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Ruben Nogueiras, … , Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud, Matthias H. Tschöp
Published September 20, 2007
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2007;117(11):3475-3488. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI31743.
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2007;117(11):3475-3488. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI31743.
Abstract
Disruptions of the melanocortin signaling system have been linked to obesity. We investigated a possible role of the central nervous melanocortin system (CNS-Mcr) in the control of adiposity through effects on nutrient partitioning and cellular lipid metabolism independent of nutrient intake. We report that pharmacological inhibition of melanocortin receptors (Mcr) in rats and genetic disruption of Mc4r in mice directly and potently promoted lipid uptake, triglyceride synthesis, and fat accumulation in white adipose tissue (WAT), while increased CNS-Mcr signaling triggered lipid mobilization. These effects were independent of food intake and preceded changes in adiposity. In addition, decreased CNS-Mcr signaling promoted increased insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in WAT while decreasing glucose utilization in muscle and brown adipose tissue. Such CNS control of peripheral nutrient partitioning depended on sympathetic nervous system function and was enhanced by synergistic effects on liver triglyceride synthesis. Our findings offer an explanation for enhanced adiposity resulting from decreased melanocortin signaling, even in the absence of hyperphagia, and are consistent with feeding-independent changes in substrate utilization as reflected by respiratory quotient, which is increased with chronic Mcr blockade in rodents and in humans with loss-of-function mutations in MC4R. We also reveal molecular underpinnings for direct control of the CNS-Mcr over lipid metabolism. These results suggest ways to design more efficient pharmacological methods for controlling adiposity.
Authors
Ruben Nogueiras, Petra Wiedmer, Diego Perez-Tilve, Christelle Veyrat-Durebex, Julia M. Keogh, Gregory M. Sutton, Paul T. Pfluger, Tamara R. Castaneda, Susanne Neschen, Susanna M. Hofmann, Philip N. Howles, Donald A. Morgan, Stephen C. Benoit, Ildiko Szanto, Brigitte Schrott, Annette Schürmann, Hans-Georg Joost, Craig Hammond, David Y. Hui, Stephen C. Woods, Kamal Rahmouni, Andrew A. Butler, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Stephen O’Rahilly, Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud, Matthias H. Tschöp
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Citation information
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Unravelling the mysterious roles of melanocortin-3 receptors in metabolic homeostasis and obesity using mouse genetics
C Girardet, K Begriche, A Ptitsyn, RA Koza, AA Butler |
International Journal of Obesity Supplements | 2014 |
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Neural innervation of white adipose tissue and the control of lipolysis
TJ Bartness, Y Liu, YB Shrestha, V Ryu |
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology | 2014 |
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Ghrelin promotes hepatic lipogenesis by activation of mTOR-PPAR signaling pathway
Z Li, G Xu, Y Qin, C Zhang, H Tang, Y Yin, X Xiang, Y Li, J Zhao, M Mulholland, W Zhang |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2014 |
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Hypothalamic KLF4 mediates leptin's effects on food intake via AgRP
M Imbernon, E Sanchez-Rebordelo, R Gallego, M Gandara, P Lear, M Lopez, C Dieguez, R Nogueiras |
Molecular Metabolism | 2014 |
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Molecular and cellular regulation of hypothalamic melanocortin neurons controlling food intake and energy metabolism
M Koch, TL Horvath |
Molecular Psychiatry | 2014 |
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The metabolic changes in rats immunized with BSA conjugate of peptides derived from the N-terminal region of type 4 melanocortin receptor
KV Derkach, EA Shpakova, OA Zharova, AO Shpakov |
Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics | 2014 |
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Leanness and heightened nonresting energy expenditure: role of skeletal muscle activity thermogenesis
CK Gavini, S Mukherjee, C Shukla, SL Britton, LG Koch, H Shi, CM Novak |
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism | 2014 |
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Inhibition of the central melanocortin system decreases brown adipose tissue activity
S Kooijman, MR Boon, ET Parlevliet, JJ Geerling, V de Pol, JA Romijn, LM Havekes, I Meurs, PC Rensen |
Journal of lipid research | 2014 |
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Coordinated regulation of hepatic energy stores by leptin and hypothalamic agouti-related protein
JP Warne, JM Varonin, SS Nielsen, LE Olofsson, CB Kaelin, S Chua, GS Barsh, SK Koliwad, AW Xu |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2013 |
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GABA Type B Receptor Signaling in Proopiomelanocortin Neurons Protects Against Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Hypothalamic Inflammation in Male Mice on a High-Fat Diet
Y Ito, R Banno, M Shibata, K Adachi, S Hagimoto, D Hagiwara, Y Ozawa, M Goto, H Suga, Y Sugimura, B Bettler, Y Oiso, H Arima |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2013 |
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Neural melanocortin receptors in obesity and related metabolic disorders
C Girardet, AA Butler |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease | 2013 |
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Discrete melanocortin-sensitive neuroanatomical pathway linking the ventral premmamillary nucleus to the paraventricular hypothalamus
L Gautron, RM Cravo, JK Elmquist, CF Elias |
Neuroscience | 2013 |
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The Functional State of Hormone-Sensitive Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling System in Diabetes Mellitus
AO Shpakov, KV Derkach |
Journal of Signal Transduction | 2013 |
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Hepatic crown-like structure: a unique histological feature in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice and humans
M Itoh, H Kato, T Suganami, K Konuma, Y Marumoto, S Terai, H Sakugawa, S Kanai, M Hamaguchi, T Fukaishi, S Aoe, K Akiyoshi, Y Komohara, M Takeya, I Sakaida, Y Ogawa |
PloS one | 2013 |
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Insulin and glucagon signaling in the central nervous system
BM Filippi, MA Abraham, JT Yue, TK Lam |
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders | 2013 |
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Sympathetic nervous system control of triglyceride metabolism: novel concepts derived from recent studies
JJ Geerling, MR Boon, S Kooijman, ET Parlevliet, LM Havekes, JA Romijn, IM Meurs, PC Rensen |
Journal of lipid research | 2013 |
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Pmch-deficiency in rats is associated with normal adipocyte differentiation and lower sympathetic adipose drive
JD Mul, E O'Duibhir, YB Shrestha, A Koppen, P Vargoviç, PW Toonen, E Zarebidaki, R Kvetnansky, E Kalkhoven, E Cuppen, TJ Bartness |
PloS one | 2013 |
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Hypothalamic κ-Opioid Receptor Modulates the Orexigenic Effect of Ghrelin
A Romero-Picó, MJ Vázquez, D González-Touceda, C Folgueira, KP Skibicka, M Alvarez-Crespo, MA van Gestel, DA Velásquez, C Schwarzer, H Herzog, M López, RA Adan, SL Dickson, C Diéguez, R Nogueiras |
Neuropsychopharmacology | 2013 |
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Genetic and epigenetic control of metabolic health
RW Schwenk, H Vogel, A Schürmann |
Molecular Metabolism | 2013 |
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Genetic variation at NCAN locus is associated with inflammation and fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in morbid obesity
A Gorden, R Yang, LM Yerges-Armstrong, KA Ryan, E Speliotes, IB Borecki, TB Harris, X Chu, GC Wood, CD Still, AR Shuldiner, GS Gerhard, |
Human Heredity | 2013 |
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Variation at the melanocortin 4 receptor gene and response to weight-loss interventions in the diabetes prevention program
Q Pan, LM Delahanty, KA Jablonski, WC Knowler, SE Kahn, JC Florez, PW Franks, |
Obesity | 2013 |
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Melatonin and Peripheral Circuitries: Insights on Appetite and Metabolism in Danio Rerio
CC Piccinetti, B Migliarini, I Olivotto, MP Simoniello, E Giorgini, O Carnevali |
Zebrafish | 2013 |
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Melanocortin-3 Receptors and Metabolic Homeostasis
Begriche K, Girardet C, McDonald P, Butler AA |
Progress in molecular biology and translational science | 2013 |
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Direct leptin action on POMC neurons regulates hepatic insulin sensitivity in mice
Eric Berglund, Claudia Vianna, Jose Donato, Mi Kim, Jen-Chieh Chuang, charlotte lee, Danielle Lauzon, Peagan Lin, Laura Brule, Michael Scott, Roberto Coppari, Joel Elmquist |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2012 |
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Loss of autophagy in hypothalamic POMC neurons impairs lipolysis
S Kaushik, E Arias, H Kwon, NM Lopez, D Athonvarangkul, S Sahu, GJ Schwartz, JE Pessin, R Singh |
EMBO reports | 2012 |
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Heparanase Affects Food Intake and Regulates Energy Balance in Mice
L Karlsson-Lindahl, L Schmidt, D Haage, C Hansson, M Taube, E Egeciouglu, Y Tan, T Admyre, JO Jansson, I Vlodavsky, JP Li, U Lindahl, SL Dickson |
PloS one | 2012 |
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Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) controls hepatic VLDL-triglyceride secretion in rats via the sympathetic nervous system
E Bruinstroop, L Pei, MT Ackermans, E Foppen, AJ Borgers, J Kwakkel, A Alkemade, E Fliers, A Kalsbeek |
Diabetes | 2012 |
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Chronic Treatment With a Melanocortin-4 Receptor Agonist Causes Weight Loss, Reduces Insulin Resistance, and Improves Cardiovascular Function in Diet-Induced Obese Rhesus Macaques
P Kievit, H Halem, DL Marks, JZ Dong, MM Glavas, P Sinnayah, L Pranger, MA Cowley, KL Grove, MD Culler |
Diabetes | 2012 |
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Melanocortin-4 receptor signaling is required for weight loss after gastric bypass surgery
IJ Hatoum, N Stylopoulos, AM Vanhoose, KL Boyd, DP Yin, KL Ellacott, LL Ma, K Blaszczyk, JM Keogh, RD Cone, IS Farooqi, LM Kaplan |
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism | 2012 |
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Central Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Influences Liver and Adipose Metabolism Via Specific Hypothalamic Nuclei and Efferent Autonomic/JNK1 Pathways
M Imbernon, D Beiroa, MJ Vázquez, DA Morgan, C Veyrat–Durebex, B Porteiro, A Díaz–Arteaga, A Senra, S Busquets, DA Velásquez, O Al–Massadi, L Varela, M Gándara, FJ López–Soriano, R Gallego, LM Seoane, JM Argiles, M López, RJ Davis, G Sabio, F Rohner–Jeanrenaud, K Rahmouni, C Dieguez, R Nogueiras |
Gastroenterology | 2012 |
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Regulation of Lean Mass, Bone Mass, and Exercise Tolerance by the Central Melanocortin System
TP Braun, B Orwoll, X Zhu, PR Levasseur, M Szumowski, ML Nguyen, ML Bouxsein, RF Klein, DL Marks |
PloS one | 2012 |
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Melanocortin-3 receptor regulates the normal fasting response
BJ Renquist, JG Murphy, EA Larson, D Olsen, RF Klein, KL Ellacott, RD Cone |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2012 |
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Gsα Deficiency in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus Partially Contributes to Obesity Associated with Gsα Mutations
M Chen, A Berger, A Kablan, J Zhang, O Gavrilova, LS Weinstein |
Endocrinology | 2012 |
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Postnatal Changes in the Expression Pattern of the Imprinted Signalling Protein XLαs Underlie the Changing Phenotype of Deficient Mice
SO Krechowec, KL Burton, AU Newlaczyl, N Nunn, N Vlatković, A Plagge |
PloS one | 2012 |
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Defining Clinical Leptin Resistance - Challenges and Opportunities
MG Myers, SB Heymsfield, C Haft, BB Kahn, M Laughlin, RL Leibel, MH Tschöp, JA Yanovski |
Cell Metabolism | 2012 |
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TXNIP in Agrp neurons regulates adiposity, energy expenditure, and central leptin sensitivity
C Blouet, SM Liu, YH Jo, S Chua, GJ Schwartz |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2012 |
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Nicotine Induces Negative Energy Balance Through Hypothalamic AMP-Activated Protein Kinase
PB de Morentin, AJ Whittle, J Ferno, R Nogueiras, C Dieguez, A Vidal-Puig, M Lopez |
Diabetes | 2012 |
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Metabolic Transceivers: In-tune with the Central Melanocortin System
JP Warne, AW Xu |
Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM | 2012 |
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Hypothalamic AgRP-neurons control peripheral substrate utilization and nutrient partitioning
A Joly-Amado, RG Denis, J Castel, A Lacombe, C Cansell, C Rouch, N Kassis, J Dairou, PD Cani, R Ventura-Clapier, A Prola, M Flamment, F Foufelle, C Magnan, S Luquet |
The EMBO Journal | 2012 |
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A Common variant near the melanocortin 4 receptor is associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol in the Chinese Han population
L Tao, Z Zhang, Z Chen, D Zhou, W Li, M Kan, D Zhang, L He, G Huang, Y Liu |
Molecular Biology Reports | 2012 |
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Impact of leucine on energy balance
L McAllan, PD Cotter, HM Roche, R Korpela, KN Nilaweera |
Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry | 2012 |
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Neuroanatomical determinants of the sympathetic nerve responses evoked by leptin
SM Harlan, K Rahmouni |
Clinical Autonomic Research | 2012 |
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AgRP neurons: a switch between peripheral carbohydrate and lipid utilization
L Varela, TL Horvath |
The EMBO Journal | 2012 |
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Melanocortin-4 receptor expression in different classes of spinal and vagal primary afferent neurons in the mouse
L Gautron, CE Lee, S Lee, JK Elmquist |
The Journal of Comparative Neurology | 2012 |
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Central nervous system neuropeptide Y signaling via the Y1 receptor partially dissociates feeding behavior from lipoprotein metabolism in lean rats
JM Rojas, JM Stafford, S Saadat, RL Printz, AG Beck-Sickinger, KD Niswender |
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism | 2012 |
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High-fat-diet-induced obesity causes an inflammatory and tumor-promoting microenvironment in the rat kidney
K Stemmer, D Perez-Tilve, G Ananthakrishnan, A Bort, RJ Seeley, MH Tschöp, DR Dietrich, PT Pfluger |
Disease models & mechanisms | 2012 |
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Central nervous system control of metabolism
MG Myers, DP Olson |
Nature | 2012 |
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Genetic approaches to understanding human obesity
Sadaf Farooqi, Shwetha Ramachandrappa |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2011 |
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Effects of deficiency of the G protein Gsα on energy and glucose homeostasis
M Chen, NM Nemechek, E Mema, J Wang, LS Weinstein |
European Journal of Pharmacology | 2011 |
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The HPA axis modulates the CNS melanocortin control of liver triacylglyceride metabolism
P Wiedmer, N Chaudhary, M Rath, CX Yi, G Ananthakrishnan, R Nogueiras, EK Wirth, H Kirchner, U Schweizer, W Jonas, C Veyrat-Durebex, F Rohner-Jeanrenaud, A Schurmann, HG Joost, MH Tschöp, D Perez-Tilve |
Physiology & Behavior | 2011 |
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NPY and MC4R signaling regulate thyroid hormone levels during fasting through both central and peripheral pathways
KR Vella, P Ramadoss, FS Lam, JC Harris, FD Ye, PD Same, NF O'Neill, E Maratos-Flier, AN Hollenberg |
Cell Metabolism | 2011 |
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Leptin and the CNS Control of Glucose Metabolism
GJ Morton, MW Schwartz |
Physiological reviews | 2011 |
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Melanocortin-4-receptors Expressed by Cholinergic Neurons Regulate Energy Balance and Glucose Homeostasis
J Rossi, N Balthasar, D Olson, M Scott, E Berglund, CE Lee, MJ Choi, D Lauzon, BB Lowell, JK Elmquist |
Cell Metabolism | 2011 |
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Genetic dissection of the functions of the melanocortin-3 receptor, a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor, suggests roles for central and peripheral receptors in energy homeostasis
K Begriche, PR Levasseur, J Zhang, J Rossi, D Skorupa, LA Solt, B Young, TP Burris, DL Marks, RL Mynatt, AA Butler |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 2011 |
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Homeostastic and non-homeostatic functions of melanocortin-3 receptors in the control of energy balance and metabolism
K Begriche, GM Sutton, AA Butler |
Physiology & Behavior | 2011 |
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Nr4a1 siRNA Expression Attenuates α-MSH Regulated Gene Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
SC Wang, SA Myers, NA Eriksson, RL Fitzsimmons, GE Muscat |
Molecular Endocrinology | 2011 |
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Central nervous control of energy and glucose balance: focus on the central melanocortin system
Y Xu, JK Elmquist, M Fukuda |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | 2011 |
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Nutrient sensing hypothalamic TXNIP links nutrient excess to energy imbalance in mice
C Blouet, GJ Schwartz |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2011 |
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Central insulin and leptin-mediated autonomic control of glucose homeostasis
JS Marino, Y Xu, JW Hill |
Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM | 2011 |
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Melanocortin 4 Receptor–Deficient Mice as a Novel Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
M Itoh, T Suganami, N Nakagawa, M Tanaka, Y Yamamoto, Y Kamei, S Terai, I Sakaida, Y Ogawa |
The American Journal of Pathology | 2011 |
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Central nervous system inflammation induces muscle atrophy via activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
TP Braun, X Zhu, M Szumowski, GD Scott, AJ Grossberg, PR Levasseur, K Graham, S Khan, S Damaraju, WF Colmers, VE Baracos, DL Marks |
Journal of Experimental Medicine | 2011 |
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Ghrelin-induced adiposity is independent of orexigenic effects
D Perez-Tilve, K Heppner, H Kirchner, SH Lockie, SC Woods, DL Smiley, M Tschöp, P Pfluger |
The FASEB Journal | 2011 |
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Ghrelin Enhances Olfactory Sensitivity and Exploratory Sniffing in Rodents and Humans
J Tong, E Mannea, P Aimé, PT Pfluger, CX Yi, TR Castaneda, HW Davis, X Ren, S Pixley, S Benoit, K Julliard, SC Woods, TL Horvath, MM Sleeman, D D'Alessio, S Obici, R Frank, MH Tschöp |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2011 |
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The Central Sirtuin 1/p53 Pathway Is Essential for the Orexigenic Action of Ghrelin
DA Velasquez, G Martinez, A Romero, MJ Vazquez, KD Boit, IG Dopeso-Reyes, M Lopez, A Vidal, R Nogueiras, C Dieguez |
Diabetes | 2011 |
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GWAS of butyrylcholinesterase activity identifies four novel loci, independent effects within BCHE and secondary associations with metabolic risk factors
B Benyamin, RP Middelberg, PA Lind, AM Valle, S Gordon, DR Nyholt, SE Medland, AK Henders, AC Heath, PA Madden, PM Visscher, DT O'Connor, GW Montgomery, NG Martin, JB Whitfield |
Human Molecular Genetics | 2011 |
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Sympathetic activity controls fat-induced OEA signaling in small intestine
J Fu, NV Dipatrizio, A Guijarro, GJ Schwartz, X Li, S Gaetani, G Astarita, D Piomelli |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2011 |
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Neuropeptide Y and Agouti-Related Peptide Mediate Complementary Functions of Hyperphagia and Reduced Energy Expenditure in Leptin Receptor Deficiency
N Luo, G Marcelin, SM Liu, G Schwartz, S Chua |
Endocrinology | 2011 |
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Melanocortin signaling in the CNS directly regulates circulating cholesterol
D Perez-Tilve, SM Hofmann, J Basford, R Nogueiras, PT Pfluger, JT Patterson, E Grant, HE Wilson-Perez, NA Granholm, M Arnold, JL Trevaskis, AA Butler, WS Davidson, SC Woods, SC Benoit, MW Sleeman, RD DiMarchi, DY Hui, MH Tschöp |
Nature Neuroscience | 2010 |
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Mouse models of the metabolic syndrome
AJ Kennedy, KL Ellacott, VL King, AH Hasty |
Disease models & mechanisms | 2010 |
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SIRT1 Deacetylase in POMC Neurons Is Required for Homeostatic Defenses against Diet-Induced Obesity
G Ramadori, T Fujikawa, M Fukuda, J Anderson, DA Morgan, R Mostoslavsky, RC Stuart, M Perello, CR Vianna, EA Nillni, K Rahmouni, R Coppari |
Cell Metabolism | 2010 |
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The Melanocortin-4 Receptor: Physiology, Pharmacology, and Pathophysiology
YX Tao |
Endocrine reviews | 2010 |
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Central nervous system melanocortin-3 receptors are required for synchronizing metabolism during entrainment to restricted feeding during the light cycle
GM Sutton, K Begriche, KG Kumar, JM Gimble, D Perez-Tilve, R Nogueiras, RP McMillan, MW Hulver, MH Tschöp, AA Butler |
The FASEB Journal | 2010 |
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CNS leptin action modulates immune response and survival in sepsis
J Tschöp, R Nogueiras, S Haas-Lockie, KR Kasten, TR Castañeda, N Huber, K Guanciale, D Perez-Tilve, K Habegger, N Ottaway, SC Woods, B Oldfield, I Clarke, S Chua, IS Farooqi, S O'Rahilly, CC Caldwell, MH Tschöp |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2010 |
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Contributions Of Adipocyte Lipid Metabolism To Body Fat Content And Implications For The Treatment Of Obesity
G Marcelin, S Chua |
Current Opinion in Pharmacology | 2010 |
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Hypothalamic mechanisms in cachexia
AJ Grossberg, JM Scarlett, DL Marks |
Physiology & Behavior | 2010 |
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Decreased glucose tolerance and plasma adiponectin:resistin ratio in a mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder
TR Castañeda, R Nogueiras, TD Müller, R Krishna, E Grant, A Jones, N Ottaway, G Ananthakrishnan, PT Pfluger, N Chaudhary, MB Solomon, SC Woods, JP Herman, MH Tschöp |
Diabetologia | 2010 |
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Deletion of Nhlh2 results in a defective torpor response and reduced Beta adrenergic receptor expression in adipose tissue
UD Wankhade, KR Vella, DL Fox, DJ Good |
PloS one | 2010 |
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Innervation of skeletal muscle by leptin receptor-containing neurons
T Babic, MN Purpera, BW Banfield, HR Berthoud, CD Morrison |
Brain Research | 2010 |
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Central melanocortin stimulation increases phosphorylated perilipin A and hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissues
YB Shrestha, CH Vaughan, BJ Smith, CK Song, DJ Baro, TJ Bartness |
American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology | 2010 |
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Pro-opiomelanocortin Gene Transfer to the NTS but not ARC Ameliorates Chronic Diet-Induced Obesity
Y Zhang, E Rodrigues, YX Gao, M King, KY Cheng, B Erdös, N Tümer, C Carter, PJ Scarpace |
Neuroscience | 2010 |
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Gamma-protocadherins regulate the functional integrity of hypothalamic feeding circuitry in mice
H Su, B Marcheva, S Meng, FA Liang, A Kohsaka, Y Kobayashi, AW Xu, J Bass, X Wang |
Developmental Biology | 2009 |
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Obesity accelerates thymic aging
H Yang, YH Youm, B Vandanmagsar, J Rood, KG Kumar, AA Butler, VD Dixit |
Blood | 2009 |
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Pulmonary surfactant: an immunological perspective
ZC Chroneos, Z Sever-Chroneos, VL Shepherd |
Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology | 2009 |
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Evidence that multiple genetic variants of MC4R play a functional role in the regulation of energy expenditure and appetite in Hispanic children
SA Cole, NF Butte, VS Voruganti, G Cai, K Haack, JW Kent, J Blangero, AG Comuzzie, JD McPherson, RA Gibbs |
The American journal of clinical nutrition | 2009 |
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The role of GNAS and other imprinted genes in the development of obesity
LS Weinstein, T Xie, A Qasem, J Wang, M Chen |
International Journal of Obesity | 2009 |
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Central Nervous System Imprinting of the G Protein Gsα and Its Role in Metabolic Regulation
M Chen, J Wang, KE Dickerson, J Kelleher, T Xie, D Gupta, EW Lai, K Pacak, O Gavrilova, LS Weinstein |
Cell Metabolism | 2009 |
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Hypothalamic Lipids and the Regulation of Energy Homeostasis
b Carlos Dieacutegueza, c Gema Fruumlhbeckb, b Miguel Loacutepeza |
Obesity facts | 2009 |
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Human genetics illuminates the paths to metabolic disease
S ORahilly |
Nature | 2009 |
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Science of self-preservation: how melanocortin action in the brain modulates body weight, blood pressure, and ischemic damage
MP Corander, M Fenech, AP Coll |
Circulation | 2009 |
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Direct control of peripheral lipid deposition by CNS GLP-1 receptor signaling is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system and blunted in diet-induced obesity
R Nogueiras, D Pérez-Tilve, C Veyrat-Durebex, DA Morgan, L Varela, WG Haynes, JT Patterson, E Disse, PT Pfluger, M López, SC Woods, R DiMarchi, C Diéguez, K Rahmouni, F Rohner-Jeanrenaud, MH Tschöp |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2009 |
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The role of melanocortin neuronal pathways in circadian biology: a new homeostatic output involving melanocortin-3 receptors?
K Begriche, GM Sutton, J Fang, AA Butler |
Obesity Reviews | 2009 |
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New central targets for the treatment of obesity
BJ Sargent, NA Moore |
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | 2009 |
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Metabolic consequences and vulnerability to diet-induced obesity in male mice under chronic social stress
A Bartolomucci, A Cabassi, P Govoni, G Ceresini, C Cero, D Berra, H Dadomo, P Franceschini, G Dell'Omo, S Parmigiani, P Palanza |
PloS one | 2009 |
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Key amino acid residues in the Melanocortin-4 Receptor for nonpeptide THIQ Specific Binding and Signaling
Y Yang, M Cai, M Chen, H Qu, D McPherson, V Hruby, CM Harmon |
Regulatory Peptides | 2009 |
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Covariation between eumelanic pigmentation and body mass only under specific conditions
A Roulin |
Die Naturwissenschaften | 2009 |
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Implications of Gene–Behavior Interactions: Prevention and Intervention for Obesity
MS Bray |
Obesity | 2008 |
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Lower Metabolic Rate in Individuals Heterozygous for Either a Frameshift or a Functional Missense MC4R Variant
J Krakoff, L Ma, S Kobes, WC Knowler, RL Hanson, C Bogardus, LJ Baier |
2008 | |
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Identification of Adropin as a Secreted Factor Linking Dietary Macronutrient Intake with Energy Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism
KG Kumar, JL Trevaskis, DD Lam, GM Sutton, RA Koza, VN Chouljenko, KG Kousoulas, PM Rogers, RA Kesterson, M Thearle, AW Ferrante, RL Mynatt, TP Burris, JZ Dong, HA Halem, MD Culler, LK Heisler, JM Stephens, AA Butler |
Cell Metabolism | 2008 |
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Peripheral, but Not Central, CB1 Antagonism Provides Food Intake-Independent Metabolic Benefits in Diet-Induced Obese Rats
R Nogueiras, C Veyrat-Durebex, PM Suchanek, M Klein, J Tschop, C Caldwell, SC Woods, G Wittmann, M Watanabe, Z Liposits, C Fekete, O Reizes, F Rohner-Jeanrenaud, MH Tschop |
Diabetes | 2008 |
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Bsx, a Novel Hypothalamic Factor Linking Feeding with Locomotor Activity, Is Regulated by Energy Availability
R Nogueiras, M López, R Lage, D Perez-Tilve, P Pfluger, H Mendieta-Zerón, M Sakkou, P Wiedmer, SC Benoit, R Datta, JZ Dong, M Culler, M Sleeman, A Vidal-Puig, T Horvath, M Treier, C Diéguez, MH Tschöp |
Endocrinology | 2008 |
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Melanocortin-4 receptor mRNA expressed in sympathetic outflow neurons to brown adipose tissue: neuroanatomical and functional evidence
CK Song, CH Vaughan, E Keen-Rhinehart, RB Harris, D Richard, TJ Bartness |
American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology | 2008 |
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Central nervous system neuropeptide Y signaling modulates VLDL triglyceride secretion
JM Stafford, F Yu, R Printz, AH Hasty, LL Swift, KD Niswender |
Diabetes | 2008 |
|
More Than Satiety: Central Serotonin Signaling and Glucose Homeostasis
P Pissios, E Maratos-Flier |
Cell Metabolism | 2007 |
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