Go to JCI Insight
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Publication ethics
  • Publication alerts by email
  • Advertising
  • Job board
  • Contact
  • Clinical Research and Public Health
  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • By specialty
    • COVID-19
    • Cardiology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Metabolism
    • Nephrology
    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Pulmonology
    • Vascular biology
    • All ...
  • Videos
    • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
    • Video Abstracts
  • Reviews
    • View all reviews ...
    • Complement Biology and Therapeutics (May 2025)
    • Evolving insights into MASLD and MASH pathogenesis and treatment (Apr 2025)
    • Microbiome in Health and Disease (Feb 2025)
    • Substance Use Disorders (Oct 2024)
    • Clonal Hematopoiesis (Oct 2024)
    • Sex Differences in Medicine (Sep 2024)
    • Vascular Malformations (Apr 2024)
    • View all review series ...
  • Viewpoint
  • Collections
    • In-Press Preview
    • Clinical Research and Public Health
    • Research Letters
    • Letters to the Editor
    • Editorials
    • Commentaries
    • Editor's notes
    • Reviews
    • Viewpoints
    • 100th anniversary
    • Top read articles

  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • Specialties
  • Reviews
  • Review series
  • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
  • Video Abstracts
  • In-Press Preview
  • Clinical Research and Public Health
  • Research Letters
  • Letters to the Editor
  • Editorials
  • Commentaries
  • Editor's notes
  • Reviews
  • Viewpoints
  • 100th anniversary
  • Top read articles
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Publication ethics
  • Publication alerts by email
  • Advertising
  • Job board
  • Contact

Citations to this article

Mature high-affinity immune responses to (pro)insulin anticipate the autoimmune cascade that leads to type 1 diabetes
Peter Achenbach, … , Anette-G. Ziegler, Ezio Bonifacio
Peter Achenbach, … , Anette-G. Ziegler, Ezio Bonifacio
Published August 16, 2004
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2004;114(4):589-597. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI21307.
View: Text | PDF
Article Metabolism Article has an altmetric score of 16

Mature high-affinity immune responses to (pro)insulin anticipate the autoimmune cascade that leads to type 1 diabetes

  • Text
  • PDF
Abstract

Children at risk for type 1 diabetes can develop early insulin autoantibodies (IAAs). Many, but not all, of these children subsequently develop multiple islet autoantibodies and diabetes. To determine whether disease progression is reflected by autoantibody maturity, IAA affinity was measured by competitive radiobinding assay in first and subsequent IAA-positive samples from children followed from birth in the BABYDIAB cohort. IAA affinity in first positive samples ranged from less than 106 l/mol to more than 1011 l/mol. High affinity was associated with HLA DRB1*04, young age of IAA appearance, and subsequent progression to multiple islet autoantibodies or type 1 diabetes. IAA affinity in multiple antibody–positive children was on average 100-fold higher than in children who remained single IAA positive or became autoantibody negative. All high-affinity IAAs required conservation of human insulin A chain residues 8–13 and were reactive with proinsulin. In contrast, most lower-affinity IAAs were dependent on COOH-terminal B chain residues and did not bind proinsulin. These data are consistent with the concept that type 1 diabetes is associated with sustained early exposure to (pro)insulin in the context of HLA DR4 and show that high-affinity proinsulin-reactive IAAs identify children with the highest diabetes risk.

Authors

Peter Achenbach, Kerstin Koczwara, Annette Knopff, Heike Naserke, Anette-G. Ziegler, Ezio Bonifacio

×

Total citations by year

Year: 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 Total
Citations: 2 5 5 4 8 3 7 4 6 9 2 6 10 10 4 7 6 4 4 3 1 110
Citation information
This citation data is accumulated from CrossRef, which receives citation information from participating publishers, including this journal. Not all publishers participate in CrossRef, so this information is not comprehensive. Additionally, data may not reflect the most current citations to this article, and the data may differ from citation information available from other sources (for example, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus).

Citations to this article (110)

Title and authors Publication Year
Immune perturbations in human pancreas lymphatic tissues prior to and after type 1 diabetes onset
Golden GJ, Wu VH, Hamilton JT, Amses KR, Shapiro MR, Sada Japp A, Liu C, Pampena MB, Kuri-Cervantes L, Knox JJ, Gardner JS, Atkinson MA, Brusko TM, Luning Prak ET, Kaestner KH, Naji A, Betts MR
Nature Communications 2025
Evaluation of proinsulin(F25D) as a targeting ligand for insulin-binding B cells in autoimmune diabetes.
Apley KD, Bass LE, King J, Downes G, Wang K, Forchetti MV, Moore DJ, Kendall P, Bonami RH, Berkland CJ
Drug delivery and translational research 2025
Understanding Islet Autoantibodies in Prediction of Type 1 Diabetes
Jia X, Yu L
Journal of the Endocrine Society 2024
The immunology of type 1 diabetes.
Herold KC, Delong T, Perdigoto AL, Biru N, Brusko TM, Walker LSK
Nature reviews. Immunology 2024
Mechanism of Action of Oral Salmonella-Based Vaccine to Prevent and Reverse Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice
Cobb J, Rawson J, Gonzalez N, Singer M, Kandeel F, Husseiny MI
Human vaccines 2024
Factors Governing B Cell Recognition of Autoantigen and Function in Type 1 Diabetes.
Bass LE, Bonami RH
2024
Immune perturbations in human pancreas lymphatic tissues prior to and after type 1 diabetes onset.
Golden GJ, Wu VH, Hamilton JT, Amses KR, Shapiro MR, Japp AS, Liu C, Pampena MB, Kuri-Cervantes L, Knox JJ, Gardner JS, Atkinson MA, Brusko TM, Prak ETL, Kaestner KH, Naji A, Betts MR
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2024
Islet Autoantibody Standardization Program: interlaboratory comparison of insulin autoantibody assay performance in 2018 and 2020 workshops.
Marzinotto I, Pittman DL, Williams AJK, Long AE, Achenbach P, Schlosser M, Akolkar B, Winter WE, Lampasona V
Diabetologia 2023
Association of subclass distribution of insulin antibody with glucose control in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective observational study
Chen S, Chen H, Jiang Y, Zheng X, Zhang M, Yang T, Gu Y
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023
Changes in the gut microbiota of NOD mice in response to an oral Salmonella-based vaccine against type 1 diabetes
Cobb J, Soliman SS, Retuerto M, Quijano JC, Orr C, Ghannoum M, Kandeel F, Husseiny MI
PloS one 2023
The countdown to type 1 diabetes: when, how and why does the clock start?
Ziegler AG
Diabetologia 2023
Productive Germinal Center Responses Depend on the Nature of Stimuli Received by Anti-Insulin B Cells in Type 1 Diabetes-Prone Mice.
McNitt DH, Joosse BA, Thomas JW, Bonami RH
ImmunoHorizons 2023
From Disease and Patient Heterogeneity to Precision Medicine in Type 1 Diabetes
den Hollander NH, Roep BO
Frontiers in Medicine 2022
A classification and regression tree analysis identifies subgroups of childhood type 1 diabetes
Achenbach P, Hippich M, Zapardiel-Gonzalo J, Karges B, Holl RW, Petrera A, Bonifacio E, Ziegler AG
EBioMedicine 2022
High-Throughput Multiplex Electrochemiluminescence Assay Applicable to General Population Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease
He L, Jia X, Rasmussen CG, Waugh K, Miao D, Dong F, Frohnert B, Steck AK, Simmons KM, Rewers M, Yu L
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2022
A High-throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
Jia X, He L, Miao D, Zhang C, Rewers M, Yu L
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE 2022
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Much Progress, Many Opportunities
Alvin Powers
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2021
Oral insulin immunotherapy in children at risk for type 1 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial
R Assfalg, J Knoop, KL Hoffman, M Pfirrmann, JM Zapardiel-Gonzalo, A Hofelich, A Eugster, M Weigelt, C Matzke, J Reinhardt, Y Fuchs, M Bunk, A Weiss, M Hippich, K Halfter, SM Hauck, J Hasford, JF Petrosino, P Achenbach, E Bonifacio, AG Ziegler
Diabetologia 2021
The dark side of insulin: A primary autoantigen and instrument of self-destruction in type 1 diabetes
LC Harrison
Molecular Metabolism 2021
B Quiet: Autoantigen-Specific Strategies to Silence Raucous B Lymphocytes and Halt Cross-Talk with T Cells in Type 1 Diabetes
JL Felton, H Conway, RH Bonami
Biomedicines 2021
How benign autoimmunity becomes detrimental in type 1 diabetes
M von Herrath, E Bonifacio
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2021
100 Years of insulin: Lifesaver, immune target, and potential remedy for prevention
A Ziegler, T Danne, C Daniel, E Bonifacio
The American Journal of Medicine 2021
High-affinity ZnT8 Autoantibodies by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Improve Risk Prediction for Type 1 Diabetes
Jia X, He L, Miao D, Waugh K, Rasmussen CG, Dong F, Steck AK, Rewers M, Yu L
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2021
Novel compound heterozygous LRBA deletions in a 6-month-old with neonatal diabetes
Sanyoura M, Lundgrin EL, Subramanian HP, Yu M, Sodadasi P, Greeley SA, MacLeish S, del Gaudio D
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021
Retro-inverso D-peptides as a novel targeted immunotherapy for Type 1 diabetes
A Lombardi, E Concepcion, H Hou, H Arib, M Mezei, R Osman, Y Tomer
Journal of Autoimmunity 2020
Tracking of an Oral Salmonella-Based Vaccine for Type 1 Diabetes in Non-obese Diabetic Mice
JC Mbongue, A Alhoshani, J Rawson, PA Garcia, N Gonzalez, K Ferreri, F Kandeel, MI Husseiny
Frontiers in immunology 2020
Approach to the Patient with MODY-Monogenic Diabetes
Broome DT, Pantalone KM, Kashyap SR, Philipson LH
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2020
Introducing the Endotype Concept to Address the Challenge of Disease Heterogeneity in Type 1 Diabetes
M Battaglia, S Ahmed, MS Anderson, MA Atkinson, D Becker, PJ Bingley, E Bosi, TM Brusko, LA DiMeglio, C Evans-Molina, SE Gitelman, CJ Greenbaum, PA Gottlieb, KC Herold, MJ Hessner, M Knip, L Jacobsen, JP Krischer, SA Long, M Lundgren, EF McKinney, NG Morgan, RA Oram, T Pastinen, MC Peters, A Petrelli, X Qian, MJ Redondo, BO Roep, D Schatz, D Skibinski, M Peakman
Diabetes care 2019
Reversal of New Onset Type 1 Diabetes by Oral Salmonella-Based Combination Therapy and Mediated by Regulatory T-Cells in NOD Mice
JC Mbongue, J Rawson, PA Garcia, N Gonzalez, J Cobb, F Kandeel, K Ferreri, MI Husseiny
Frontiers in immunology 2019
Birth and coming of age of islet autoantibodies
E Bonifacio, P Achenbach
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2019
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Islet Autoantibodies Are Tools to Characterize Type 1 Diabetes in Arab Countries: Emphasis on Kuwait
M Jahromi, E Al-Ozairi
Disease Markers 2019
Oral insulin therapy for primary prevention of type 1 diabetes in infants with high genetic risk: the GPPAD-POInT (global platform for the prevention of autoimmune diabetes primary oral insulin trial) study protocol
Ziegler AG, Achenbach P, Berner R, Casteels K, Danne T, Gündert M, Hasford J, Hoffmann VS, Kordonouri O, Lange K, Elding Larsson H, Lundgren M, Snape MD, Szypowska A, Todd JA, Bonifacio E
BMJ Open 2019
Discrepancy of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody results between RSR radioimmunoassay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in patients with type 1 diabetes is related to autoantibody affinity
Kawasaki E, Okada A, Uchida A, Fukuyama T, Sagara Y, Nakano Y, Tamai H, Tojikubo M, Koga N
Journal of Diabetes Investigation 2019
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Detection by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identifies Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Poor Islet Function
Zhu Y, Qian L, Liu Q, Zou J, Zhou Y, Yang T, Huang G, Zhou Z, Liu Y
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal 2019
Anti-Insulin B Cells Are Poised for Antigen Presentation in Type 1 Diabetes
JL Felton, D Maseda, RH Bonami, C Hulbert, JW Thomas
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2018
Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes
L Yi, AC Swensen, WJ Qian
Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 2018
Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies
Y Gu, Z Zhao, D Miao, H High, T Yang, L Yu
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE 2018
Time-Resolved Autoantibody Profiling Facilitates Stratification of Preclinical Type 1 Diabetes in Children
D Endesfelder, W zu Castell, E Bonifacio, M Rewers, WA Hagopian, JX She, Å Lernmark, J Toppari, K Vehik, AJ Williams, L Yu, B Akolkar, JP Krischer, AG Ziegler, P Achenbach
Diabetes 2018
Class-switched anti-insulin antibodies originate from unconventional antigen presentation in multiple lymphoid sites
X Wan, JW Thomas, ER Unanue
Journal of Experimental Medicine 2016
Islet Autoantibodies
V Lampasona, D Liberati
Current Diabetes Reports 2016
Follicular Helper T (Tfh) Cells in Autoimmune Diseases and Allograft Rejection
YH Jeon, YS Choi
Immune Network 2016
A novel approach for the analysis of longitudinal profiles reveals delayed progression to type 1 diabetes in a subgroup of multiple-islet-autoantibody-positive children
D Endesfelder, M Hagen, C Winkler, F Haupt, S Zillmer, A Knopff, E Bonifacio, AG Ziegler, W Castell, P Achenbach
Diabetologia 2016
ELISA Test for Analyzing of Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes Autoantibodies (GAD and IA2) in Children and Adolescents
M DelicSarac, S Mutevelic, J Karamehic, S Saracevic, D Subasic, T Jukic, J Coric, O Ridjic, M Panjeta, L Zunic
Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : časopis Društva za medicinsku informatiku BiH 2016
Peptide serum markers in islet autoantibody-positive children
C von Toerne, M Laimighofer, P Achenbach, A Beyerlein, T de las Heras Gala, J Krumsiek, FJ Theis, AG Ziegler, SM Hauck
Diabetologia 2016
CD4 T cell differentiation in type 1 diabetes
LS Walker, M Herrath
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2015
Novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for autoimmune diabetes — A prime time to treat insulitis as a disease
J Grönholm, MJ Lenardo
Clinical Immunology 2015
Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) autoantibody epitope specificity and affinity examined with recombinant ZnT8 variant proteins in specific ZnT8R and ZnT8W autoantibody-positive type 1 diabetes patients: ZnT8 autoantibody epitopes and affinity
H Skärstrand, E Krupinska, TJ Haataja, F Vaziri-Sani, JO Lagerstedt, Å Lernmark
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2015
Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Insulin and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies Improve Prediction of Type 1 Diabetes Risk
D Miao, AK Steck, L Zhang, KM Guyer, L Jiang, T Armstrong, SM Muller, J Krischer, M Rewers, L Yu
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2015
Islet autoantibody phenotypes and incidence in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes
EZ Giannopoulou, C Winkler, R Chmiel, C Matzke, M Scholz, A Beyerlein, P Achenbach, E Bonifacio, AG Ziegler
Diabetologia 2015
Genes Affecting β-Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes
T Fløyel, S Kaur, F Pociot
Current Diabetes Reports 2015
Staging Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes: A Scientific Statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association
RA Insel, JL Dunne, MA Atkinson, JL Chiang, D Dabelea, PA Gottlieb, CJ Greenbaum, KC Herold, JP Krischer, Å Lernmark, RE Ratner, MJ Rewers, DA Schatz, JS Skyler, JM Sosenko, AG Ziegler
Diabetes care 2015
Metabolomics in childhood diabetes: Metabolomics in Childhood Diabetes
BI Frohnert, MJ Rewers
Pediatric Diabetes 2015
The implications of autoantibodies to a single islet antigen in relatives with normal glucose tolerance: development of other autoantibodies and progression to type 1 diabetes
PJ Bingley, DC Boulware, JP Krischer
Diabetologia 2015
MAS-1 adjuvant immunotherapy generates robust Th2 type and regulatory immune responses providing long-term protection from diabetes in late-stage pre-diabetic NOD mice
L Zhang, P Londono, L Yu, S Grimes, P Blackburn, P Gottlieb, GS Eisenbarth
Autoimmunity 2014
GAD autoantibody affinity in schoolchildren from the general population
C Bender, M Schlosser, U Christen, AG Ziegler, P Achenbach
Diabetologia 2014
Characteristics of rapid vs slow progression to type 1 diabetes in multiple islet autoantibody-positive children
P Achenbach, M Hummel, L Thümer, H Boerschmann, D Höfelmann, AG Ziegler
Diabetologia 2013
Increased Th22 cells are independently associated with Th17 cells in type 1 diabetes
X Xu, S Zheng, F Yang, Y Shi, Y Gu, H Chen, M Zhang, T Yang
Endocrine 2013
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled assessment of BMS-936558, a fully human monoclonal antibody to programmed death-1 (PD-1), in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
D Gardiner, J Lalezari, E Lawitz, M DiMicco, R Ghalib, KR Reddy, KM Chang, M Sulkowski, SO Marro, J Anderson, B He, V Kansra, F McPhee, M Wind-Rotolo, D Grasela, M Selby, AJ Korman, I Lowy
PloS one 2013
Risk factors and primary prevention trials for type 1 diabetes
YL Wu, YP Ding, J Gao, Y Tanaka, W Zhang
International journal of biological sciences 2013
Islet Autoantibody Testing: An End to the Trials and Tribulations?
PJ Bingley, AJ Williams
Diabetes 2013
GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
D Miao, KM Guyer, F Dong, L Jiang, AK Steck, M Rewers, GS Eisenbarth, L Yu
Diabetes 2013
Surface Plasmon Resonance Reveals a Different Pattern of Proinsulin Autoantibodies Concentration and Affinity in Diabetic Patients
A Trabucchi, LL Guerra, NI Faccinetti, RF Iacono, E Poskus, SN Valdez, G Pani
PloS one 2012
Etiopathogenesis of Insulin Autoimmunity
N Kanatsuna, GK Papadopoulos, AK Moustakas, A Lenmark
Anatomy Research International 2012
Islet autoantigens: structure, function, localization, and regulation
P Arvan, M Pietropaolo, D Ostrov, CJ Rhodes
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine 2012
Prevention of Type 1A Diabetes
GS Eisenbarth
Endocrine Practice 2012
High Affinity Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Antigens Are Associated with Protection from Malaria
SB Reddy, RF Anders, JG Beeson, A Färnert, F Kironde, SK Berenzon, M Wahlgren, S Linse, KE Persson
PloS one 2012
Extrapancreatic autoantibody profiles in type I diabetes
PD Burbelo, EE Lebovitz, KE Bren, A Bayat, S Paviol, JM Wenzlau, KJ Barriga, M Rewers, DM Harlan, MJ Iadarola
PloS one 2012
Circulating Preproinsulin Signal Peptide-Specific CD8 T Cells Restricted by the Susceptibility Molecule HLA-A24 Are Expanded at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes and Kill  -Cells
D Kronenberg, RR Knight, M Estorninho, RJ Ellis, MG Kester, A Ru, M Eichmann, GC Huang, J Powrie, CM Dayan, A Skowera, PA van Veelen, M Peakman
Diabetes 2012
The Core Cysteines, (C909) of Islet Antigen-2 and (C945) of Islet Antigen-2 , Are Crucial to Autoantibody Binding in Type 1 Diabetes
KT Elvers, I Geoghegan, DK Shoemark, V Lampasona, PJ Bingley, AJ Williams
Diabetes 2012
Serum titres of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 and anti-IA-2 autoantibodies are associated with different immunoregulatory milieu in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients: ICA and T1AD immunoregulatory milieu
MA Gabbay, MN Sato, AJ Duarte, SA Dib
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2012
Relapsing and Remitting Severe Hypoglycemia due to a Monoclonal Anti-insulin Antibody Heralding a Case of Multiple Myeloma
F Waldron-Lynch, SE Inzucchi, L Menard, N Tai, P Preston-Hurlburt, P Hui, J McClaskey, WA Hagopian, E Meffre, PW Marks, L Wen, KC Herold
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2012
Immune intervention in type 1 diabetes
AW Michels, GS Eisenbarth
Seminars in Immunology 2011
Insulin as a key autoantigen in the development of type 1 diabetes
M Nakayama
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 2011
Distinguishing persistent insulin autoantibodies with differential risk: nonradioactive bivalent proinsulin/insulin autoantibody assay
L Yu, D Miao, L Scrimgeour, K Johnson, M Rewers, GS Eisenbarth
Diabetes 2011
Impact of Intranasal Insulin on Insulin Antibody Affinity and Isotypes in Young Children With HLA-Conferred Susceptibility to Type 1 Diabetes
SJ Ryhanen, T Harkonen, H Siljander, K Nanto-Salonen, T Simell, H Hyoty, J Ilonen, R Veijola, O Simell, M Knip
Diabetes care 2011
Anti-Islet Autoantibodies Trigger Autoimmune Diabetes in the Presence of an Increased Frequency of Islet-Reactive CD4 T Cells
DG Silva, SR Daley, J Hogan, SK Lee, CE Teh, DY Hu, KP Lam, CC Goodnow, CG Vinuesa
Diabetes 2011
Evidence That Nasal Insulin Induces Immune Tolerance to Insulin in Adults With Autoimmune Diabetes
S Fourlanos, C Perry, SA Gellert, E Martinuzzi, R Mallone, J Butler, PG Colman, LC Harrison
Diabetes 2011
Rituximab Selectively Suppresses Specific Islet Antibodies
L Yu, K Herold, H Krause-Steinrauf, PL McGee, B Bundy, A Pugliese, J Krischer, GS Eisenbarth
Diabetes 2011
Insulin autoantibodies with high affinity to the bovine milk protein alpha casein: Casein-reactive insulin autoantibodies
K Adler, DB Mueller, P Achenbach, S Krause, AK Heninger, AG Ziegler, E Bonifacio
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2011
Age- and Islet Autoimmunity-Associated Differences in Amino Acid and Lipid Metabolites in Children at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
M Pflueger, T Seppanen-Laakso, T Suortti, T Hyotylainen, P Achenbach, E Bonifacio, M Oresic, AG Ziegler
Diabetes 2011
‘Insulin autoantibody affinity measurement using a single concentration of unlabelled insulin competitor discriminates risk in relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes: Surrogate measurement of IAA affinity
RM Curnock, CR Reed, S Rokni, JW Broadhurst, PJ Bingley, AJ Williams
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2011
The anti-insulin trimolecular complex in type 1 diabetes
AW Michels, M Nakayama
Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity 2010
Virtual Optimization of Nasal Insulin Therapy Predicts Immunization Frequency to Be Crucial for Diabetes Protection
G Fousteri, JR Chan, Y Zheng, C Whiting, A Dave, D Bresson, M Croft, M Herrath
Diabetes 2010
Banting Lecture 2009: An Unfinished Journey: Molecular Pathogenesis to Prevention of Type 1A Diabetes
GS Eisenbarth
Diabetes 2010
Prediction and pathogenesis in type 1 diabetes
AG Ziegler, GT Nepom
Immunity 2010
Pulmonary surfactant: an immunological perspective
ZC Chroneos, Z Sever-Chroneos, VL Shepherd
Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 2009
Thymus-specific deletion of insulin induces autoimmune diabetes
Y Fan, WA Rudert, M Grupillo, J He, G Sisino, M Trucco
The EMBO Journal 2009
The A-chain of insulin is a hot-spot for CD4+ T cell epitopes in human type 1 diabetes
SI Mannering, SH Pang, NA Williamson, G Naselli, EC Reynolds, NM O'Brien-Simpson, AW Purcell, LC Harrison
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2009
Murine High Specificity/Sensitivity Competitive Europium Insulin Autoantibody Assay
N Babaya, E Liu, DM Miao, M Li, L Yu, GS Eisenbarth
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2009
Pancreatic Islet Autoantibodies as Predictors of Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1
T Orban, JM Sosenko, D Cuthbertson, JP Krischer, JS Skyler, R Jackson, L Yu, JP Palmer, D Schatz, G Eisenbarth
Diabetes care 2009
Autoantibodies to zinc transporter 8 and SLC30A8 genotype stratify type 1 diabetes risk
P Achenbach, V Lampasona, U Landherr, K Koczwara, S Krause, H Grallert, C Winkler, M Pflüger, T Illig, E Bonifacio, AG Ziegler
Diabetologia 2009
Etiopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus: prognostic factors for the evolution of residual β cell function
SA Dib, MB Gomes
Diabetology & metabolic syndrome 2009
Advances in Immunology
S Calpe, N Wang, X Romero, SB Berger, A Lanyi, P Engel, C Terhorst
Advances in immunology 2008
Insulin as an autoantigen in NOD/human diabetes
L Zhang, M Nakayama, GS Eisenbarth
Current Opinion in Immunology 2008
Modulating the natural history of type 1 diabetes in children at high genetic risk by mucosal insulin immunization
P Achenbach, J Barker, E Bonifacio
Current Diabetes Reports 2008
Dysregulation of lipid and amino acid metabolism precedes islet autoimmunity in children who later progress to type 1 diabetes
M Oresic, S Simell, M Sysi-Aho, K Näntö-Salonen, T Seppänen-Laakso, V Parikka, M Katajamaa, A Hekkala, I Mattila, P Keskinen, L Yetukuri, A Reinikainen, J Lähde, T Suortti, J Hakalax, T Simell, H Hyöty, R Veijola, J Ilonen, R Lahesmaa, M Knip, O Simell
Journal of Experimental Medicine 2008
Autoantibodies to IA-2β improve diabetes risk assessment in high-risk relatives
P Achenbach, E Bonifacio, AJ Williams, AG Ziegler, EA Gale, PJ Bingley
Diabetologia 2008
Latent (slowly progressing) autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Seissler J
Current Diabetes Reports 2008
Affinity maturation of immunoglobulin A anti-tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies during development of coeliac disease
A Westerlund, M Ankelo, S Simell, J Ilonen, M Knip, O Simell, AE Hinkkanen
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2007
Effect of oral insulin on insulin autoantibody levels in the Diabetes Prevention Trial Type 1 oral insulin study
JM Barker, KK McFann, T Orban
Diabetologia 2007
Accepting clocks that tell time poorly: Fluid-phase versus standard ELISA autoantibody assays
E Liu, GS Eisenbarth
Clinical Immunology 2007
Dendritic cell–expanded, islet-specific CD4 + CD25 + CD62L + regulatory T cells restore normoglycemia in diabetic NOD mice
KV Tarbell, L Petit, X Zuo, P Toy, X Luo, A Mqadmi, H Yang, M Suthanthiran, S Mojsov, RM Steinman
Journal of Experimental Medicine 2007
Longitudinal epitope analysis of insulin-binding antibodies in type 1 diabetes
TR Hall, JW Thomas, CJ Padoa, C Torn, M Landin-Olsson, E Ortqvist, CS Hampe
Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2006
Type 1 diabetes risk assessment: improvement by follow-up measurements in young islet autoantibody-positive relatives
P Achenbach, K Warncke, J Reiter, AJ Williams, AG Ziegler, PJ Bingley, E Bonifacio
Diabetologia 2006
Extreme genetic risk for type 1A diabetes
TA Aly, A Ide, MM Jahromi, JM Barker, MS Fernando, SR Babu, L Yu, D Miao, HA Erlich, PR Fain, KJ Barriga, JM Norris, MJ Rewers, GS Eisenbarth
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2006
Progression to type 1 diabetes in islet cell antibody-positive relatives in the European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial: the role of additional immune, genetic and metabolic markers of risk
PJ Bingley, EA Gale
Diabetologia 2006
The insulin A-chain epitope recognized by human T cells is posttranslationally modified
SI Mannering, LC Harrison, NA Williamson, JS Morris, DJ Thearle, KP Jensen, TW Kay, J Rossjohn, BA Falk, GT Nepom, AW Purcell
Journal of Experimental Medicine 2005
Predicting type 1 diabetes
P Achenbach, E Bonifacio, AG Ziegler
Current Diabetes Reports 2005
In insulin-autoantibody-positive children from the general population, antibody affinity identifies those at high and low risk
M Schlosser, K Koczwara, H Kenk, M Strebelow, I Rjasanowski, R Wassmuth, P Achenbach, AG Ziegler, E Bonifacio
Diabetologia 2005
Modulating the autoimmune response in type 1 diabetes: a report on the 64th scientific sessions of the ADA, June 2004, Orlando, FL, USA
P Achenbach, M Füchtenbusch
The review of diabetic studies : RDS 2004

← Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next →

Advertisement

Copyright © 2025 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

Sign up for email alerts

Picked up by 1 news outlets
Posted by 1 X users
Referenced in 1 patents
Referenced in 1 clinical guideline sources
24 readers on Mendeley
See more details