There is widespread aberrant expression of mature and/or precursor microRNAs in cancer cells, as microRNAs are deregulated consequent to chromosomal alterations and other genomic abnormalities. The identification of such abnormalities has a clear diagnostic and prognostic significance, and there are ever increasing examples of links between certain human cancers and modifications at microRNA loci.
George A. Calin, Carlo M. Croce
Principles of miRNA-based gene therapy and in vivo inhibition of miRNA in cancer cells.