To begin to dissect atherogenesis as a complex genetic disorder affected by genetic makeup and environment, we have (a) generated a reproducible mouse model of neointimal growth; (b) evaluated the effect of disruption of a single gene, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, believed to be central to intimal growth, and (c) examined the modifying effects of gender and pregnancy upon the vascular response. Cuff placement around the femoral artery causes reproducible intimal growth. We assessed the response to injury by quantitative morphometry, measuring the intimal to medial (I/M) volume ratio. In wild-type mice, cuff placement causes pronounced intimal proliferation without affecting the media, resulting in I/M ratios of 31% (SV129 males) and 27% (C57BL/6 males). eNOS mutant male mice have a much greater degree of intimal growth (I/M ratio of 70%). Female mice show less intimal response than do males, although eNOS mutant female mice still have more response than do wild-type females. Most dramatic, however, is the effect of pregnancy, which essentially abolishes the intimal response to injury, even overriding the effect of eNOS mutation. We conclude that eNOS deficiency is a genetic predisposition to intimal proliferation that is enhanced by male gender, and that may be overridden by pregnancy.
M Moroi, L Zhang, T Yasuda, R Virmani, H K Gold, M C Fishman, P L Huang
Title and authors | Publication | Year |
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Estrogen Elicits Cytochrome P450--Mediated Flow-Induced Dilation of Arterioles in NO Deficiency: Role of PI3K-Akt Phosphorylation in Genomic Regulation
A Huang |
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Physical inactivity causes endothelial dysfunction in healthy young mice
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Mouse models of arteriosclerosis: from arterial injuries to vascular grafts
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The American Journal of Pathology | 2004 |
Nitric oxide, angiotensin II, and hypertension
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Seminars in Nephrology | 2004 |
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase as a Novel Anti-Atherogenic Factor
M Tsutsui |
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis | 2004 |
Premature death and age-related cardiac dysfunction in male eNOS-knockout mice
W Li, S Mital, C Ojaimi, A Csiszar, G Kaley, TH Hintze |
Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology | 2004 |
Conversion from cyclosporine A to mycophenolate mofetil protects recipient kidney and prevents intimal hyperplasia in rat aortic allografts
H Shimizu, M Takahashi, S Takeda, S Inoue, J Fujishiro, Y Hakamata, T Kaneko, T Murakami, I Takeyoshi, Y Morishita, E Kobayashi |
Transplant Immunology | 2004 |
Non-genomic activation of protein kinase Akt by steroid hormones
JK Liao |
International Congress Series | 2004 |
Perivascular injury leads to a reduction in vascular reactivity of the collared and to an enhancement on contralateral carotid artery of rats
SY Fukada, FM Corrêa, LN Ramalho, CI Mizusaki, AM de Oliveira |
Cardiovascular Pathology | 2004 |
Role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial activation: insights from eNOS knockout endothelial cells
PJ Kuhlencordt, E Rosel, RE Gerszten, M Morales-Ruiz, D Dombkowski, WJ Atkinson, F Han, F Preffer, A Rosenzweig, WC Sessa, MA Gimbrone, G Ertl, PL Huang |
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology | 2004 |
The Role of Nitric Oxide in Heart Failure
BI Jugdutt |
2004 | |
Pentaerithrityltetranitrat
E Erdmann, E Mutschler, D Stalleicken |
2004 | |
Transgenic Models in Pharmacology
S Offermanns, L Hein |
2004 |