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The self-peptide repertoire plays a critical role in transplant tolerance induction
Eric T. Son, Pouya Faridi, Moumita Paul-Heng, Mario L. Leong, Kieran English, Sri H. Ramarathinam, Asolina Braun, Nadine L. Dudek, Ian E. Alexander, Leszek Lisowski, Patrick Bertolino, David G. Bowen, Anthony W. Purcell, Nicole A. Mifsud, Alexandra F. Sharland
Eric T. Son, Pouya Faridi, Moumita Paul-Heng, Mario L. Leong, Kieran English, Sri H. Ramarathinam, Asolina Braun, Nadine L. Dudek, Ian E. Alexander, Leszek Lisowski, Patrick Bertolino, David G. Bowen, Anthony W. Purcell, Nicole A. Mifsud, Alexandra F. Sharland
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Research Article Immunology

The self-peptide repertoire plays a critical role in transplant tolerance induction

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Abstract

While direct allorecognition underpins both solid organ allograft rejection and tolerance induction, the specific molecular targets of most directly alloreactive CD8+ T cells have not been defined. In this study, we used a combination of genetically engineered major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) constructs, mice with a hepatocyte-specific mutation in the class I antigen-presentation pathway, and immunopeptidomic analysis to provide definitive evidence for the contribution of the peptide cargo of allogeneic MHC I molecules to transplant tolerance induction. We established a systematic approach for the discovery of directly recognized pMHC epitopes and identified 17 strongly immunogenic H-2Kb–associated peptides recognized by CD8+ T cells from B10.BR (H-2k) mice, 13 of which were also recognized by BALB/c (H-2d) mice. As few as 5 different tetramers used together were able to identify a high proportion of alloreactive T cells within a polyclonal population, suggesting that there are immunodominant allogeneic MHC-peptide complexes that can account for a large component of the alloresponse.

Authors

Eric T. Son, Pouya Faridi, Moumita Paul-Heng, Mario L. Leong, Kieran English, Sri H. Ramarathinam, Asolina Braun, Nadine L. Dudek, Ian E. Alexander, Leszek Lisowski, Patrick Bertolino, David G. Bowen, Anthony W. Purcell, Nicole A. Mifsud, Alexandra F. Sharland

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Figure 7

Profiling of the H-2Kd– and H-2Kb–associated peptide repertoires of transduced hepatocytes, skin, and spleen.

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Profiling of the H-2Kd– and H-2Kb–associated peptide repertoires of tran...
(A) A schematic diagram illustrating the immunoaffinity purification workflow. (B and C) Unique peptides were identified from transduced hepatocytes, skin, and spleen. For H-2Kd, the peptide repertoires of C57BL/6 hepatocytes transduced with AAV-HC-Kd, B6.Kd spleen, and B6.Kd skin grafts collected 7 days after transplantation were determined, while for H-2Kb, the corresponding tissues were B10.BR hepatocytes transduced with AAV-HC-Kb, 178.3 spleen, and 178.3 skin grafts sampled at 7 days after transplant. Data from 2 independent experiments are shown. Within each replicate experiment, samples from 3 to 4 mice were pooled per condition. For Kd, 880 9-mer peptides were found to be shared across all 3 tissue types, while 1083 Kb peptides (8- to 11-mer, IC50<500 nM) were common to the 3 tissues. (D) Length distribution of filtered H-2Kd peptides from hepatocytes, spleen, and skin graft tissue samples. The number of peptides of each length identified with a 5% FDR cut-off are shown. (E) Peptide-binding motifs for H2-Kd peptides generated from a nonredundant list of 9-mer peptides using GibbsCluster 2.0. (F) Length distribution of H-2Kb peptides from hepatocytes, spleen, and skin graft tissue samples (as for D). Most eluted peptides are 8-mers, with 9-mers also relatively frequent. (G) Peptide-binding motifs for H2-Kb peptides generated from a list of 8- to 11-mer peptides using the GibbsCluster 2.0 algorithm as above. The canonical binding motifs were observed for all 3 tissues for both H2-Kd and H2-Kb. (H) The extent of peptide sharing between the H2-Kd repertoires of hepatocytes, spleen, and skin was substantially reduced when Tap1KOHep, Tap1fl/fl, or C57BL6 mice inoculated with AAV-HC-Kd-YCAC were substituted for C57BL/6 transduced with AAV-HC-Kd. This reduction was particularly striking for the combination of Tap1KOHep with AAV-HC-Kd-YCAC.

Copyright © 2026 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

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