Lipoproteins can bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and decrease the LPS-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We investigated the effect of increased plasma concentrations of low-density-lipoproteins (LDL) on survival and cytokine production after a lethal challenge with either LPS or live Gram-negative bacteria in LDL receptor deficient mice (LDLR-/-). The LDLR-/- mice challenged with LPS had an eightfold increased LD50 when compared with the wild type controls (C57Bl/6J), while tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) plasma concentrations were decreased twofold. LDLR-/- mice had significantly lower and delayed mortality than control mice after infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae. No differences in the outgrowth of bacteria in the organs were present between the two groups, while circulating cytokine concentrations were decreased twofold in LDLR-/- mice. In contrast, the LPS-stimulated in vitro production of cytokines by peritoneal macrophages of LDLR-/- mice was significantly increased compared with controls. This increase was associated with enhanced specific binding of LPS to the macrophages of LDLR-/- mice. In conclusion, endogenous LDL can protect against the lethal effects of endotoxin and Gram-negative infection. At least part of this protection is achieved through decreased in vivo production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in spite of increased cytokine production capacity.
M G Netea, P N Demacker, B J Kullberg, O C Boerman, I Verschueren, A F Stalenhoef, J W van der Meer
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European Journal of Immunology | 2014 |
Combined B- and T-cell deficiency does not protect against obesity-induced glucose intolerance and inflammation
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Cytokine | 2013 |
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Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2010 |
Borrelia species induce inflammasome activation and IL-17 production through a caspase-1-dependent mechanism
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European Journal of Immunology | 2010 |
Differential susceptibility to lethal endotoxaemia in mice deficient in IL-1α, IL-1β or IL-1 receptor type I
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APMIS | 2010 |
Do statins play a role as an adjuvant therapy in inflammation?1
P Fraunberger, B Siegele, AK Walli |
LaboratoriumsMedizin | 2010 |
Plasma lipoproteins are important components of the immune system
R Han |
Microbiology and Immunology | 2010 |
Spielen Statine eine Rolle als adjuvante Therapie bei Entzündung? / Do statins play a role as an adjuvant therapy in inflammation?
P Fraunberger, B Siegele, AK Walli |
LaboratoriumsMedizin | 2010 |
Apolipoprotein CI enhances the biological response to LPS via the CD14/TLR4 pathway by LPS-binding elements in both its N- and C-terminal helix
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Journal of lipid research | 2010 |
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Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica | 2009 |
Mechanical Ventilation Induces a Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain-containing Adapter-inducing Interferon β–dependent Inflammatory Response in Healthy Mice
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Anesthesiology | 2009 |
Circulating Lipoproteins Are a Crucial Component of Host Defense against Invasive Salmonella typhimurium Infection
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PloS one | 2009 |
Is Hypercholesterolemia a Friend or a Foe of Tuberculosis?
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Infection and immunity | 2009 |
Infection induces a positive acute phase apolipoprotein E response from a negative acute phase gene: role of hepatic LDL receptors
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Journal of lipid research | 2008 |
Differential function of the NACHT-LRR (NLR) members Nod1 and Nod2 in arthritis
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2008 |
Low-tidal-volume Mechanical Ventilation Induces a Toll-like Receptor 4–dependent Inflammatory Response in Healthy Mice
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Anesthesiology | 2008 |
Hypercapnic acidosis attenuates the pulmonary innate immune response in ventilated healthy mice*
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Critical Care Medicine | 2008 |
Infection induces a positive acute phase apolipoprotein E response from a negative acute phase gene: role of hepatic LDL receptors
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Journal of lipid research | 2008 |
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Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2007 |
Immune Recognition ofCandida albicansβ‐glucan by Dectin‐1
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The Journal of Infectious Diseases | 2007 |
Predictors of viral kinetics to peginterferon plus ribavirin combination therapy in Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b
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Journal of Medical Virology | 2007 |
Mechanical Ventilation in Healthy Mice Induces Reversible Pulmonary and Systemic Cytokine Elevation with Preserved Alveolar Integrity
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Anesthesiology | 2007 |
Predictive factors of early and sustained responses to peginterferon plus ribavirin combination therapy in Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b: Amino acid substitutions in the core region and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels
N Akuta, F Suzuki, Y Kawamura, H Yatsuji, H Sezaki, Y Suzuki, T Hosaka, M Kobayashi, M Kobayashi, Y Arase, K Ikeda, H Kumada |
Journal of Hepatology | 2007 |
Mechanical Ventilation in Healthy Mice Induces Reversible Pulmonary and Systemic Cytokine Elevation with Preserved Alveolar Integrity: An In Vivo Model Using Clinical Relevant Ventilation Settings
M Vaneker, FJ Halbertsma, J Egmond, MG Netea, HB Dijkman, DG Snijdelaar, LA Joosten, JG van der Hoeven, GJ Scheffer |
Anesthesiology | 2007 |
Increased voluntary exercise in mice deficient for tumour necrosis factor-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha
MG Netea, BJ Kullberg, AG Vonk, I Verschueren, LA Joosten, JW van der Meer |
European Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2007 |
The role of TNF-α in chronic inflammatory conditions, intermediary metabolism, and cardiovascular risk
C Popa, MG Netea, PL van Riel, JW van der Meer, AF Stalenhoef |
Journal of lipid research | 2007 |
Continuous administration of PBP-2- and PBP-3-specific β-lactams causes higher cytokine responses in murine Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli sepsis
J Buijs, AS Dofferhoff, JW Mouton, JW van der Meer |
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy | 2007 |
Essentials of Restenosis
HJ Duckers, EG Nabel, PW Serruys |
2007 | |
Immune sensing of Candida albicans: cooperative recognition of mannans and glucan by lectin and Toll-like receptors
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Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2006 |
Scavenger Receptor BI Prevents Nitric Oxide–Induced Cytotoxicity and Endotoxin-Induced Death
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Circulation research | 2006 |
LPS-Induced Release of IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-6, and TNF-αin Whole Blood from Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: No Effect of Cholesterol-Lowering Treatment
N Bont, MG Netea, C Rovers, T Smilde, A Hijmans, PN Demacker, JW van der Meer, AF Stalenhoef |
Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research | 2006 |
Chlamydia pneumoniae infections augment atherosclerotic lesion formation: a role for serum amyloid P
R Ezzahiri, FR Stassen, HR Kurvers, V Dolmans, PJ Kitslaar, CA Bruggeman |
APMIS | 2006 |
Chronic perivascular inoculation with Chlamydophila pneumoniae results in plaque formation in vivo
MG Engelmann, CV Redl, J Pelisek, C Barz, J Heesemann, S Nikol |
Laboratory Investigation | 2006 |
Dyslipidemia in the Critically Ill
PE Marik |
Critical Care Clinics | 2006 |
NOD2 and toll-like receptors are nonredundant recognition systems of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
G Ferwerda, SE Girardin, BJ Kullberg, LL Bourhis, DJ de Jong, DM Langenberg, R Crevel, GJ Adema, TH Ottenhoff, JW van der Meer, MG Netea |
PLoS pathogens | 2005 |
Low serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a poor prognostic factor for severe sepsis*
JY Chien, JS Jerng, CJ Yu, PC Yang |
Critical Care Medicine | 2005 |
High levels of C-reactive protein with low total cholesterol concentrations additively predict all-cause mortality in patients with coronary artery disease
L Janoskuti, Z Forhecz, N Hosszufalusi, M Kleiber, S Walentin, O Balint, J Duba, S Rugonfalvi-Kiss, L Romics, I Karadi, G Fust, Z Prohaszka |
European Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2005 |
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Association with Mortality and Hospitalization in Hemodialysis Patients
CK Chiang, TI Ho, SP Hsu, YS Peng, MF Pai, SY Yang, KY Hung, TJ Tsai |
Blood Purification | 2005 |
Serum lipids and disease severity in children with severe meningococcal sepsis*
CL Vermont, M Brinker, N K??keci, ED de Kleijn, YB de Rijke, KF Joosten, R Groot, JA Hazelzet |
Critical Care Medicine | 2005 |
Effect of recombinant murine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with or without fluoroquinolone therapy on mixed-infection abscesses in mice
LE Stearne, AG Vonk, BJ Kullberg, IC Gyssens |
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy | 2005 |
Apolipoproteins modulate the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide
JF Berbee, LM Havekes, PC Rensen |
Journal of Endotoxin Research | 2005 |
Neuronal, Endocrine, and Anorexic Responses to the T-Cell Superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A: Dependence on Tumor Necrosis Factor-
A Rossi-George |
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2005 |
Differential Cytokine Production and Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways by Candida albicans Blastoconidia and Hyphae
CA van der Graaf, MG Netea, I Verschueren, JW van der Meer, BJ Kullberg |
Infection and immunity | 2005 |
Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-2 Modulates Specific TLR Pathways for the Induction of Cytokine Release
MG Netea, G Ferwerda, DJ de Jong, T Jansen, L Jacobs, M Kramer, TH Naber, JP Drenth, SE Girardin, BJ Kullberg, GJ Adema, JW der Meer |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2005 |
Toll-like receptor 2 suppresses immunity against Candida albicans through induction of IL-10 and regulatory T cells
MG Netea, R Sutmuller, C Hermann, CA van der Graaf, JW van der Meer, JH van Krieken, T Hartung, G Adema, BJ Kullberg |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2004 |
LDL-receptor mutations in Europe
GV Dedoussis, H Schmidt, J Genschel |
Human Mutation | 2004 |
Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and lipoprotein compositions in patients with Behçet's disease
U Tursen, G Eskandari, TI Kaya, L Tamer, G Ikizoglu, U Atik |
International Journal of Dermatology | 2004 |
Toll-like receptor-4 Asp299Gly polymorphism does not influence progression of atherosclerosis in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia
MG Netea, A Hijmans, S Wissen, TJ Smilde, MD Trip, BJ Kullberg, T Boo, JW van der Meer, JJ Kastelein, AF Stalenhorf |
European Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2004 |
Recurrent perivascular inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) results in the formation of atheromatous lesions in vivo
MG Engelmann, CV Redl, S Nikol |
Laboratory Investigation | 2004 |
Human lipoproteins have divergent neutralizing effects on E. coli LPS, N. meningitidis LPS, and complete Gram-negative bacteria
T Sprong, MG Netea, P der Ley, TJ Verver-Jansen, LE Jacobs, A Stalenhoef, JW van der Meer, M Deuren |
Journal of lipid research | 2004 |
Chlamydia pneumoniae Stimulates IFN-γ Synthesis through MyD88-Dependent, TLR2- and TLR4-Independent Induction of IL-18 Release
MG Netea, BJ Kullberg, LE Jacobs, TJ Verver-Jansen, J van der Ven-Jongekrijg, JM Galama, AF Stalenhoef, CA Dinarello, JW der Meer |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2004 |
Receptors, Mediators, and Mechanisms Involved in Bacterial Sepsis and Septic Shock
ES Amersfoort, TJ Berkel, J Kuiper |
Clinical microbiology reviews | 2003 |
Association of the −159 C → T polymorphism in the CD14 promoter with variations in serum lipoproteins in healthy subjects
KE Eilertsen, JO Olsen, J Brox, B Østerud |
Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis | 2003 |
Cholesterol and mortality in heart failure: the bad gone good?**Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology
GC Fonarow, TB Horwich |
Journal of the American College of Cardiology | 2003 |
Hypocholesterolemia in sepsis and critically ill or injured patients
RF Wilson, JF Barletta, JG Tyburski |
Critical Care | 2003 |
High cholesterol may protect against infections and atherosclerosis
U Ravnskov |
QJM | 2003 |
Lung Biology in Health and Disease
N Zamel |
Lung Biology in Health and Disease: Experimental Models and Therapeutic Potential | 2003 |
Hyperlipoproteinemic low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice are more susceptible to sepsis than corresponding wild-type mice
S Lanza-Jacoby, S Miller, S Jacob, D Heumann, AG Minchenko, JT Flynn |
Journal of Endotoxin Research | 2003 |
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of an Endotoxin-Binding Phospholipid Emulsion
BR Gordon, TS Parker, DM Levine, SD Saal, LC Hudgins, BJ Sloan, C Chu, KH Stenzel, AL Rubin |
The Annals of pharmacotherapy | 2003 |
Apolipoprotein E4 allele is associated with poor treatment response in hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1
T Mueller, R Gesner, C Sarrazin, C Graf, J Halangk, H Witt, E Kottgen, B Wiedenmann, T Berg |
Hepatology | 2003 |
Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Abscesses Caused by Candida albicans with Antifungal Agents and Recombinant MurineGranulocyte Colony-StimulatingFactor
AG Vonk, MG Netea, JH van Krieken, PE Verweij, JW van der Meer, BJ Kullberg |
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy | 2003 |
Changes in the Plasma Lipid Profile as a Potential Predictor of Clinical Outcome in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
EC van Gorp, C Suharti, AT Mairuhu, WM Dolmans, J der Ven, PN Demacker, JW van der Meer |
Clinical Infectious Diseases | 2002 |
Hepatic Endosomal Trafficking of Lipoprotein-Bound Endotoxin in Rats
HW Harris, SE Brady, JH Rapp |
Journal of Surgical Research | 2002 |
Low serum total cholesterol is associated with marked increase in mortality in advanced heart failure
TB Horwich, MA Hamilton, WR MacLellan, GC Fonarow |
Journal of Cardiac Failure | 2002 |
Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation IX
S Gupta, E Butcher, W Paul |
Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation IX | 2002 |
Association of low-density lipoprotein receptor polymorphisms and outcome of hepatitis C infection
BJ Hennig, S Hellier, AJ Frodsham, L Zhang, P Klenerman, S Knapp, M Wright, HC Thomas, M Thursz, AV Hill |
Genes and Immunity | 2002 |
Role of Interleukin-18 in Host Defense against Disseminated Candida albicans Infection
RJ Stuyt, MG Netea, I Verschueren, G Fantuzzi, CA Dinarello, JW der Meer, BJ Kullberg |
Infection and immunity | 2002 |
Lipopolysaccharide binding protein circulates associated with apoB containing lipoproteins and enhances endotoxin-LDL/VLDL interaction
Anita C.E. Vreugdenhil, A.M. Patricia Snoek, Cornelis vant 't Veer, Jan-Willem M. Greve, Wim A. Buurman |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2001 |
Relationship of hypolipidemia to cytokine concentrations and outcomes in critically ill surgical patients
BR Gordon, TS Parker, DM Levine, SD Saal, JC Wang, BJ Sloan, PS Barie, AL Rubin |
Critical Care Medicine | 2001 |
Familial hypercholesterolaemia in Finland: common, rare and mild mutations of the LDL receptor and their clinical consequences
AF Vuorio, K Aalto-Setälä, UM Koivisto, H Turtola, H Nissen, PT Kovanen, TA Miettinen, H Gylling, H Oksanen, K Kontula |
Annals of Medicine | 2001 |
Cholesterol and all-cause mortality in Honolulu
AW Weverling-Rijnsburger, GJ Blauw, RG Westendorp |
The Lancet | 2001 |
Mortality over two centuries in large pedigree with familial hypercholesterolaemia: family tree mortality study
EJ Sijbrands, RG Westendorp, JC Defesche, PH de Meier, AH Smelt, JJ Kastelein |
BMJ (Clinical research ed.) | 2001 |
Reduced adrenal response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in interleukin-6-deficient mice
FH van Enckevort, CG Sweep, PN Span, PN Demacker, CC Hermsen, AR Hermus |
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | 2001 |
Hypercholesterolemia Exacerbates Virus-Induced Immunopathologic Liver Disease Via Suppression of Antiviral Cytotoxic T Cell Responses
B Ludewig, M Jäggi, T Dumrese, K Brduscha-Riem, B Odermatt, H Hengartner, RM Zinkernagel |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2001 |
APOLIPOPROTEINE: Far More Than a Lipid Transport Protein
RW Mahley, SC Rall |
Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics | 2000 |
Chylomicron processing in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia and familial combined hyperlipidemia studied with vitamin A and E as markers: a new physiological concept
PN Demacker, MP Hectors, AF Stalenhoef |
Atherosclerosis | 2000 |
Hyperlipoproteinemia affects cytokine production in whole blood samples ex vivo. The influence of lipid-lowering therapy
MF Mohrschladt, AW Weverling-Rijnsburger, FH Man, DJ Stoeken, A Sturk, AH Smelt, RG Westendorp |
Atherosclerosis | 2000 |
Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice have an impaired immune response to Klebsiella pneumoniae
de Bont, Netea, Demacker, Kullberg, van der Meer, Stalenhoef |
European Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2000 |
Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitor Genes in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endotoxemia in Mice
A Pagenstecher, AK Stalder, CL Kincaid, B Volk, IL Campbell |
The American Journal of Pathology | 2000 |
The endotoxin-lipoprotein hypothesis
M Rauchhaus, AJ Coats, SD Anker |
The Lancet | 2000 |
Predominance of a 6 bp deletion in exon 2 of the LDL receptor gene in Africans with familial hypercholesterolaemia
R Thiart, CL Scholtz, J Vergotine, CF Hoogendijk, JN de Villiers, H Nissen, K Brusgaard, D Gaffney, MS Hoffs, WJ Vermaak, MJ Kotze |
Journal of medical genetics | 2000 |
A POLIPOPROTEIN E: Far More Than a Lipid Transport Protein
RW Mahley, SC Rall |
Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics | 2000 |
Novel Cytokine Inhibitors
GA Higgs, B Henderson |
2000 | |
Serum Amyloid P Component Prevents High-Density Lipoprotein-Mediated Neutralization of Lipopolysaccharide
DL Burns, CJ de Haas, MJ Poppelier, KP van Kessel, JA van Strijp |
Infection and immunity | 2000 |
An IFN-γ-Independent Proinflammatory Role of IL-18 in Murine Streptococcal Cell Wall Arthritis
LA Joosten, FA van de Loo, E Lubberts, MM Helsen, MG Netea, JW van der Meer, CA Dinarello, WB van den Berg |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2000 |
Increased susceptibility to systemic candidiasis in interleukin-6 deficient mice 1
FH van Enckevort, MG Netea, AR Hermus, CG Sweep, JF Meis, JW van der Meer, BJ Kullberg |
Medical Mycology | 1999 |
Variables Affecting Outcome in Critically Ill Patients
B Chernow |
Chest | 1999 |
Anti-endotoxin properties of a cinnamon bark-derived compound and its effect on the endotoxin shock model
S Azumi, K Tanamoto |
Journal of Endotoxin Research | 1999 |
Cytokines in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock
H Redl, G Schlag |
1999 | |
Apolipoprotein E knock-out mice are highly susceptible to endotoxemia and Klebsiella pneumoniae infection
N de Bont, MG Netea, PN Demacker, I Verschueren, BJ Kullberg, KW van Dijk, JW van der Meer, AF Stalenhoef |
Journal of lipid research | 1999 |
LPS-induced cytokine production and expression of LPS-receptors by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and the effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
N Bont, MG Netea, C Rovers, T Smilde, PN Demacker, JW van der Meer, AF Stalenhoef |
Atherosclerosis | 1998 |
LPS-induced cytokine production and expression of β2-integrins and CD14 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
C Rovers, MG Netea, N Bont, PN Demacker, C Jacobs, BJ Kullberg, JW van der Meer, AF Stalenhoef |
Atherosclerosis | 1998 |
Lipopolysaccharide-induced production of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 is differentially regulated at the receptor level: the role of CD14-dependent and CD14-independent pathways
MG Netea, BJ Kullberg, JW van der Meer |
Immunology | 1998 |
Increased interleukin-1alpha and interleukin-1beta production by macrophages of low-density lipoprotein receptor knock-out mice stimulated with lipopolysaccharide is CD11c/CD18-receptor mediated
MG Netea, PN Demacker, BJ Kullberg, OC Boerman, I Verschueren, AF Stalenhoef, JW van der Meer |
Immunology | 1998 |
Endotoxin-neutralizing protein protects against endotoxin-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction
DD Bannerman, MJ Fitzpatrick, DY Anderson, AK Bhattacharjee, TJ Novitsky, JD Hasday, AS Cross, SE Goldblum |
Infection and immunity | 1998 |
Lipoprotein(a) Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production by Human Mononuclear Cells
MG Netea, N de Bont, PN Demacker, BJ Kullberg, LE Jacobs, TJ Verver-Jansen, AF Stalenhoef, JW der Meer |
Infection and immunity | 1998 |
Lipopolysaccharide-induced production of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 is differentially regulated at the receptor level: the role of CD14-dependent and CD14-independent pathways.
Netea MG, Kullberg BJ, van der Meer JW |
Immunology | 1998 |
Total cholesterol and risk of mortality in the oldest old
AW Weverling-Rijnsburger, GJ Blauw, AM Lagaay, DL Knock, AE Meinders, RG Westendorp |
The Lancet | 1997 |
The dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions are more potent than buoyant LDL for binding and neutralization of lipopolysaccharide
MG Netea, PN Demacker, T Verver-Jansen, L Jacobs, BJ Kullberg, AF Stalenhoef, JW van der Meer |
Journal of Endotoxin Research | 1997 |
The Role of Hyperuricemia in the Increased Cytokine Production After Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in Neutropenic Mice
MG Netea, BJ Kullberg, WL Blok, RT Netea, JW der Meer |
Blood | 1997 |
Hyperlipoproteinemia enhances susceptibility to acute disseminated Candida albicans infection in low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-deficient mice
MG Netea, PN Demacker, N de Bont, OC Boerman, AF Stalenhoef, JW van der Meer, BJ Kullberg |
Infection and immunity | 1997 |
Microbial/host interactions in health and disease: Who controls the cytokine network?
B Henderson, S Poole, M Wilson |
Immunopharmacology | 1996 |