure parts (A, B, C, etc.). Upon acceptance of the manuscript, editors work with the authors to develop final figures, and a Journal illustrator redraws all figures prior to publication.
  • Figure legends. (Legend maximum: 300 words) Each legend should begin with a brief, stand-alone title. Provide sufficient detail in the legend to make the figure intelligible without reference to the main text; define any symbols.
  • Tables. (Maximum: 5) Tables should be self-contained and self-explanatory, without subsections or subparts. Each must have a brief title and fit on a single page; text should be in 8 point font and presented in Microsoft Word format. Assign footnotes by use of superscripted capital letters starting with A and continuing in alphabetical order by row, then column..