We have developed a murine model of wasting by injecting intracerebrally cells which continuously secrete h-cachectin/TNF (CHO-TNF) to: (a) determine the effects of cachectin/TNF produced continuously in the central nervous system (CNS), and (b) compare the metabolic effects of cachectin/TNF-secreting tumor in the brain to the cachexia caused by CHO-TNF tumor in peripheral tissue (IM). Intracerebral CHO-TNF tumors produced increased serum h-cachectin/TNF levels with lethal hypophagia and weight loss (mean survival time of 11 d); these changes were not observed in association with nonsecretory control brain tumors. The metabolic consequences of intracerebral cachectin/TNF production were indistinguishable from acute, lethal starvation: whole-body lipid content was decreased significantly but protein was conserved. Although intramuscular cachectin/TNF-secreting tumors caused similar increases of serum h-cachectin/TNF levels, profound anorexia did not develop; wasting developed after a longer period of tumor burden (50 d) with classical signs of cachexia (i.e., anemia and depletion of both protein and lipid). These studies provide a reproducible animal model of site-specific cytokine production and suggest that, regardless of serum levels, cachectin/TNF produced locally in brain influences both the rate of development of wasting and its net metabolic effects.
K J Tracey, S Morgello, B Koplin, T J Fahey 3rd, J Fox, A Aledo, K R Manogue, A Cerami
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Murine tumor necrosis factor alpha is transported from blood to brain in the mouse
EG Gutierrez, WA Banks, AJ Kastin |
Journal of Neuroimmunology | 1993 |
The role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of chronic liver diseases
H Tign |
International Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Research | 1993 |
Nutritional, hepatic, and metabolic effects of cachectin/tumor necrosis factor in rats receiving total parenteral nutrition
J Matsul, RG Cameron, R Kurian, GC Kuo, KN Jeejeebhoy |
Gastroenterology | 1993 |
Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 1993
JL Vincent |
1993 | |
TNF and other cytokines in the metabolism of septic shock and cachexia
KJ Tracey |
Clinical Nutrition | 1992 |
Chronic intraperitoneal infusion of low doses of tumor necrosis factor α in rats induces a reduction in plasma triglyceride levels
CG Sweep, AR Hermus, MJ van der Meer, PN Demacker, TJ Benraad, PW Kloppenborg, JW van der Meer |
Cytokine | 1992 |
Plasma tumor necrosis factor soluble receptors in chronic renal failure
M Brockhaus, Y Bar-Khayim, S Gurwicz, A Frensdorff, N Haran |
Kidney International | 1992 |
The role of cytokines in muscle wasting: Its relation with cancer cachexia
JM Argilés, C Garcia-Martínez, M Llovera, FJ López-Soriano |
Medicinal Research Reviews | 1992 |
Weight loss in a murine cachexia model is not associated with the cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α or interleukin-6
HD Mulligan, SM Mahony, JA Ross, MJ Tisdale |
Cancer Letters | 1992 |
Intracerebral injection of proinflammatory cytokines or leukocyte chemotaxins induces minimal myelomonocytic cell recruitment to the parenchyma of the central nervous system
PB Andersson, VH Perry, S Gordon |
Journal of Experimental Medicine | 1992 |
Review Article: The role of tumour necrosis factor in the pathogenesis of equine colic
DD Morris |
Equine Veterinary Journal | 1992 |
Cancer cachexia is transmissible in plasma
KA Illig, N Maronian, JL Peacock |
Journal of Surgical Research | 1992 |
Tumour location influences local cytokine production and host metabolism
Y Fong, LL Moldawere, W He, M Marano, CV Keogh, J Gershenwald, SF Lowry |
Surgical Oncology | 1992 |
The role of cytokines in inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system
KW Selmaj |
Seminars in Neuroscience | 1992 |
Inflammatory cytokines
A Cerami |
Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology | 1992 |
Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF) in neuroimmunology
SB Martin, KJ Tracey |
Advances in Neuroimmunology | 1992 |
The Early Cancer Anorexia Paradigm: Changes in Plasma Free Tryptophan and Feeding Indexes
MM Meguid, M Muscaritoli, JL Beverly, ZJ Yang, C Cangiano, F Rossi-Fanelli |
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition | 1992 |
The Role of Cytokines in Cancer Cachexia
LL Moldawer, MA Rogy, SF Lowry |
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition | 1992 |
Progress in Brain Research
DE van Epps, L Saland, C Taylor, RC Williams |
Progress in brain research | 1983 |
Systolic Heart Failure and Anesthetic Considerations:
TA Gelzinis, K Subramaniam |
International Anesthesiology Clinics | |
Cytokines as mediators in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical function
J Fukata, H Imura, K Nakao |
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | 1994 |
Molecular Mechanisms and their Clinical Application in Malignancies
EA McCULLOCH |
Molecular Mechanisms and their Clinical Application in Malignancies | 1991 |