Free cholesterol is in rapid equilibrium between serum lipoproteins and red cells. The level of red cell cholesterol is influenced by bile salts, which shift the serum/cell partition of free cholesterol to the cell phase and which inhibit the cholesterol-esterifying mechanism. During incubation in normal serum possessing an active cholesterol-esterifying mechanism, red cells lose cholesterol and surface area and thereby become more spheroidal and less resistant to osmotic lysis. When exposed to serum from patients with obstructive jaundice or to normal serum with added bile salts, red cells accumulate cholesterol and increase their surface area, thereby acquiring a flattened shape and an increased resistance to osmotic lysis. The described gains and losses of red cell cholesterol and surface area do not involve metabolic injury and occur with no significant change in phospholipid content.
Richard A. Cooper, James H. Jandl
Title and authors | Publication | Year |
---|---|---|
Potential of Three Ethnomedicinal Plants as Antisickling Agents
IO Nurain, CO Bewaji, JS Johnson, RD Davenport, Y Zhang |
Molecular Pharmaceutics | 2017 |
The effects of L-carnitine on some hematological parameters in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet
D Uluisik, E Keskin |
Biotechnic & Histochemistry | 2014 |
Quantitative detection of target cells using unghosted cells (UGCs) of DxH 800 (Beckman Coulter)
W Lee, JH Kim, IK Sung, SK Park, ST Oh, HH Park, YJ Park, Y Kim, EJ Oh, M Kim, HI Park, K Han |
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine | 2014 |
Surface Area Loss and Increased Sphericity Account for the Splenic Entrapment of Subpopulations of Plasmodium falciparum Ring-Infected Erythrocytes
I Safeukui, PA Buffet, S Perrot, A Sauvanet, B Aussilhou, S Dokmak, A Couvelard, DC Hatem, N Mohandas, PH David, O Mercereau-Puijalon, G Milon, TJ Templeton |
PloS one | 2013 |
Quantitative assessment of sensing and sequestration of spherocytic erythrocytes by the human spleen
I Safeukui, PA Buffet, G Deplaine, S Perrot, V Brousse, A Ndour, M Nguyen, O Mercereau-Puijalon, PH David, G Milon, N Mohandas |
Blood | 2012 |
Target cell formation leading to pseudoleukocytosis in patients with malignant disorders
C Robier, M Neubauer, H Sternad, F Rainer |
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine | 2010 |
A case of spur cell anemia resolved by living donor liver transplantation
H Nakatsuka, Y Sato, H Oya, S Yamamoto, I Kurosaki, Y Shirai, K Hatakeyama |
Kanzo | 2007 |
Red cell osmotic fragility studies in hemoglobin C-beta thalassemia: osmotically resistant microspherocytes
DA Sears, MM Udden, MD Johnston |
Clinical and Laboratory Haematology | 2003 |
Apport de l'examen du frottis de sang pour le diagnostic de la pathologie constitutionnelle du globule rouge
O Fenneteau, M Maier-Redelsperger |
Revue Française des Laboratoires | 2000 |
Spurious leukocytosis-simulating relapse of chronic myeloid leukemia after bone marrow transplant: Possible relationship to hypercholesterolemia and hyperbiliru binemia
E Cobos, YK Keung, M Gilbert, D Morgan |
American Journal of Hematology | 1995 |
High concentrations of conjugated bile acids inhibit bacterial growth of Clostridium perfringens and induce its extracellular cholyglycine hydrolase
M Kishinaka, A Umeda, S Kuroki |
Steroids | 1994 |
Decreased erytrocyte osmotic fragility during canine leptospirosis
ML Santoro, MM Kogika, MK Hagiwara, RM Mirandola, IL Castelar |
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo | 1994 |
Effects of stanozolol and L-carnitine on erythrocyte osmotic fragility during aerobic exercise in rats
JE Bayon, AI Alvarez, JP Barrio, C Diez, JG Prieto |
Comparative Haematology International | 1993 |
Changes in lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes with administration of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in chronic liver disease
H Kakimoto, S Kawata, Y Imai, M Inada, Y Matsuzawa, S Tarui |
Gastroenterologia Japonica | 1992 |
Medical and Nutritional Complications of Alcoholism
CS Lieber |
1992 | |
A case of Zieve syndrome
H Kurota, J Tajima, Y Sakakibara, H Daidouji, T Minamizuka, H Biyajima, M Nakazawa, N Tamura |
Juntendo Medical Journal | 1991 |
Excess of red cell membrane proteins in hereditary high-phosphatidylcholine hemolytic anemia
PA Lane, FA Kuypers, MR Clark, DA Andrews, GM Wagner, P Butikofer, AD Shapiro, DT Chiu, BH Lubin, WC Mentzer |
American Journal of Hematology | 1990 |
Influence of hypercholesterolemia on morphological and rheological characteristics of erythrocytes
P Kanakaraj, M Singh |
Atherosclerosis | 1989 |
Single locus (rol) control of extreme resistance to red cell osmotic lysis: intrinsic mode of gene action
CA Schaefer, MJ Dewey |
Genetics | 1989 |
Red blood cell membrane microviscosity correlates with posttransfusion survival
LR McLean, C Grote, EB Silberstein, M McGill |
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | 1988 |
The Bile Acids: Chemistry, Physiology, and Metabolism
KD Setchell, D Kritchevsky, PP Nair |
1988 | |
Hematologic Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Disease
DL Phillips, EB Keeffe |
Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America | 1987 |
Effects of Malotilate on Rat Erythrocytes
K AKAHANE, K FURUHAMA, F INAGE, T ONODERA |
The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology | 1987 |
Calcium enhances the hemolytic action of bile salts
P Child, J Rafter |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes | 1986 |
Phospholipid metabolism in bile duct-ligated rat plasma and erythrocytes
T Masako, I Hideto, S Toshio |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism | 1986 |
Experimental biliary obstruction of rat
T Masako, T Fumihiko, I Hideto, S Toshio |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism | 1983 |
Abnormalities of erythrocyte stromal lipids in atresia of the intrahepatic bile ducts
S Chapelle, C Franclois, JM Chantraine |
Archives Of Physiology And Biochemistry | 1982 |
Role of phospholipids in the DDT-induced efflux of potassium in human erythrocytes
P Ahmad, W Chefurka |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes | 1982 |
Mechanism of increased osmotic resistance of red cells in workers exposed to lead
I Karai, K Fukumoto, S Horiguchi |
British journal of industrial medicine | 1982 |
Epimerization versus dehydroxylation of the 7α-hydroxyl- group of primary bile acids: Competitive studies with Clostridium absonum and 7α-dehydroxylating bacteria (Eubacterium SP.)
IA Macdonald, DM Hutchison |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1982 |
Abnormalities in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids in patients with liver cirrhosis
D Alvaro, M Angelico, AF Attili, AD Santis, U Pieche, L Capocaccia |
Biochemical Medicine | 1982 |
Alterations of lipids of the erythrocyte membranes in workers exposed to lead
I Karai, K Fukumoto, S Horiguchi |
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health | 1982 |
Relationships between osmotic fragility of red blood cells and various hematologic data in workers exposed to lead
I Karai, K Fukumoto, S Horiguchi |
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health | 1982 |
Spin label studies of erythrocytes with abnormal lipid composition: comparison of red cells in a hereditary hemolytic syndrome and lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency
DV Godin, FG Herring |
Journal of Supramolecular Structure and Cellular Biochemistry | 1981 |
The Biology of Cholesterol and Related Steroids
NB Myant |
The Biology of Cholesterol and Related Steroids | 1981 |
Erythrocyte membranes in biliary obstruction: Phospholipase A2-induced alterations in lipid composition and morphology
Y Okano, H Iida, M Takahashi, T Sekiya, I Hasegawa, Y Nozawa |
Biochemical Medicine | 1981 |
Red Cell Fragmentation in the Dog: An Editorial Review
AH Rebar, HB Lewis, DB Denicola, WH Halliwell, GD Boon |
Veterinary pathology | 1981 |
Erythrocyte osmotic fragility in various liver diseases—application of coil planet centrifuge system
K Horii, Y Adachi, Y Ohba, T Yamamoto |
Gastroenterologia Japonica | 1981 |
Studies on osmotic fragility of red blood cells determined with a coil planet centrifuge for workers occupationally exposed to lead
I Karai, K Fukumoto, S Horiguchi |
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health | 1981 |
Changes in shape of erythrocytes in rabbits on atherogenic diet and onion extracts
TM Vatsala, M Singh |
Atherosclerosis | 1980 |
The Erythrocyte Membrane Disturbances in Protein-Energy Malnutrition: Nature and Mechanisms
P Fondu, N Mozes, P Neve, L Sohet-Robazza, I Mandelbaum |
British Journal of Haematology | 1980 |
Rheological and functional impairments in cholesterol-loaded human erythrocytes
T Shiga, N Maeda, T Suda, K Kon, M Sekiya |
Experientia | 1980 |
Red cell cholesterol enrichment and spur cell anemia in dogs fed a cholesterol-enriched atherogenic diet
RA Cooper, MH Leslie, D Knight, DK Detweiler |
Journal of lipid research | 1980 |
CONGENITAL, PERSISTENT PROXIMAL TYPE RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS IN TWO BROTHERS1
A Winsnes, E Monn, O Stokke, T Feyling |
Acta Paediatrica | 1979 |
Dihydrocholesterol-induced gallstones in the rabbit: evidence that bile acids cause gallbladder epithelial injury
SP Lee, AJ Scott |
British Journal of Experimental Pathology | 1979 |
Abnormalities of erythrocyte membranes in biliary atresia: Ultrastructure and lipid composition
Y Okano, H Iida, T Yamauchi, T Sekiya, H Kuwabara, G Masako, Y Nozawa |
Clinica Chimica Acta | 1979 |
Investigation of macrocytic anemia
PC Ward |
Postgraduate Medicine | 1979 |
Investigation of poikilocytic normochromic normocytic anemia: 1. Round and elongated forms
PC Ward |
Postgraduate Medicine | 1979 |
Influence of increased membrane cholesterol on membrane fluidity and cell function in human red blood cells
RA Cooper |
Journal of Supramolecular Structure | 1978 |
Lipid exchange and transfer between biological lipid-protein structures
FP Bell |
Progress in Lipid Research | 1978 |
Mechanism for lipid abnormalities of erythrocyte membranes in biliary obstruction: Lecithin content and its fatty acyl composition
O Yukio, Y Taeko, S Takashi, I Hisaya, H Isao, N Yoshinori |
Clinica Chimica Acta | 1978 |
Membrane lipid composition of red blood cells in liver disease: regression of spur cell anaemia after infusion of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine
G Salvioli, G Rioli, R Lugli, R Salati |
Gut | 1978 |
Relationship of the constituents of bile to biliary peritonitis in the rat
EM Walker, H Ellis |
Gut | 1978 |
Selective loss of calcium permeability on maturation of reticulocytes
JS Wiley, CC Shaller |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1977 |
The dispersion of cholesterol with phospholipids and glycolipids
PJ McCabe, C Green |
Chemistry and Physics of Lipids | 1977 |
Effect of electrical brain stimulation on erythrocyte membrane lipids
F Parl, LK Bjornson, G Kiu, WH Gutstein |
Life Sciences | 1977 |
Lipid Metabolism in Mammals
F Snyder |
1977 | |
Blood Smears Reinterpreted
M Bessis |
1977 | |
The fusion of abnormal plasma lipoprotein (LP-X) and the erythrocyte membrane in patients with cholestasis studied by electronmicroscopy
AJ Verkleij, IL Nauta, JM Werre, JG Mandersloot, B Reinders, PH Ververgaert, J Gier |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes | 1976 |
Changes of nonelectrolyte permeability in cholesterol-loaded erythrocytes
B Deuticke, C Ruska |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes | 1976 |
Effects of colchicine on amphibian red blood cells
L Goniakowska-Witalińska |
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology | 1976 |
Hemolytic Anemias: Failure of the Red Cell Membrane
SB Shohet, PM Ness |
Medical Clinics of North America | 1976 |
Fettstoffwechsel
G Assmann, J Augustin, E Baraona, HU Benz, W Brech, WV Brown, RJ Desnick, WR Fallat, S Ford, D Fredrickson, CJ Glueck, H Greten, K Harzer, P Herbert, GM Kostner, W Krivit, RI Levy, CS Lieber, M Liersch, G Middelhoff, GL Mills, NB Myant, RF ODea, J Papenberg, H Pilz, HM Rauen, S Sailer, G Schettler, G Schlierf, H Schriewer, D Seidel, J Slack, E Stange, O Stein, Y Stein, D Steinberg, A Weizel, H Wieland |
1976 | |
Metabolic Aspects of Alcoholism
CS Lieber |
1976 | |
Modification of red cell membrane structure by cholesterol-rich lipid dispersions. A model for the primary spur cell defect
RA Cooper, EC Arner, JS Wiley, SJ Shattil |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1975 |
Endothelial injury
F Parl, WH Gutstein, AF D'Aguillo, A Baez |
Atherosclerosis | 1975 |
The Relationship of Red Cell Membrane Lipid Content to Red Cell Morphology and Survival in Patients with Liver Disease*
LW Powell, JW Halliday, BR Knowles |
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine | 1975 |
Regulation of allosteric membrane-bound enzymes through changes in membrane lipid composition
RN Farías, B Bloj, RD Morero, F Siñeriz, RE Trucco |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes | 1975 |
Die Pathogenese der Hypercholesterol�mie nach Gallengangsverschlu�
HJ Weis, EU Baas |
Klinische Wochenschrift | 1974 |
Studies of Red-Cell Membrane Function in Heterozygous β Thalassaemia and Other Hypochromic Anaemias
HH Knox-Macaulay, DJ Weatherall |
British Journal of Haematology | 1974 |
Effects of dietary cholesterol upon bile acid metabolism in guinea pig
H Lansma, R Ostwald |
Lipids | 1974 |
Haemolysis in experimental cholestasis: possible role of erythrocyte sialic acid
LW Powell, JT LaMont, KJ Isselbacher |
Gut | 1974 |
Pathways of de novo phospholipid synthesis in reticulocytes
SK Ballas, ER Burka |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism | 1974 |
Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) with increased red cell lipids
TL Weatherly, EP Flannery, WF Doyle, SB Shohet, G Garratty |
The American Journal of Medicine | 1974 |
The Red Blood Cell
GJ Brewer |
The Red Blood Cell | 1974 |
Role of the Spleen in Membrane Conditioning and Hemolysis of Spur Cells in Liver Disease
RA Cooper, DB Kimball, JR Durocher |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1974 |
Phospholipids in Biology and Medicine
RL Jackson, AM Gotto |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1974 |
Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase in Human Liver Disease
JB Simon |
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation | 1974 |
The Biology of Alcoholism
B Kissin, H Begleiter |
1974 | |
Alcohol and the Blood
LE Böttiger |
Scandinavian Journal of Haematology | 1973 |
Membrane fluidity, cholesterol and allosteric transitions of membrane-bound Mg2+-ATPase, (Na+ + K+)-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase from rat erythrocytes
B Bloj, RD Morero, RN Farías |
FEBS Letters | 1973 |
Vitesses des processus de renouvellement du cholestérol contenu dans son espace de transfert, chez le rat
CL Lutton, D Mathé, F Chevallier |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism | 1973 |
The Differential Diagnosis of Hemolytic Anemias
N Costea |
Medical Clinics of North America | 1973 |
The Bile Acids, Chemistry, Physiology, and Metabolism
PP Nair, D Kritchevsky |
1973 | |
Loss of Membrane Components in the Pathogenesis of Antibody-Induced Spherocytosis
RA Cooper |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1972 |
An Analysis of Lipoproteins, Bile Acids, and Red Cell Membranes Associated with Target Cells and Spur Cells in Patients with Liver Disease
RA Cooper, MD Puray, P Lando, MS Greenverg |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1972 |
STEROID TREATMENT IN THE PREVENTION OF PAINFUL EPISODES IN SICKLE-CELL DISEASE
WA Isaacs, CE Effiong, O Ayeni |
The Lancet | 1972 |
Red cell lipids in hypothyroidism
RC Neerhout |
Clinica Chimica Acta | 1972 |
The effect of experimental biliary obstruction on the structure and lipid content 0f rat erythrocytes
S Calandra, MJ Martin, MJ O'shea, N McIntyre |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism | 1972 |
Hemolysis and Changes in Erythrocyte Membrane Lipids
SB Shohet |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1972 |
Transient Intravascular Haemolysis Associated with Alcoholic Liver Disease and Hyperlipidaemia**
LW Powell, HP Roeser, JW Halliday |
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine | 1972 |
Erythrocyte membranes - compression of lipid phases by increased cholesterol content
J Kroes, R Ostwald, A Keith |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes | 1972 |
Lack of influence of membrane cholesterol depletion on anion and nonelectrolyte permeability of pig erythrocytes
B Deuticke, CR Zöllner |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes | 1972 |
Effects of plasma lipoproteins from control and cholesterol-fed guinea pigs on red cell morphology and cholesterol content: an in vitro study
C Sardet, H Hansma, R Ostwald |
Journal of lipid research | 1972 |
Plasma Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Activity in Liver Disease
S Calandra, MJ Martin, N McIntyre |
European Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1971 |
Mechanisms of Hemolysis — The Minimal Red-Cell Defect
RA Cooper, SJ Shattil |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1971 |
Causes of Macroplania of Erythrocytes in Diseases of the Liver and Biliary Tract with Special Reference to Leptocytosis
JM Werre, PW Helleman, MC Verloop, J Gier |
British Journal of Haematology | 1970 |
Abnormal Kinetics of Red Cell Membrane Cholesterol in Acanthocytes: Studies in Genetic and Experimental Abetalipoproteinaemia and in Spur Cell Anaemia
JA McBride, HS Jacob |
British Journal of Haematology | 1970 |
PLASMA LECITHIN-CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE AND ERYTHROCYTE LIPIDS IN LIVER DISEASE
E Gjone, KR Norum |
Acta Medica Scandinavica | 1970 |
Abnormality of Red-Cell Diameter/Thickness Ratio: Findings in Iron-Deficiency Anaemia
JA Child, WM Bowry, JP Knowles |
British Journal of Haematology | 1970 |
Serum Cholesterol Esterification in Liver Disease: Importance of Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase
JB Simon, R Scheig |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1970 |
Plasma Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase in Obstructive Jaundice
E Gjone, JP Blomhoff |
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology | 1970 |
The role of membrane lipids in the survival of red cells in hereditary spherocytosis
RA Cooper, JH Jandl |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1969 |
The selective and conjoint loss of red cell lipids
RA Cooper, JH Jandl |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1969 |
Anemia with spur cells: a red cell defect acquired in serum and modified in the circulation
RA Cooper |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1969 |
Abnormal pattern of the phospholipids of plasma and erythrocytes in four children with obstructive jaundice with abnormal spontaneous hemolysis
J Boon, RM Broekhuyse, PV Munster, E Schretlen |
Clinica Chimica Acta | 1969 |
The effect of partial replacements of membrane cholesterol by other steroids on the osmotic fragility and glycerol permeability of erythrocytes
KR Bruckdorfer, RA Demel, JD Gier, LL Deenen |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes | 1969 |
The importance of keeping bile salts in their place
KW Heaton |
Gut | 1969 |
Some factors affecting the cultivation in vitro of the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium knowlesi
PI Trigg |
Parasitology | 1969 |
RED-CELL LIPIDS IN FAMILIAL ALPHALIPOPROTEIN DEFICIENCY (TANGIER DISEASE)
MM Shacklady, EM Djardjouras, JK Lloyd |
The Lancet | 1968 |
Advances in Lipid Research
AM Scanu |
Advances in Lipid Research | 1965 |
Jaundice
S Sherlock |
British medical journal | 1962 |