"Ectopic" proteins, not distinguished immunologically from the common alpha subunit of the human glycoprotein hormones, were purified approximately 10,000-fold from a gastric carcinoid tumor (A.L.-alpha) and from tissue culture medium of bronchogenic carcinoma cell lines (ChaGo-alpha). The purified A.L.-alpha was homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis while the purified ChaGo-alpha showed multiple components, some of which represented aggregated species. In SDS gel electrophoresis, the apparent molecular weights of A.L.-alpha (15,000) and dithioerythritol-reduced ChaGo-alpha (13,000) were significantly lower than those of the alpha subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG-alpha), luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (22,000-23,000). Binding experiments with [35S]-SDS suggested that these apparent differences in molecular weight resulted, at least in part, from diminished binding of the SDS by the normal compared to the ectopic alpha subunits. In gel chromatography, the apparent molecular weights of A.L.-alpha (27,000) and ChaGo-alpha (30,000) were slightly higher than those of normal alpha subunits (23,000-24,000). Both A.L.-alpha and ChaGo-alpha were not distinguished from hCG-alpha in ion-exchange chromatography. The composition of A.L.-alpha was similar to that of hCG-alpha in 13 amino acids but showed decreased phenylalanine and increased valine; glucosamine was identified in both A.L.-alpha and hCG-alpha. Under conditions in which hCG-alpha combined with the hCG beta subunit (hCG-beta) to produce 95% of the expected gonadotropin-binding activity in a rat testis radioreceptor-assay, A.L.-alpha incubation with hCG-beta resulted in only 2% of the expected activity, and ChaGo-alpha incubation with hCG-beta produced no detectable activity. These characteristics of ectopic alpha subunits may reflect abnormalities of neoplastic protein synthesis or carbohydrate attachment which result in polypeptides with chemical and immunologic similarity to normal subunits but with differences in physical and combining properties; alternatively, the ectopic subunits may represent as yet unrecognized alpha precursor forms.
B D Weintraub, G Krauth, S W Rosen, A S Babson
Title and authors | Publication | Year |
---|---|---|
Advances in Cancer Research
M Lemaire, S Deleu, ED Bruyne, EV Valckenborgh, E Menu, K Vanderkerken |
Advances in Cancer Research Volume 110 | 2011 |
Pulmonary surfactant: an immunological perspective
ZC Chroneos, Z Sever-Chroneos, VL Shepherd |
Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology | 2009 |
Non-Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Mediated Transcription and Secretion of Large Human Glycoprotein Hormone α-Subunit in Human Embryonic Kidney-293 Cells
I Casella, H Lindner, C Zenzmaier, D Riitano, P Berger, T Costa |
Endocrinology | 2007 |
Characteristics of antigens from an HCGα secreting cell line (ElCo) derived from human breast carcinoma in a Native American patient
RA Pattillo, RO Hussa, MT Story |
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology | 1997 |
Disappearance of human chorionic gonadotropin and its α- and β-subunits after term pregnancy
J Korhonen, H Alfthan, P Ylöstalo, J Veldhuis, UH Stenman |
Clinical chemistry | 1997 |
Pathophysiological importance of various molecular forms of human choriogonadotropin
H Alfthan, UH Stenman |
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology | 1996 |
N-linked oligosaccharides on free alpha interfere with its ability to combine with human chorionic gonadotropin-beta subunit
DL Blithe |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 1990 |
Control of the Thyroid Gland
R Ekholm, LD Kohn, SH Wollman |
1989 | |
Pituitary glycoprotein hormone oligosaccharides: Structure, synthesis and function of the asparagine-linked oligosaccharides on lutropin, follitropin and thyrotropin
JU Baenziger, ED Green |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes | 1988 |
Purification and characterization of the glycoprotein hormone .alpha.-subunit-like material secreted by HeLa cells
GS Cox, RA Rimerman |
Biochemistry | 1988 |
Human chorionic gonadotropin in the rectosigmoid colon. Immunohistochemical study on unbalanced distribution of subunits
M Fukayama, Y Hayashi, M Koike |
The American Journal of Pathology | 1987 |
Detection of Early Pregnancy Factor-Like Activity in Women With Gestational Trophoblastic Tumors
AR Mehta, SK Shahani |
American Journal of Reproductive Immunology and Microbiology | 1987 |
Molecular Cloning of Hormone Genes
JF Habener |
1987 | |
Gonadotropin alpha subunit. Differential processing of free and combined forms in human trophoblast and transfected mouse cells
CL Corless, M Bielinska, TV Ramabhadran, S Daniels-McQueen, T Otani, BA Reitz, DC Tiemeier, I Boime |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 1987 |
A single amino acid substitution in an ectopic alpha subunit of a human carcinoma choriogonadotropin
R Nishimura, J Shin, I Ji, CR Middaugh, W Kruggel, RV Lewis, TH Ji |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 1986 |
Differential processing of Asn-linked oligosaccharides on pituitary glycoprotein hormones: implications for biologic function
ED Green, I Boime, JU Baenziger |
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry | 1986 |
Production of β-human chorionic gonadotrophin by human squamous carcinoma cell lines
G Cowley, JA Smith, M Ellison, B Gusterson |
International Journal of Cancer | 1985 |
INAPPROPRIATE LUTEINIZING HORMONE CONCENTRATION IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER
R Gunasegaram, KL Peh, A Loganath, LC Ang, D Thiagaraj, SR Kottegoda, SS Ratnam |
ANZ Journal of Surgery | 1985 |
Proceedings of the 1984 Laurentian Hormone Conference
WF Crowley, M Filicori, DI Spratt, NF Santoro |
Proceedings of the 1984 Laurentian Hormone Conference | 1985 |
Contemporary Endocrinology
SH Ingbar |
1985 | |
Sulfation of lutropin oligosaccharides with a cell-free system
ED Green, J Gruenebaum, M Bielinska, JU Baenziger, I Boime |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 1984 |
The effect of protein and RNA synthesis inhibitors on the synthesis and secretion of hCG, α- and β-hCG subunits, in organ culture
H Lorberboum, T Schneider, N Groot, AA Hochberg |
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology | 1984 |
Proceedings of the 1983 Laurentian Hormone Conference
IA Kourides, JA Gurr, O Wolf |
Proceedings of the 1983 Laurentian Hormone Conference | 1984 |
Free alpha-like material from bovine pituitaries. Removal of its O-linked oligosaccharide permits combination with lutropin-beta
TF Parsons, JG Pierce |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 1984 |
HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN IN HUMAN GASTRIC CARCINOMA
H ITO, E TAHARA |
Pathology International | 1983 |
Molecular heterogeneity of human chorionic gonadotropin and its subunits in testicular cancer
K Mann, HJ Karl |
Cancer | 1983 |
Butyrate regulates glycosylation of the glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit secreted by “glucose-starved” human liver cells
JS Morrow, BD Weintraub, SW Rosen |
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | 1983 |
Gonadotropic Hormones
M Sairam |
Gonadotropic Hormones | 1983 |
Purification of an alternate form of the alpha subunit of the glycoprotein hormones from bovine pituitaries and identification of its O-linked oligosaccharide
TF Parsons, GA Bloomfield, JG Pierce |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 1983 |
Combination of rat lutropin subunits occurs early in the secretory pathway
H Hoshina, I Boime |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 1982 |
Pure Alpha-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas
EC Ridgway, A Klibanski, PW Ladenson, D Clemmons, IZ Beitins, JW McArthur, MA Martorana, NT Zervas |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1981 |
Human chorionic gonadotropin α-subunit in pregnancy
R Benveniste, A Scommegna |
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology | 1981 |
Synthesis of the glycoprotein hormone .alpha. subunit and placental alkaline phosphatase by HeLa cells: effect of tunicamycin, 2-deoxyglucose, and sodium butyrate
GS Cox |
Biochemistry | 1981 |
Pathologie der endokrinen Organe
E Altenähr, W Bröcker, G Dhom, W Gusek, PU Heitz, G Klöppel, H Lietz, H Mitschke, W Saeger, HJ Schäfer, JJ Staub, H Steiner |
1981 | |
A single gonadotropin alpha-subunit gene in normal tissue and tumor-derived cell lines
M Boothby, RW Ruddon, C Anderson, D McWilliams, I Boime |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 1981 |
Qualitative and quantitative analyses of human chorionic gonadotropin and its subunits produced by malignant tumors
M Hattori, Y Yoshimoto, S Matsukura, T Fujita |
Cancer | 1980 |
Ectopic hormone syndromes
H Imura |
Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism | 1980 |
SERUM CONCENTRATION OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN AND ITS ALPHA AND BETA SUBUNITS. 2. TROPHOBLASTIC TUMOURS
UJ Gaspard, AM Reuter, JL Devìlle, Y Vrindts-Gevaert, KD Bagshawe, P Franchimont |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1980 |
SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN AND ITS ALPHA AND BETA SUBUNITS. 1. DURING NORMAL SINGLETON AND TWIN PREGNANCIES
AM Reuter, UJ Gaspard, JL Deville, Y Vrindts-Gevaert, P Franchimont |
Clinical Endocrinology | 1980 |
Chorionic Gonadotropin
SJ Segal |
1980 | |
Synthesis and secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin subunits by cultured human malignant cells
RW Ruddon, CA Hanson, AH Bryan, GJ Putterman, EL White, F Perini, KS Meade, PH Aldenderfer |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 1980 |
Synthesis and processing of human chorionic gonadotropin subunits in cultured choriocarcinoma cells
RW Ruddon, CA Hanson, NJ Addison |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 1979 |
Glycosylation, a variable in the production of hCG by cancers
Y Yoshimoto, AR Wolfsen, WD Odell |
The American Journal of Medicine | 1979 |
The synthesis of the glycoprotein hormone α subunit by human breast carcinomas
DH Cove, SC Smith, R Walker, A Howell |
European Journal of Cancer (1965) | 1979 |
Placental Proteins
A Klopper, T Chard |
1979 | |
Ectopic Secretion of Calcitonin
H Mulder, WH Hackeng |
Acta Medica Scandinavica | 1978 |
Precursor—product relationships in the biosynthesis and secretion of thyrotropin and its subunits by mouse thyrotropic tumor cells
BD Weintraub, BS Stannard |
FEBS Letters | 1978 |
The Year in Endocrinology 1977
SH Ingbar |
1978 | |
Clinical relevance of research on the structure of human chorionic gonadotropin
GT Ross |
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology | 1977 |
Tumour Markers: Cell Differentiation and the Biological Significance of Inappropriate Tumour Products
ML Ellison |
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine | 1977 |
HeLa cells secrete α subunit of glycoprotein tropic hormones
JM Lieblich, BD Weintraub, SW Rosen, JY Chou, JC Robinson |
Nature | 1976 |
Current Topics in Experimental Endocrinology
M Jutisz, C Tertrin-Clary |
Current Topics in Experimental Endocrinology | 1974 |