Go to JCI Insight
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Publication ethics
  • Publication alerts by email
  • Advertising
  • Job board
  • Contact
  • Clinical Research and Public Health
  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • By specialty
    • COVID-19
    • Cardiology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Metabolism
    • Nephrology
    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Pulmonology
    • Vascular biology
    • All ...
  • Videos
    • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
    • Video Abstracts
  • Reviews
    • View all reviews ...
    • Pancreatic Cancer (Jul 2025)
    • Complement Biology and Therapeutics (May 2025)
    • Evolving insights into MASLD and MASH pathogenesis and treatment (Apr 2025)
    • Microbiome in Health and Disease (Feb 2025)
    • Substance Use Disorders (Oct 2024)
    • Clonal Hematopoiesis (Oct 2024)
    • Sex Differences in Medicine (Sep 2024)
    • View all review series ...
  • Viewpoint
  • Collections
    • In-Press Preview
    • Clinical Research and Public Health
    • Research Letters
    • Letters to the Editor
    • Editorials
    • Commentaries
    • Editor's notes
    • Reviews
    • Viewpoints
    • 100th anniversary
    • Top read articles

  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • Specialties
  • Reviews
  • Review series
  • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
  • Video Abstracts
  • In-Press Preview
  • Clinical Research and Public Health
  • Research Letters
  • Letters to the Editor
  • Editorials
  • Commentaries
  • Editor's notes
  • Reviews
  • Viewpoints
  • 100th anniversary
  • Top read articles
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Publication ethics
  • Publication alerts by email
  • Advertising
  • Job board
  • Contact
Noncanonical WNT5A controls the activation of latent TGF-β to drive fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis
Thuong Trinh-Minh, … , Georg Schett, Jörg H.W. Distler
Thuong Trinh-Minh, … , Georg Schett, Jörg H.W. Distler
Published May 15, 2024
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2024;134(10):e159884. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI159884.
View: Text | PDF
Research Article Dermatology Pulmonology Article has an altmetric score of 5

Noncanonical WNT5A controls the activation of latent TGF-β to drive fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis

  • Text
  • PDF
Abstract

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling is a core pathway of fibrosis, but the molecular regulation of the activation of latent TGF-β remains incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate a crucial role of WNT5A/JNK/ROCK signaling that rapidly coordinates the activation of latent TGF-β in fibrotic diseases. WNT5A was identified as a predominant noncanonical WNT ligand in fibrotic diseases such as systemic sclerosis, sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, stimulating fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and tissue fibrosis by activation of latent TGF-β. The activation of latent TGF-β requires rapid JNK- and ROCK-dependent cytoskeletal rearrangements and integrin αV (ITGAV). Conditional ablation of WNT5A or its downstream targets prevented activation of latent TGF-β, rebalanced TGF-β signaling, and ameliorated experimental fibrosis. We thus uncovered what we believe to be a novel mechanism for the aberrant activation of latent TGF-β in fibrotic diseases and provided evidence for targeting WNT5A/JNK/ROCK signaling in fibrotic diseases as a new therapeutic approach.

Authors

Thuong Trinh-Minh, Chih-Wei Chen, Cuong Tran Manh, Yi-Nan Li, Honglin Zhu, Xiang Zhou, Debomita Chakraborty, Yun Zhang, Simon Rauber, Clara Dees, Neng-Yu Lin, Delf Kah, Richard Gerum, Christina Bergmann, Alexander Kreuter, Christiane Reuter, Florian Groeber-Becker, Beate Eckes, Oliver Distler, Ben Fabry, Andreas Ramming, Alexandra Schambony, Georg Schett, Jörg H.W. Distler

×

Figure 5

WNT5A -induced activation of latent TGF-β requires Integrin αV.

Options: View larger image (or click on image) Download as PowerPoint
WNT5A -induced activation of latent TGF-β requires Integrin αV.
(A) Repr...
(A) Representative confocal IF images of ITGAV clusters in dermal fibroblasts incubated with or without WNT5A (n = 4 for each group). (B) Representative Western blots of P-PAXILLIN, PAXILLIN, P-TALIN and TALIN (n = 3 for each group). (C) Representative confocal images, z-stack reconstructions, and Venn diagrams showing colocalization of LAP with ITGAV and P-PAXILLIN, and 3 -dimensional scatter plots showing the distribution of each marker at each localization (n ≥ 10 for each group); schematic overview of the experimental conditions and areas of assessment. Pearson’s r is the Pearson’s correlation coefficient between LAP-ITGAV and P-PAXILLIN voxel intensities. M1 and M2 representing for Manders’ split coefficients. (D) Schematic illustration of the experiment for measuring the rupture force with magnetic tweezers. (E) Violin plots showing the force required to rupture magnetic beads coupled with peptides containing the RGD domain of LAP-TGF-β1 (RRGDLATISPASSKGGGGSRLLLLLLR) from the cell surface of dermal fibroblasts incubated with WNT5A with or without ITGAV inhibitor (ITGAVi) (n ≥ 50 for each group). (F) Levels of active TGF-β in the cell culture supernatant of dermal fibroblasts incubated with WNT5A with or without ITGAVi (n = 6 for each group). (G) Representative Western blots of P-SMAD3 in dermal fibroblasts stimulated by WNT5A with and without the ITGAVi (n = 3 for each group). The black thin vertical lines were drawn to separate noncontiguous lanes. (H) Representative Trichrome stainings and (I) Quantification of the dermal thickness, the hydroxyproline content, myofibroblast counts, and active TGF-β in the skin tissue of WNT5A-induced skin fibrosis mice treated with or without ITGAVi (n = 5 for each group). Results are shown as median ± IQR. The statistical significance was determined by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Adv, Adenovirus.

Copyright © 2025 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

Sign up for email alerts

Posted by 9 X users
23 readers on Mendeley
See more details