Pancreatic β cell dysfunction is pathognomonic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is driven by environmental and genetic factors. β cell responses to glucose and to incretins such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are altered in the disease state. While rodent β cells act as a coordinated syncytium to drive insulin release, this property is unexplored in human islets. In situ imaging approaches were therefore used to monitor in real time the islet dynamics underlying hormone release. We found that GLP-1 and GIP recruit a highly coordinated subnetwork of β cells that are targeted by lipotoxicity to suppress insulin secretion. Donor BMI was negatively correlated with subpopulation responses to GLP-1, suggesting that this action of incretin contributes to functional β cell mass in vivo. Conversely, exposure of mice to a high-fat diet unveiled a role for incretin in maintaining coordinated islet activity, supporting the existence of species-specific strategies to maintain normoglycemia. These findings demonstrate that β cell connectedness is an inherent property of human islets that is likely to influence incretin-potentiated insulin secretion and may be perturbed by diabetogenic insults to disrupt glucose homeostasis in humans.
David J. Hodson, Ryan K. Mitchell, Elisa A. Bellomo, Gao Sun, Laurent Vinet, Paolo Meda, Daliang Li, Wen-Hong Li, Marco Bugliani, Piero Marchetti, Domenico Bosco, Lorenzo Piemonti, Paul Johnson, Stephen J. Hughes, Guy A. Rutter
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NL Farnsworth, R Walter, RA Piscopio, WE Schleicher, RK Benninger |
The Journal of Physiology | 2018 |
The Impact of Pancreatic Beta Cell Heterogeneity on Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis
RK Benninger, C Dorrell, DJ Hodson, GA Rutter |
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Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) | 2015 |
Low Level Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Decrease Connexin36 Gap Junction Coupling in Mouse and Human Islets through Nitric Oxide-mediated Protein Kinase Cδ
NL Farnsworth, RL Walter, A Hemmati, MJ Westacott, RK Benninger |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 2015 |
Limited impact on glucose homeostasis of leptin receptor deletion from insulin- or proglucagon-expressing cells
H Soedling, DJ Hodson, AE Adrianssens, FM Gribble, F Reimann, S Trapp, GA Rutter |
Molecular Metabolism | 2015 |
Loss of Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) in Beta Cells Enhances Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion Despite Profound Mitochondrial Defects
A Swisa, Z Granot, N Tamarina, S Sayers, N Bardeesy, L Philipson, DJ Hodson, JD Wikstrom, GA Rutter, G Leibowitz, B Glaser, Y Dor |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 2015 |
The Beta Cell in Its Cluster: Stochastic Graphs of Beta Cell Connectivity in the Islets of Langerhans
DA Striegel, M Hara, V Periwal, MG Pedersen |
PLoS computational biology | 2015 |
Genetic Targeting of a Small Fluorescent Zinc Indicator to Cell Surface for Monitoring Zinc Secretion
D Li, L Liu, WH Li |
ACS chemical biology | 2015 |
Progressive glucose stimulation of islet beta cells reveals a transition from segregated to integrated modular functional connectivity patterns
R Markovič, A Stožer, M Gosak, J Dolenšek, M Marhl, MS Rupnik |
Scientific Reports | 2015 |
Testing Pancreatic Islet Function at the Single Cell Level by Calcium Influx with Associated Marker Expression
JH Kenty, DA Melton, V Sanchez-Margalet |
PloS one | 2015 |
The past 10 years—new hormones, new functions, new endocrine organs
R Bouillon, DJ Drucker, E Ferrannini, S Grinspoon, CJ Rosen, P Zimmet |
Nature Reviews Endocrinology | 2015 |
Optical Control of Insulin Secretion Using an Incretin Switch
J Broichhagen, T Podewin, H Meyer-Berg, Y von Ohlen, NR Johnston, BJ Jones, SR Bloom, GA Rutter, A Hoffmann-Röder, DJ Hodson, D Trauner |
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) | 2015 |
Rfx6 Maintains the Functional Identity of Adult Pancreatic β Cells
J Piccand, P Strasser, DJ Hodson, A Meunier, T Ye, C Keime, MC Birling, GA Rutter, G Gradwohl |
Cell Reports | 2014 |
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The liver disease of our age?
G Firneisz |
World journal of gastroenterology : WJG | 2014 |
Beta cell connectivity in pancreatic islets: a type 2 diabetes target?
GA Rutter, DJ Hodson |
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences | 2014 |
Selective disruption of Tcf7l2 in the pancreatic cell impairs secretory function and lowers cell mass
RK Mitchell, A Mondragon, L Chen, JA Mcginty, PM French, J Ferrer, B Thorens, DJ Hodson, GA Rutter, GD Xavier |
Human Molecular Genetics | 2014 |
Role of MicroRNAs in Islet Beta-Cell Compensation and Failure during Diabetes
V Plaisance, G Waeber, R Regazzi, A Abderrahmani |
Journal of Diabetes Research | 2014 |
Cellular communication and heterogeneity in pancreatic islet insulin secretion dynamics
RK Benninger, DW Piston |
Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism | 2014 |
New insights into the role of connexins in pancreatic islet function and diabetes
NL Farnsworth, RK Benninger |
FEBS Letters | 2014 |
Lipotoxicity in the Pancreatic Beta Cell: Not Just Survival and Function, but Proliferation as Well?
RB Sharma, LC Alonso |
Current Diabetes Reports | 2014 |
Optical control of insulin release using a photoswitchable sulfonylurea
J Broichhagen, M Schönberger, SC Cork, JA Frank, P Marchetti, M Bugliani, AM Shapiro, S Trapp, GA Rutter, DJ Hodson, D Trauner |
Nature Communications | 2014 |
ADCY5 Couples Glucose to Insulin Secretion in Human Islets
DJ Hodson, RK Mitchell, L Marselli, TJ Pullen, SG Brias, F Semplici, KL Everett, DM Cooper, M Bugliani, P Marchetti, V Lavallard, D Bosco, L Piemonti, PR Johnson, SJ Hughes, D Li, WH Li, AM Shapiro, GA Rutter |
Diabetes | 2014 |
JNK3 is required for the cytoprotective effect of exendin 4
H Ezanno, V Pawlowski, S Abdelli, R Boutry, V Gmyr, J Kerr-Conte, C Bonny, F Pattou, A Abderrahmani |
Journal of Diabetes Research | 2014 |
Incretin action on bone: An added benefit?
RC Ma, G Xu |
Journal of Diabetes Investigation | 2014 |
Phase Transitions in the Multi-cellular Regulatory Behavior of Pancreatic Islet Excitability
TH Hraha, MJ Westacott, M Pozzoli, AM Notary, PM McClatchey, RK Benninger |
PLoS computational biology | 2014 |
Intrinsic Islet Heterogeneity and Gap Junction Coupling Determine Spatiotemporal Ca2+ Wave Dynamics
RK Benninger, T Hutchens, WS Head, MJ McCaughey, M Zhang, SJ Le Marchand, LS Satin, DW Piston |
Biophysical Journal | 2014 |
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching reveals regulation and distribution of connexin36 gap junction coupling within mouse islets of Langerhans: Analysis of connexin36 gap junction coupling
NL Farnsworth, A Hemmati, M Pozzoli, RK Benninger |
The Journal of Physiology | 2014 |
Incretin-Modulated Beta Cell Energetics in Intact Islets of Langerhans
DJ Hodson, AI Tarasov, SG Brias, RK Mitchell, NR Johnston, S Haghollahi, MC Cane, M Bugliani, P Marchetti, D Bosco, PR Johnson, SJ Hughes, GA Rutter |
Molecular Endocrinology | 2014 |
Minireview: Intraislet Regulation of Insulin Secretion in Humans
GA Rutter, DJ Hodson |
Molecular Endocrinology | 2013 |
Comprehensive Physiology
R Terjung |
Comprehensive Physiology | 2011 |