Immunization with BMDCs loaded with tumor antigen containing–ICs provides long-lasting and potent tumor immunity. (a) Prevention. Antigen-pulsed DCs (1 × 10⁶ cells per mouse) were administered intravenously to naive WT mice (n = 25 per group). One week later, 2 × 10⁵ MO-4 cells were injected subcutaneously and mice were monitored for the development of palpable tumor. No protection was provided by immunization with OVA-loaded BMDCs; 24 of 25 mice developed tumors. Near-complete protection was seen after immunization with OVA/IC–loaded BMDCs (only 1 of 25 mice developed tumors). (b) Treatment. 2 × 10⁵ MO-4 cells were injected subcutaneously; 1 week later, antigen-pulsed DCs (1 × 10⁶ cells per mouse) were administered intravenously to naive WT mice (n = 10 per group). (c) Recall response. Six months after intravenous immunization with antigen-pulsed BMDCs, WT mice (n = 5) were challenged subcutaneously with 2 × 10⁵ MO-4 cells. No protection was provided by immunization with OVA-loaded BMDCs, but mice were fully protected 6 months after immunization with OVA/IC–loaded BMDCs. No significant differences in tumor protection were found between mice immunized with BMDCs alone and with BMDCs loaded with soluble OVA; for simplicity, the BMDC-alone group is not presented.