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Breast cancer — one term, many entities?
Nicholas R. Bertos, Morag Park
Nicholas R. Bertos, Morag Park
Published October 3, 2011
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2011;121(10):3789-3796. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI57100.
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Review Series Article has an altmetric score of 13

Breast cancer — one term, many entities?

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Abstract

Breast cancer, rather than constituting a monolithic entity, comprises heterogeneous tumors with different clinical characteristics, disease courses, and responses to specific treatments. Tumor-intrinsic features, including classical histological and immunopathological classifications as well as more recently described molecular subtypes, separate breast tumors into multiple groups. Tumor-extrinsic features, including microenvironmental configuration, also have prognostic significance and further expand the list of tumor-defining variables. A better understanding of the features underlying heterogeneity, as well as of the mechanisms and consequences of their interactions, is essential to improve targeting of existing therapies and to develop novel agents addressing specific combinations of features.

Authors

Nicholas R. Bertos, Morag Park

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Selected elements contributing to breast tumor heterogeneity

Selected elements contributing to breast tumor heterogeneity


Copyright © 2025 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

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Referenced in 7 patents
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