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Usage Information

Staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid inhibits delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions via the platelet-activating factor receptor
Qiwei Zhang, … , Takao Shimizu, Jeffrey B. Travers
Qiwei Zhang, … , Takao Shimizu, Jeffrey B. Travers
Published October 3, 2005
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2005;115(10):2855-2861. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI25429.
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Research Article Immunology Article has an altmetric score of 6

Staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid inhibits delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions via the platelet-activating factor receptor

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Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus infections are known triggers for skin inflammation and can modulate immune responses. The present studies used model systems consisting of platelet-activating factor receptor–positive and –negative (PAF-R–positive and –negative) cells and PAF-R–deficient mice to demonstrate that staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a constituent of Gram-positive bacteria cell walls, acts as a PAF-R agonist. We show that LTA stimulates an immediate intracellular Ca2+ flux only in PAF-R–positive cells. Intradermal injections of LTA and the PAF-R agonist 1-hexadecyl-2-N-methylcarbamoyl glycerophosphocholine (CPAF) induced cutaneous inflammation in wild-type but not PAF-R–deficient mice. Systemic exposure to LTA or CPAF inhibited delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions to the chemical dinitrofluorobenzene only in PAF-R–expressing mice. The inhibition of DTH reactions was abrogated by the addition of neutralizing antibodies to IL-10. Finally, we measured levels of LTA that were adequate to stimulate PAF-R in vitro on the skin of subjects with infected atopic dermatitis. Based on these studies, we propose that LTA exerts immunomodulatory effects via the PAF-R through production of the Th2 cytokine IL-10. These findings show a novel mechanism by which staphylococcal infections can inhibit Th1 reactions and thus worsen Th2 skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis.

Authors

Qiwei Zhang, Nico Mousdicas, Qiaofang Yi, Mohammed Al-Hassani, Steven D. Billings, Susan M. Perkins, Katherine M. Howard, Satoshi Ishii, Takao Shimizu, Jeffrey B. Travers

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ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

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Referenced in 5 patents
26 readers on Mendeley
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