Biologically active androgens and peripheral androgen metabolites in plasma were measured in 25 women with idiopathic hirsutism (IH). Plasma testosterone was not significantly elevated. Free testosterone however was increased although the elevation was not impressive (10.9 +/- 6.6 SD vs. 3.3 +/- 1.5 ng/dl) and one-fourth of the cases had normal unbound testosterone. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) values were elevated (23.5 +/- 14 vs. 12.5 +/- 3.59) but again over half of the values were within the normal range. In our series of mild to moderate cases, 3 alpha-diol was not at all discriminatory. However, plasma 3 alpha-diol glucuronide was markedly increased (604 +/- 376 vs. 40 +/- 10 ng/dl), and elevated in all but one mild case. Previous studies document that DHT is the important androgen in skin and formation of DHT and 3 alpha-diol is markedly increased in vitro in IH. Since 3 alpha-diol glucuronide is derived largely from extrasplanchnic events, beta-glucuronidase is present in skin, and androgen stimulates formation of the enzyme in extrasplanchnic tissue, we conclude that 3 alpha-diol glucuronide is a marker of peripheral androgen action and markedly elevated in IH.
R Horton, D Hawks, R Lobo
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Ultrasound Quarterly | 2007 |
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International Journal of Cancer | 2007 |
Androgen Excess Disorders in Women
R Azziz, JE Nestler, D Dewailly |
2007 | |
Insulin Resistance and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
E Diamanti-Kandarakis, JE Nestler, D Panidis, R Pasquali |
2007 | |
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Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | 2006 |
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JM Kaufman, A Vermeulen |
Endocrine reviews | 2005 |
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H Vierhapper, P Nowotny, W Waldhäusl |
Metabolism | 2004 |
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P Paquet, I Fumal, C Piérard-Franchimont, GE Piérard |
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T Onishi, H Takei, A Kambegawa, S Saisho, K Kashimada, S Koyama, S Mizutani, PN Rao |
Steroids | 2002 |
Are serum hormones associated with the risk of prostate cancer? Prospective results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study
BA Mohr, HA Feldman, LA Kalish, C Longcope, JB McKinlay |
Urology | 2001 |
Unexpected Virilization in Male Mice Lacking Steroid 5α-Reductase Enzymes
MS Mahendroo, KM Cala, DL Hess, DW Russell |
Endocrinology | 2001 |
Effects of replacing meat with soyabean in the diet on sex hormone concentrations in healthy adult males
RC Habito, J Montalto, E Leslie, MJ Ball |
British Journal of Nutrition | 2000 |
Idiopathic Hirsutism*
R Azziz, E Carmina, ME Sawaya |
Endocrine reviews | 2000 |
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RS Legro |
Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America | 1999 |
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HL Rittner, PD Lee, WF Blum, HG Doerr, J Steiss, J Kreuder, W Rascher, W Kiess |
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | 1997 |
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HL Rittner, PD Lee, WF Blum, HG Doerr, J Steiss, J Kreuder, W Rascher, W Kiess |
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | 1997 |
SERTOLI-LEYDIG CELL TUMOR OF THE OVARY: A CASE REPORT WITH ENDOCRINOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS
BS MD, ER MD |
Endocrine Practice | 1996 |
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W Eicheler, M Dreher, R Hoffmann, R Happle, G Aumuller |
British Journal of Dermatology | 1995 |
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GP Redmond |
The American Journal of Medicine | 1995 |
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L Ciotta, A Cianci, AE Calogero, MA Palumbo, E Marletta, A Sciuto, G Palumbo |
Fertility and Sterility | 1995 |
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E Carmina, FZ Stanczyk, E Gentzchein, RA Lobo |
Gynecological Endocrinology | 1995 |
Hirsutism and virilization: A systematic approach to benign and potentially serious causes
PB Marshbun, BR Carr |
Postgraduate Medicine | 1995 |
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E Diamanti-Kandarakis, G Tolis, AJ Duleba |
Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation | 1995 |
Assessment of 5α-reductase activity in hirsute women: comparison of serum androstanediol glucuronide with urinary androsterone and aetiocholanolone excretion
S Gilad, R Chayen, K Tordjman, E Kisch, N Stern |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1994 |
Longitudinal study of maternal plasma bioavailable testosterone and androstanediol glucuronide levels during pregnancy
V Kerlan, K Nahoul, MT Martelot, JP Bercovici |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1994 |
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RG Moses, H Theile, S Colagiuri |
The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology | 1994 |
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MY Khoury, EC Baracat, DP Pardini, JG Vieira, GR de Lima |
Fertility and Sterility | 1994 |
Analytical Applications of Immobilized Enzyme Reactors
S Lam, G Malikin |
1994 | |
Sex hormone levels and body hair growth in !Kung San and Kavango men from Namibia
EM Winkler, K Christiansen |
American Journal of Physical Anthropology | 1993 |
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V Toscano, R Balducci, P Bianchi, R Guglielmi, A Mangiantini, FG Rossi, LM Colonna, F Sciarra |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1993 |
Case 24-1993 : A 56-Year-Old Woman with Virilization
RC Cabot, RE Scully, EJ Mark, WF McNeely, BU McNeely, C Longcope, JH Eichhorn |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1993 |
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B Bélanger, J Fiet, A Bé'elanger |
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Case 24-1993: A 56-Year-Old Woman with Virilization
RC Cabot, RE Scully, EJ Mark, WF McNeely, BU McNeely, C Longcope, JH Eichhorn |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1993 |
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LC Sperling, WL Heimer |
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | 1993 |
Androgen biology as a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of androgenic disorders in women. II
LC Sperling, WL Heimer |
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | 1993 |
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R Balducci, G Finocchi, A Mangiantini, P Bianchi, R Guglielmi, V Toscano |
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | 1993 |
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F Fruzzetti, DD Lorenzo, C Ricci, P Fioretti |
Fertility and Sterility | 1993 |
Characterization of a cloned human dihydrotestosterone/androstanediol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and its comparison to other steroid isoforms
F Chen, JK Ritter, MG Wang, OW McBride, RA Lubet, IS Owens |
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Increased free testosterone but normal 5α-reduced testosterone metabolites in obese premenopausal women
VA Glagulll, GD Pergola, F Glorgino, M Clgnarelll, G Abbaticchlo, A Vermeulen, R Glorgino |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1992 |
Strategy combining chiral chromatography with ?-cyclodextrin and stereospecific enzyme reaction detection with hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases for resolving steroid epimers
S Lam, G Malikin |
Chirality | 1992 |
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PN Rao, AM Rodriguez, PH Moore, JW Cessac |
Steroids | 1992 |
Synthesis of deuterium-labeled 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol and its 17β-glucuronide
C Bong-Chul, JP Mallamo, PE Juniewicz, CH Shackleton |
Steroids | 1992 |
Plasma levels of C19 steroid glucuronides in pre-menopausal women with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia
CB Whorwood, H Ueshiba, PD Balzo |
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | 1992 |
Serum androstanediol glucuronide in women with facial hirsutism
K Salman, RL Spielvogel, LH Shulman, JL Miller, RE Vanderlinde, LI Rose |
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8 Evaluation of testicular function
C Wang, RS Swerdloff |
Baillière's Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | 1992 |
Is 3α, 17β-androstanediol-glucuronide a diagnostic marker in women with androgenic manifestations?
C Vogt, JS Dericks-Tan, H Kuhl, HD Taubert |
Gynecological Endocrinology | 1992 |
Is plasma 5α-androstane 3α, 17β-diol glucuronide a biochemical marker of hirsutism in women?
VA Giagulli, R Giorgino, A Vermeulen |
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Physiopathology of plasma androstanediol-glucuronide
A Vermeulen, VA Giagulli |
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | 1991 |
Hirsutism: pilosebaceous unit dysregulation. Role of peripheral and glandular factors
V Toscano |
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | 1991 |
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HD McClamrock, KM Bass, EY Adashi |
Fertility and Sterility | 1991 |
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E Carmina, FZ Stanczyk, RK Matteri, RA Lobo |
Fertility and Sterility | 1991 |
BIOACTIVE AND PERIPHERAL ANDROGENS IN PREPUBERTAL SIMPLE HYPERTRICHOSIS
R Balducci, V Toscano |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1990 |
PLASMA C19 STEROID SULPHATE LEVELS AND INDICES OF ANDROGEN BIOAVAILABILITY IN FEMALE PATTERN ANDROGENIC ALOPECIA
J Montalto, CB Whorwood, JW Funder, AB Yong, A Callan, HE Davies, JF Connelly |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1990 |
ANDROSTERONE GLUCURONIDE IS A MARKER OF ADRENAL HYPERANDROGENISM IN HIRSUTE WOMEN
DL Thompson, N Horton, RS Rittmaster |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1990 |
Serum levels of 5-androstene-3β, 7β-DIOL sulphate, 5α-androstane-3α,17β-DIOL sulphate and glucuronide, in late onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency
J Montalto, JW Funder, AB Yong, CB Whorwood, JF Connelly |
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | 1990 |
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JI Mechanick, A Dunaif |
Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism | 1990 |
Synthesis of new steroid haptens for radioimmunoassay—VIII. Development and validation of a specific radioimmunoassay for serum 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol 17-glucuronide
DL Thompson, RS Rittmaster, AM Rodriguez, PH Moore, PN Rao |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1990 |
Increase in plasma 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol glucuronide as a marker of peripheral androgen action in hirsutism: A side-effect induced by cyclosporine a
P Vexiau, J Fiet, P Boudou, JM Villette, G Feutren, N Hardy, R Julien, C Dreux, JF Bach, G Cathelineau |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1990 |
Hirsutism: A practical approach to improving physical and mental well-being
DL Stulberg, BS Caruthers |
Postgraduate Medicine | 1990 |
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EE Wallach, EY Adashi |
Fertility and Sterility | 1990 |
Precursors of plasma androstanediol- and androgen-glucuronides in women
VA Giagulli, L Verdonck, R Giorgino, A Vermeulen |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1989 |
The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
JA Eden |
The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology | 1989 |
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: A CHANGING PERSPECTIVE
S Franks |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1989 |
PLASMA ANDROSTANEDIOL GLUCURONIDE LEVELS DURING PREGNANCY
J Droogenbroeck, A Vermeulen |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1989 |
The questionable physiologic and epidemiologic basis for a male climacteric syndrome: preliminary results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study
JB Mckinlay, C Longcope, A Gray |
Maturitas | 1989 |
Determination of free testosterone fraction of human serum by gel bead dialysis
R Lavoie, J Bergeron, B Fruteaudelaclos, J Forest |
Clinical Biochemistry | 1989 |
Decreased 3α-androstanediol glucuronide levels in plasma and random urines in male pseudohermaphroditism caused by 5α-reductase deficiency
NH Ertel, S Akgun, E Samojlik, MA Kirschner, J Imperato-McGinley |
Metabolism | 1989 |
Androgen glucuronyl transferase activity in rat liver, evidence for the importance of hepatic tissue in 5 α-reduced androgen metabolism
RS Rittmaster, CA Leopold, DL Thompson |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1989 |
Estradiol and testosterone metabolism and production in men with prostatic cancer
AW Meikle, JA Smith, JD Stringham |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1989 |
Androgen sulfate and glucuronide conjugates in nonhirsute and hirsute women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
RK Matteri, FZ Stanczyk, EE Gentzschein, C Delgado, RA Lobo |
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology | 1989 |
SERUM ANDROSTANEDIOL GLUCURONIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN NORMAL AND HIRSUTE WOMEN AND PATIENTS WITH THYROID DYSFUNCTION
MJ Scanlon, CB Whorwood, S Franks, MJ Reed, VH James |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1988 |
Steroid Metabolism by Epidermal Keratinocytes
L Milewich, CB Shaw, FD Sontheimer |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | 1988 |
Conversion of dihydrotestosterone to androstanediol glucuronide by female sexual skin
V Pasupuleti, R Lobo, R Horton |
Steroids | 1988 |
Markers of peripheral androgen action in vivo and in vitro
R Horton |
Clinics in Dermatology | 1988 |
4 Anti-androgens in gynaecological practice
MJ Reed, S Franks |
Baillière's Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology | 1988 |
Urinary 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol levels in normal and hirsute women: Discriminating power and relation to other urinary steroids
LM Muller, G Phillipou |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1988 |
The Adrenal Gland
CR Kannan |
1988 | |
Circulating dihydrotestosterone may not reflect peripheral formation
V Toscano, R Horton |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1987 |
Production, clearance, and metabolism of testosterone in men with prostatic cancer
AW Meikle, JA Smith, JD Stringham |
The Prostate | 1987 |
Polycystic ovary syndrome: an enigma awaiting solution
M Schwartz, PR Gindoff, R Jewelewicz |
Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine | 1987 |
Isolation and identification of androstanediol glucuronide from human plasma
PN Rao, JE Burdett, PH Moore, R Horton |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1987 |
Lack of correlation between sex hormone binding globulin and free testosterone in some cases of “idiopathic” hirsutism
V Toscano, S Caiola, M Maroder, D Casilli, R Balducci, F Sciarra |
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | 1987 |
Southwestern Internal Medicine Conference: Hirsutism
M Leshin |
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences | 1987 |
Conjugated and unconjugated C-21, C-19 and C-18 steroid concentrations in human follicular fluid from hyperstimulated follicles
J Prévost, M Brochu, A Bélanger, R Lambert |
Gynecological Endocrinology | 1987 |
DOSAGE-RELATED EFFECTS OF DANAZOL ON SEX HORMONE BINDING GLOBULIN AND FREE AND TOTAL ANDROGEN LEVELS
KL Forbes, M Dowsett, GL Rose, JE Mudge, SL Jeffcoate |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1986 |
Quantitating genetic and nongenetic factors that determine plasma sex steroid variation in normal male twins
AW Meikle, DT Bishop, JD Stringham, DW West |
Metabolism | 1986 |
5 Dihydrotestosterone metabolism
V Toscano |
Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism | 1986 |
3 Changing concepts of active androgens in blood
PK Siiteri, NH Simberg |
Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism | 1986 |
Synthesis of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol 3- and 17-glucuronides
PN Rao, AM Rodriguez, DW Miller |
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry | 1986 |
7 Regulation of androgen receptor and 5α-reductase in the skin of normal and hirsute women
P Mauvais-Jarvis |
Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism | 1986 |
12 Treatment of hirsutism with 5α-reductase inhibitors
JR Brooks |
Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism | 1986 |
Effect of short- and long-term dexamethasone on 3α-androstanediol glucuronide in hirsute women* *Supported in part by Public Health Services grant RR-64 from the Division of Research Resources, CA-34243, and the American Cancer Society grant PDT-218
AW Meikle, WD Odell |
Fertility and Sterility | 1986 |
Measurements of 3α, 17(β-androstanediol glucuronide in serum and urine and the correlation with skin 5α-reductase activity* *Supported in part by the National Institutes of Health grant HD 017519
RJ Paulson, PC Serafini, JA Catalino, RA Lobo |
Fertility and Sterility | 1986 |
Idiopathic oligospermia and peripheral androgen metabolism**Supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant HD 017519-01
RJ Paulson, GS Bernstein, RP Marrs, RA Lobo |
Fertility and Sterility | 1986 |
Androgen Receptor Characteristics in Skin Fibroblasts from Hirsute Women
C Eil, GB Cutler, DL Loriaux |
Journal of Investigative Dermatology | 1985 |
ANDROGENS IN WOMEN: SOURCE, NATURE AND INVESTIGATION
G Jerums, AK Thomas |
Australasian Journal of Dermatology | 1985 |
Tissue production of androgens in women with acne
DP Lookingbill, R Horton, LM Demers, N Egan, JG Marks, RJ Santen |
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | 1985 |
Increased maternal serum 3α, 17β-androstanediol glucuronide concentrations during pregnancy
GD Braunstein, R Horton |
Fertility and Sterility | 1985 |
The effects of two doses of spironolactone on serum androgens and anagen hair in hirsute women**Supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant HD-17519-01A1
RA Lobo, D Shoupe, P Serafini, D Brinton, R Horton |
Fertility and Sterility | 1985 |
THE EFFECT OF ENDOGENOUS PROGESTERONE ON SERUM LEVELS OF 5α-REDUCED ANDROGENS IN HIRSUTE WOMEN
P Dewis, M Newman, DC Anderson |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1984 |
Androgen Metabolism by Isolated Hairs from Women with Idiopathic Hirsutism Is Usually Normal
SP Glickman, RL Rosenfield |
Journal of Investigative Dermatology | 1984 |
Polycystic ovarian disease: current concepts of pathophysiology and therapy
EE Wallach, PJ Coney |
Fertility and Sterility | 1984 |
Control of Adrenal Androgen Production
WD Odell, LN Parker |
Endocrine Research | 1984 |
The influence of androgens on insulin resistance**Presented in part at the Thirty-Ninth Annual Meeting of The American Fertility Society, April 16 to 20, 1983, San Francisco, California
D Shoupe, RA Lobo |
Fertility and Sterility | 1984 |
Correlation of inhibin and follicle regulatory protein activities with follicular fluid steroid levels in anovulatory patients**Supported in part by Clinical Investigator Award HD-00401 and an award from the University of Southern California Faculty Research and Innovation Fund
GS diZerega, RP Marrs, R Lobo, EL Ujita, J Brown, JD Campeau |
Fertility and Sterility | 1984 |
Progress in Brain Research
DE van Epps, L Saland, C Taylor, RC Williams |
Progress in brain research | 1983 |