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Platelet-RBC interaction mediated by FasL/FasR induces procoagulant activity important for thrombosis
Christoph Klatt, … , Malte Kelm, Margitta Elvers
Christoph Klatt, … , Malte Kelm, Margitta Elvers
Published June 28, 2018
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2018;128(9):3906-3925. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI92077.
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Research Article Cell biology Vascular biology Article has an altmetric score of 13

Platelet-RBC interaction mediated by FasL/FasR induces procoagulant activity important for thrombosis

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Abstract

Red blood cells (RBCs) influence rheology, and release ADP, ATP, and nitric oxide, suggesting a role for RBCs in hemostasis and thrombosis. Here, we provide evidence for a significant contribution of RBCs to thrombus formation. Anemic mice showed enhanced occlusion times upon injury of the carotid artery. A small population of RBCs was located to platelet thrombi and enhanced platelet activation by a direct cell contact via the FasL/FasR (CD95) pathway known to induce apoptosis. Activation of platelets in the presence of RBCs led to platelet FasL exposure that activated FasR on RBCs responsible for externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the RBC membrane. Inhibition or genetic deletion of either FasL or FasR resulted in reduced PS exposure of RBCs and platelets, decreased thrombin generation, and reduced thrombus formation in vitro and protection against arterial thrombosis in vivo. Direct cell contacts between platelets and RBCs via FasL/FasR were shown after ligation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and in surgical specimens of patients after thrombectomy. In a flow restriction model of the IVC, reduced thrombus formation was observed in FasL–/– mice. Taken together, our data reveal a significant contribution of RBCs to thrombosis by the FasL/FasR pathway.

Authors

Christoph Klatt, Irena Krüger, Saskia Zey, Kim-Jürgen Krott, Martina Spelleken, Nina Sarah Gowert, Alexander Oberhuber, Lena Pfaff, Wiebke Lückstädt, Kerstin Jurk, Martin Schaller, Hadi Al-Hasani, Jürgen Schrader, Steffen Massberg, Konstantin Stark, Hubert Schelzig, Malte Kelm, Margitta Elvers

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Figure 10

Genetic deletion of FasR and FasL reduces PS exposure and thrombus formation in vivo.

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Genetic deletion of FasR and FasL reduces PS exposure and thrombus forma...
(A–E) FeCl3-induced injury of mesenteric arterioles in WT, FasR–/–, or FasL–/– mice (n = 5–9/group). Beginning of thrombus formation (A), time to irreversible occlusion (B), representative intravital microscopy images (C), percentage of mice with no occlusion (D) (WT vs. FasR–/–: P = 0.0002; WT vs. FasL–/–: P = 0.0011), and thrombus size (E) are shown. The break-off was set at 40 minutes after vessel injury when no occlusion occurred. (F–H) FeCl3-induced injury of mesenteric arterioles in PF4-Cre+ FasLfl/fl mice. PF4-Cre– FasLfl/fl mice served as controls. (F) Beginning of thrombus formation, (G) time to irreversible occlusion, and percentage of mice with no occlusion (H, P = 0.003) are shown (n = 8/group). (I–K) Platelet-RBC interactions after ligation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) were analyzed by intravital epifluorescence microscopy. Mice received murine platelets from C57BL/6 or FasL–/– mice labeled with rhodamine B and murine RBCs from C57BL/6 or FasR–/– mice labeled with DCF. (I) Number of platelet-RBC interactions per second (WT vs. FasR–/– RBCs: P = 0.008; WT vs. FasL–/– platelets: P = 0.072). (J) Cell interaction was quantified (90 minutes: WT vs. FasR–/– RBCs: P = 0.003; WT vs. FasL–/– platelets: P = 0.0163). (K) Representative images of platelet-RBC interactions in WT mice 60 minutes after IVC ligation (n = 4). Scale bar: 10 μm. (L and M) Venous thrombus formation was investigated in a flow restriction model of the IVC and thrombus weight was determined: (L) IgG vs. FasR antibody–treated mice (P = 0.2814); (M) FasL–/– compared with WT mice (P = 0.0446). (N) Tail bleeding times were determined (n = 6/group). Data are the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 by Student’s t test (F, G, and M), 1-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple-comparisons test (A, B, I, J, and N), log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test (D and H), or 2-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple-comparisons test (E).

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