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Citations to this article

Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase in transgenic mice leads to insulin resistance.
L F Hebert Jr, … , A D Baron, D A McClain
L F Hebert Jr, … , A D Baron, D A McClain
Published August 15, 1996
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 1996;98(4):930-936. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI118876.
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Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase in transgenic mice leads to insulin resistance.

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Abstract

The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway has been hypothesized to be involved in mediating some of the toxic effects of hyperglycemia. Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA), the first and rate limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, was overexpressed in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of transgenic mice. A 2.4-fold increase of GFA activity in muscle of the transgenic mice led to weight-dependent hyperinsulinemia in random-fed mice. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique confirmed that transgenic mice develop insulin resistance, with a glucose disposal rate of 68.5 +/- 3.5 compared with 129.4 +/- 9.4 mg/kg per min (P < 0.001) for littermate controls. The decrease in the glucose disposal rate of the transgenic mice is accompanied by decreased protein but not mRNA levels of the insulin-stimulated glucose transporter (GLUT4). These data support the hypothesis that excessive flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway mediates adverse regulatory and metabolic effects of hyperglycemia, specifically insulin resistance of glucose disposal. These mice can serve as a model system to study the mechanism for the regulation of glucose homeostasis by hexosamines.

Authors

L F Hebert Jr, M C Daniels, J Zhou, E D Crook, R L Turner, S T Simmons, J L Neidigh, J S Zhu, A D Baron, D A McClain

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Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of a diabetes susceptibility locus: oga-1 (O-GlcNAcase) knockout impacts O-GlcNAc cycling, metabolism, and dauer
ME Forsythe, DC Love, BD Lazarus, EJ Kim, WA Prinz, G Ashwell, MW Krause, JA Hanover
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2006
Mechanisms linking diabetes mellitus to the development of atherosclerosis: a role for endoplasmic reticulum stress and glycogen synthase kinase-3This paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled Young Investigator's Forum
LA Robertson, AJ Kim, GH Werstuck
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2006
Effects of oral glucosamine sulphate on serum glucose and insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test of subjects with osteoarthritis
BA Biggee, CM Blinn, M Nuite, JE Silbert, TE McAlindon
Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2006
Glycomics investigation into insulin action
S Parry, D Hadaschik, C Blancher, MK Kumaran, N Bochkina, HR Morris, S Richardson, TJ Aitman, D Gauguier, K Siddle, J Scott, A Dell
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 2006
Effect of +36T>C in intron 1 on the glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 gene and its contribution to type 2 diabetes in different populations
K Kunika, T Tanahashi, E Kudo, N Mizusawa, E Ichiishi, N Nakamura, T Yoshikawa, T Yamaoka, H Yasumo, K Tsugawa, M Moritani, H Inoue, M Itakura
Journal of Human Genetics 2006
Construction, purification, and functional characterization of His-tagged Candida albicans glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase expressed in Escherichia coli
J Olchowy, K Kur, P Sachadyn, S Milewski
Protein Expression and Purification 2006
Hexosamines regulate sensitivity of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in β-cells
RC Cooksey, S Pusuluri, M Hazel, DA McClain
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 2006
Elevation of the post-translational modification of proteins by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine leads to deterioration of the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas of diabetic Goto–Kakizaki rats
Y Akimoto, GW Hart, L Wells, K Vosseller, K Yamamoto, E Munetomo, M Ohara-Imaizumi, C Nishiwaki, S Nagamatsu, H Hirano, H Kawakami
Glycobiology 2006
The Diabetic Kidney
P Cortes, CE Mogensen
2006
Hyperglycemia and glucosamine-induced mesangial cell cycle arrest and hypertrophy: Common or independent mechanisms?
E Masson, M Lagarde, N Wiernsperger, SE Bawab
IUBMB Life 2006
Acute glucosamine-induced insulin resistance in muscle in vivo is associated with impaired capillary recruitment
MG Wallis, ME Smith, CM Kolka, L Zhang, SM Richards, S Rattigan, MG Clark
Diabetologia 2005
Transgenic animal models for the study of adipose tissue biology
M Blüher
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2005
Relationship between protein O-linked glycosylation and insulin-stimulated glucose transport in rat skeletal muscle following calorie restriction or exposure to O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosylidene)amino-N-phenylcarbamate
EB Arias, GD Cartee
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 2005
Elevated Post-Translational Modification of Proteins by O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine in Various Tissues of Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats Accompanied by Diabetic Complications
Y Akimoto, K Yamamoto, E Munetomo, L Wells, K Vosseller, GW Hart, H Kawakami, H Hirano
ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA 2005
Glucosamine induces cell-cycle arrest and hypertrophy of mesangial cells: implication of gangliosides
E Masson, N Wiernsperger, M Lagarde, SE Bawab
Biochemical Journal 2005
Glucosamine induces rapid desensitization of glucose transport in isolated adipocytes by increasing GlcN-6-P levels
S Marshall, K Yamasaki, R Okuyama
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2005
The Hexosamine Signaling Pathway: Deciphering the "O-GlcNAc Code"
DC Love, JA Hanover
Science signaling 2005
Turnover and characterization of UDP-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase in a stably transfected HeLa cell line
S Marshall, R Okuyama, JM Rumberger
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2005
Partial characterisation of the human GFAT promoter: Effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms on promoter function
D Burt, K Brodbeck, HU Häring, ED Schleicher, C Weigert
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease 2005
Adipocytes with increased hexosamine flux exhibit insulin resistance, increased glucose uptake, and increased synthesis and storage of lipid
DA McClain, M Hazel, G Parker, RC Cooksey
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 2005
Increased serum leptin protects from adiposity despite the increased glucose uptake in white adipose tissue in mice lacking p85alpha phosphoinositide 3-kinase
Y Terauchi, J Matsui, J Kamon, T Yamauchi, N Kubota, K Komeda, S Aizawa, Y Akanuma, M Tomita, T Kadowaki
Diabetes 2004
The Cellular Fate of Glucose and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes
C Bouché, S Serdy, CR Kahn, AB Goldfine
Endocrine reviews 2004
Activation of the Hexosamine Signaling Pathway in Adipose Tissue Results in Decreased Serum Adiponectin and Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance
M Hazel, RC Cooksey, D Jones, G Parker, JL Neidigh, B Witherbee, EA Gulve, DA McClain
Endocrinology 2004
Chemistry and Biochemistry of Type 2 Diabetes
SA Ross, EA Gulve, M Wang
Chemical Reviews 2004
Hexosamines Are Unlikely to Function as a Nutrient-Sensor in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes: A Comparison of UDP-Hexosamine Levels after Increased Glucose Flux and Glucosamine Treatment
RR Bosch, MJ Pouwels, PN Span, AJ Olthaar, CJ Tack, AR Hermus, CG Sweep
Endocrine 2004
Glucosamine-induced insulin resistance in L6 muscle cells
CJ Bailey, SL Turner
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 2004
Molecular screening of the human glutamine–fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFPT1) gene and association studies with diabetes and diabetic nephropathy
SC Elbein, H Zheng, Y Jia, W Chu, JJ Cooper, T Hale, Z Zhang
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 2004
A simple and sensitive method for glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase assay
F Ye, H Maegawa, K Morino, A Kashiwagi, R Kikkawa, M Xie, Z Shen
Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 2004
Nutrient sensing and metabolic decisions
JE Lindsley, J Rutter
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2004
Prolonged incubation in PUGNAc results in increased protein O-Linked glycosylation and insulin resistance in rat skeletal muscle
Edward B Arias, Junghoon Kim, Gregory D Cartee
Diabetes 2004
Hyperglycemia and Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase in Streptozotocin-treated Mice: ROLE OF O -LINKED N -ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE
G Parker, R Taylor, D Jones, D McClain
The Journal of biological chemistry 2004
Hexosamines and TGF-β 1 use similar signaling pathways to mediate matrix protein synthesis in mesangial cells
LP Singh, K Green, M Alexander, S Bassly, ED Crook
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 2004
Involvement of gangliosides in glucosamine-induced proliferation decrease of retinal pericytes
E Masson, N Wiernsperger, M Lagarde, SE Bawab
Glycobiology 2004
Cardiovascular Pharmacogenetics
MR Wilkins
2004
Increased O ‐glycosylation of insulin signaling proteins results in their impaired activation and enhanced susceptibility to apoptosis in pancreatic β‐cells
C D'Alessandris, F Andreozzi, M Federici, M Cardellini, A Brunetti, M Ranalli, SD Guerra, D Lauro, SD Prato, P Marchetti, R Lauro, G Sesti
The FASEB Journal 2004
Mitochondrial and nucleocytoplasmic targeting of O-linked GlcNAc transferase
DC Love, J Kochran, RL Cathey, SH Shin, JA Hanover
Journal of cell science 2003
International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus
RA DeFronzo, L Mandarino, E Ferrannini
International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus 2003
The effect of hyperglycaemia on glucose disposal and insulin signal transduction in skeletal muscle
JR Zierath, Y Kawano
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2003
The transcription factor PDX-1 is post-translationally modified by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine and this modification is correlated with its DNA binding activity and insulin secretion in min6 β-cells
Y Gao, JI Miyazaki, GW Hart
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2003
Overexpression of the complementary DNA for human glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase in mesangial cells enhances glucose-induced fibronectin synthesis and transcription factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element binding phosphorylation
Lalit P Singh, Michelle Alexander, Kenneith Greene, Errol D Crook
Journal of Investigative Medicine 2003
Palmitate-induced activation of the hexosamine pathway in human myotubes: increased expression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase
Cora Weigert, Karsten Klopfer, Christiana Kausch, Katrin Brodbeck, Michael Stumvoll, Hans U Häring, Erwin D Schleicher
Diabetes 2003
N -acetylcysteine and taurine prevent hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in vivo: possible role of oxidative stress
CA Haber, TK Lam, Z Yu, N Gupta, T Goh, E Bogdanovic, A Giacca, IG Fantus
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 2003
Glucosamine and glucose induce insulin resistance by different mechanisms in rat skeletal muscle
DH Han, MM Chen, JO Holloszy
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 2003
Progress in Drug Research
H Wu, EJ Lien, LL Lien, RM Schultz, VJ Ram, E Domingo, P Spence, SP Gupta, SP Bhat, EC Villarreal, E Jucker
2003
Pharmacological Agents That Directly Modulate Insulin Secretion
ME Doyle, JM Egan
Pharmacological reviews 2003
Plasma Leptin and Exercise: Recent Findings
MW Hulver, JA Houmard
Sports Medicine 2003
Exploring Levels of Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway Intermediates and Protein Kinase C Isoforms in Muscle and Fat Tissue of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats
RR Bosch, SW Janssen, PN Span, AJ Olthaar, SE van Emst-de Vries, PH Willems, GJ Martens, AR Hermus, CG Sweep
Endocrine 2003
Altered glycan-dependent signaling induces insulin resistance and hyperleptinemia
DA McClain, WA Lubas, RC Cooksey, M Hazel, GJ Parker, DC Love, JA Hanover
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2002
Oxidative Stress and Stress-Activated Signaling Pathways: A Unifying Hypothesis of Type 2 Diabetes
JL Evans, ID Goldfine, BA Maddux, GM Grodsky
Endocrine reviews 2002
Hyperglycemia induces PAI-1 gene expression in adipose tissue by activation of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway
I Gabriely, XM Yang, JA Cases, XH Ma, L Rossetti, N Barzilai
Atherosclerosis 2002
The hexosamine signaling pathway: a new road to drug discovery
S Marshall
Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes 2002
Transgenic Mice Overexpressing the Rate-Limiting Enzyme for Hexosamine Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle or Adipose Tissue Exhibit Total Body Insulin Resistance
RC Cooksey, DO McCLAIN
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2002
Elevated nucleocytoplasmic glycosylation by O-GlcNAc results in insulin resistance associated with defects in Akt activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
K Vosseller, L Wells, MD Lane, GW Hart
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2002
Hexosamines as mediators of nutrient sensing and regulation in diabetes
DA McClain
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 2002
Protein glycosylation: nature, distribution, enzymatic formation, and disease implications of glycopeptide bonds
RG Spiro
Glycobiology 2002
Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase—the multi-facets enzyme
S Milewski
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology 2002
GLUT2 is a high affinity glucosamine transporter
M Uldry, M Ibberson, M Hosokawa, B Thorens
FEBS Letters 2002
Insulin Resistance and Insulin Resistance Syndrome
A Cincotta
Insulin Resistance and Insulin Resistance Syndrome 2002
Intracellular glycosylation and development
N O'Donnell
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 2002
Flux Through the Hexosamine Pathway Is a Determinant of Nuclear Factor  B- Dependent Promoter Activation
LR James, D Tang, A Ingram, H Ly, K Thai, L Cai, JW Scholey
Diabetes 2002
Enhanced O -GlcNAc protein modification is associated with insulin resistance in GLUT1-overexpressing muscles
MG Buse, KA Robinson, BA Marshall, RC Hresko, MM Mueckler
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 2002
Involvement of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase in Oxidative Stress-mediated Suppression of Insulin Gene Expression
H Kaneto, G Xu, N Fujii, S Kim, S Bonner-Weir, GC Weir
The Journal of biological chemistry 2002
Kinetic Characterization of Human Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate Amidotransferase I: POTENT FEEDBACK INHIBITION BY GLUCOSAMINE 6-PHOSPHATE
KO Broschat, C Gorka, JD Page, CL Martin-Berger, MS Davies, H Huang, EA Gulve, WJ Salsgiver, TP Kasten
The Journal of biological chemistry 2002
Drug Discovery and Evaluation
HG Vogel, WH Vogel, BA Schölkens, J Sandow, G Müller, WF Vogel
2002
Understanding adipose tissue development from transgenic animal models
P Valet, G Tavernier, I Castan-Laurell, JS Saulnier-Blache, D Langin
Journal of lipid research 2002
Glucosamine enhances platelet-derived growth factor-induced DNA synthesis via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in rat aortic smooth muscle cells
A Sato, T Sasaoka, K Yamazaki, N Nakamura, R Temaru, M Ishiki, M Takata, M Kishida, T Wada, H Ishihara
Atherosclerosis 2001
Hexosamines as mediators of nutrient sensing: relevance to obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes
DA McClain
Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes 2001
Glutamine metabolism to glucosamine is necessary for glutamine inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis
G Wu, TE Haynes, H Li, W Yan, CJ Meininger
Biochemical Journal 2001
Glucose-induced insulin resistance of phosphatidylinositol 3′-OH kinase and AKT/PKB is mediated by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway
LP Singh, D Gennerette, S Simmons, ED Crook
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 2001
Hyperglycemia and the O-GlcNAc Transferase in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells: Elevated Expression and Altered Patterns of O-GlcNAcylation
Y Akimoto, LK Kreppel, H Hirano, GW Hart
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2001
A Novel Variant of Glutamine: Fructose-6-Phosphate Amidotransferase-1 (GFAT1) mRNA Is Selectively Expressed in Striated Muscle
JE DeHaven, KA Robinson, BA Nelson, MG Buse
Diabetes 2001
Free Fatty Acids Induce Peripheral Insulin Resistance Without Increasing Muscle Hexosamine Pathway Product Levels in Rats
CS Choi, FN Lee, JH Youn
Diabetes 2001
Hexosamine-Induced Fibronectin Protein Synthesis in Mesangial Cells Is Associated With Increases in cAMP Responsive Element Binding (CREB) Phosphorylation and Nuclear CREB: The Involvement of Protein Kinases A and C
LP Singh, J Andy, V Anyamale, K Greene, M Alexander, ED Crook
Diabetes 2001
Overfeeding rapidly induces leptin and insulin resistance
J Wang, S Obici, K Morgan, N Barzilai, Z Feng, L Rossetti
Diabetes 2001
Insulin Control of Glycogen Metabolism in Knockout Mice Lacking the Muscle-Specific Protein Phosphatase PP1G/RGL
Y Suzuki, C Lanner, JH Kim, PG Vilardo, H Zhang, J Yang, LD Cooper, M Steele, A Kennedy, CB Bock, A Scrimgeour, JC Lawrence, AA DePaoli-Roach
Molecular and cellular biology 2001
Development of Glucose-induced Insulin Resistance in Muscle Requires Protein Synthesis
K Kawanaka, DH Han, J Gao, LA Nolte, JO Holloszy
The Journal of biological chemistry 2001
Dynamic O -Glycosylation of Nuclear and Cytosolic Proteins: CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEUTRAL, CYTOSOLIC β- N -ACETYLGLUCOSAMINIDASE FROM HUMAN BRAIN
Y Gao, L Wells, FI Comer, GJ Parker, GW Hart
The Journal of biological chemistry 2001
Angiotensin II activates the GFAT promoter in mesangial cells
LR James, A Ingram, H Ly, K Thai, L Cai, JW Scholey
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 2001
Genetics of Diabetes Mellitus
WL Lowe
2001
Assay for Hexosamine Pathway Intermediates (Uridine Diphosphate-N-Acetyl Amino Sugars) in Small Samples of Human Muscle Tissue
PN Span, MJ Pouwels, AJ Olthaar, RR Bosch, AR Hermus, CG Sweep
Clinical chemistry 2001
Regulation of Glucose Transporters - Implications for Insulin Resistance States
A Tirosh, A Rudich, N Bashan
Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2000
Simultaneous, quantitative analysis of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose in human peripheral blood cells, muscle biopsies and cultured mesangial cells by capillary zone electrophoresis
R Lehmann, M Huber, A Beck, T Schindera, T Rinkler, B Houdali, C Weigert, HU Häring, W Voelter, ED Schleicher
Electrophoresis 2000
Glucosamine Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthesis
CJ Meininger, KA Kelly, H Li, TE Haynes, G Wu
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2000
Development and Comparison of Two 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Models of Insulin Resistance: Increased Glucose Flux vs Glucosamine Treatment
SA Ross, X Chen, HR Hope, S Sun, EG McMahon, K Broschat, EA Gulve
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2000
Cloning and characterization of mouse glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 2 gene promoter
K Yamazaki, Y Mizui, T Oki, M Okada, I Tanaka
Gene 2000
Purification and Characterization of Glutamine:Fructose 6-Phosphate Amidotransferase from Rat Liver
QK Huynh, EA Gulve, T Dian
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2000
Streptozotocin-Induced β-Cell Death Is Independent of Its Inhibition of O-GlcNAcase in Pancreatic Min6 Cells
Y Gao, GJ Parker, GW Hart
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2000
Structure of O-Linked GlcNAc Transferase: Mediator of Glycan-Dependent Signaling
MD Roos, JA Hanover
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2000
Application of liquid chromatography–nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the identification of natural products
SC Bobzin, S Yang, TP Kasten
Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications 2000
Effects of Insulin on Prenylation as a Mechanism of Potentially Detrimental Influence of Hyperinsulinemia 1
B Draznin, P Miles, Y Kruszynska, J Olefsky, J Friedman, I Golovchenko, R Stjernholm, K Wall, M Reitman, D Accili, R Cooksey, D McClain, M Goalstone
Endocrinology 2000
Transcriptional Regulation of Transforming Growth Factor β1 by Glucose: Investigation into the Role of the Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway
MC Daniels, DA McClain, ED Crook
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences 2000
Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1 Is Regulated by Glucose at the Transcriptional Level
AH Hasty, H Shimano, N Yahagi, M Amemiya-Kudo, S Perrey, T Yoshikawa, J Osuga, H Okazaki, Y Tamura, Y Iizuka, F Shionoiri, K Ohashi, K Harada, T Gotoda, R Nagai, S Ishibashi, N Yamada
The Journal of biological chemistry 2000
Lower calorie intake enhances muscle insulin action and reduces hexosamine levels
AC Gazdag, TJ Wetter, RT Davidson, KA Robinson, MG Buse, AJ Yee, LP Turcotte, GD Cartee
American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 2000
Hexosamine regulation of glucose-mediated laminin synthesis in mesangial cells involves protein kinases A and C
LP Singh, ED Crook
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 2000
Glucosamine-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
E Heart, WS Choi, CK Sung
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 2000
O -Glycosylation of Nuclear and Cytosolic Proteins: DYNAMIC INTERPLAY BETWEEN O- GlcNAc AND O- PHOSPHATE
FI Comer, GW Hart
The Journal of biological chemistry 2000
Functional Expression of O -linked GlcNAc Transferase: DOMAIN STRUCTURE AND SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY
WA Lubas, JA Hanover
The Journal of biological chemistry 2000
Overexpression of GFAT activates PAI-1 promoter in mesangial cells
LR James, IG Fantus, H Goldberg, H Ly, JW Scholey
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 2000
Phosphorylation of Human Glutamine:Fructose-6-phosphate Amidotransferase by cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase at Serine 205 Blocks the Enzyme Activity
Q Chang, K Su, JR Baker, X Yang, AJ Paterson, JE Kudlow
The Journal of biological chemistry 2000
Transcriptional Regulation of Transforming Growth Factor ??1 by Glucose: Investigation into the Role of the Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway:
MC Daniels, DA McClain, ED Crook
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences 2000
Obesity: Pathology and Therapy
DH Lockwood, TC Heffner
2000
Overexpression of Glutamine:Fructose-6-Phosphate Amidotransferase in Rat-1 Fibroblasts Enhances Glucose-Mediated Glycogen Accumulation via Suppression of Glycogen Phosphorylase Activity*
ED Crook, G Crenshaw, G Veerababu, LP Singh
Endocrinology 2000
Protein–protein interaction in insulin signaling and the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance
A Virkamäki, K Ueki, CR Kahn
Journal of Clinical Investigation 1999
Nutrient Modulation of Cellular Insulin Action
ME Patti
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1999
cDNA Cloning and Mapping of a Novel Subtype of Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate Amidotransferase (GFAT2) in Human and Mouse
T Oki, K Yamazaki, J Kuromitsu, M Okada, I Tanaka
Genomics 1999
Glutamine: Fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase activity and gene expression are regulated in a tissue-specific fashion in pregnant rats
H Yki-Järvinen, T Nyman, E Rissanen, M Leino, S Hämäläinen, A Virkamäki, SH Mouzon
Life Sciences 1999
Modulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha gene expression by metabolic signals in rodent adipocytes
Y Wang, W Lee-Kwon, JL Martindale, L Adams, P Heller, JM Egan, M Bernier
Endocrinology 1999
Dose-response relationship of insulin to glucose fluxes in the awake and unrestrained mouse
HQ Shen, JS Zhu, AD Baron
Metabolism 1999
Decreased hexosamine biosynthesis in GH-deficient dwarf rat muscle. Reversal with GH, but not IGF-I, therapy
KA Robinson, SM Willi, S Bingel, MG Buse
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 1999
The Inhibition of Capacitative Calcium Entry Due to ATP Depletion but Not Due to Glucosamine Is Reversed by Staurosporine
S Vemuri, RB Marchase
The Journal of biological chemistry 1999
Mechanism of Hexosamine-Induced Insulin Resistance in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Glutamine:Fructose-6-Phosphate Amidotransferase: Decreased Glucose Transporter GLUT4 Translocation and Reversal by Treatment with Thiazolidinedione*
RC Cooksey, LF Hebert, JH Zhu, P Wofford, WT Garvey, DA McClain
Endocrinology 1999
Glucosamine Regulation of Glucose Metabolism in Cultured Human Skeletal Muscle Cells: Divergent Effects on Glucose Transport/Phosphorylation and Glycogen Synthase in Non-Diabetic and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects1
TP Ciaraldi, L Carter, S Nikoulina, S Mudaliar, DA McClain, RR Henry
Endocrinology 1999
Autocrine and paracrine mechanisms in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy
G Pugliese, F Pricci, G Romeo, G Leto, L Amadio, C Iacobini, UD Mario
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 1999
TRANSGENIC MICE IN THE ANALYSIS OF METABOLIC REGULATION
F Bosch, A Pujol, A Valera
Annual Review of Nutrition 1998
Availability of specific sugars for glycoconjugate biosynthesis: A need for further investigations in man
A Martin, C Rambal, V Berger, S Perier, P Louisot
Biochimie 1998
Insulin and glucosamine infusions increase O-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine in skeletal muscle proteins in vivo
H Yki-Järvinen, A Virkamäki, MC Daniels, D McClain, WK Gottschalk
Metabolism 1998
Glucosamine-induced Insulin Resistance in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Is Caused by Depletion of Intracellular ATP
RC Hresko, H Heimberg, MM Chi, M Mueckler
The Journal of biological chemistry 1998
Role of the glucosamine pathway in fat-induced insulin resistance
M Hawkins, N Barzilai, R Liu, M Hu, W Chen, L Rossetti
Journal of Clinical Investigation 1997
Effects of overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) and glucosamine treatment on translocation of GLUT4 in rat adipose cells
H Chen, BL Ing, KA Robinson, AC Feagin, MG Buse, MJ Quon
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 1997
O -Linked GlcNAc Transferase Is a Conserved Nucleocytoplasmic Protein Containing Tetratricopeptide Repeats
WA Lubas, DW Frank, M Krause, JA Hanover
The Journal of biological chemistry 1997
Clinical Research in Diabetes and Obesity
B Draznin, R Rizza
1997

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