Brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) was considered to govern the formation of renal calculus of calcium phosphate origin. The degree of saturation of urine with respect to this phase was therefore calculated. This value was obtained from the ratio of the activity product of Ca++ and HPO4m (Ksp) before and after incubation of urine with brushite. The errors in the calculation of Ksp were largely eliminated by this procedure.
Charles Y. C. Pak
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Title and authors | Publication | Year |
---|---|---|
Risk Profile of Patients with Brushite Stone Disease and the Impact of Diet.
Siener R, Pitzer MS, Speller J, Hesse A |
Nutrients | 2023 |
A simple and versatile method to investigate the heterogeneous mineralization of components of urinary calculi
R Vani, E Kolanthai, EK Girija, SN Kalkura |
2021 | |
LITHORISK.COM: the novel version of a software for calculating and visualizing the risk of renal stone
M Marangella, M Petrarulo, C Vitale, P Daniele, S Sammartano |
Urolithiasis | 2020 |
Predicting the risk of kidney stone formation in the nephron by ‘reverse engineering’
MG Hill, E Königsberger, PM May |
Urolithiasis | 2019 |
Bicarbonate : de la physiologie aux applications thérapeutiques pour tout clinicien
J Beaume, A Braconnier, T Dolley-Hitze, JP Bertocchio |
Néphrologie & Thérapeutique | 2017 |
Determination of thermodynamic parameters for complexation of calcium and magnesium with chondroitin sulfate isomers using isothermal titration calorimetry: Implications for calcium kidney-stone research
AL Rodgers, GE Jackson |
Journal of Crystal Growth | 2017 |
Idiopathic hypercalciuria and formation of calcium renal stones
FL Coe, EM Worcester, AP Evan |
Nature Reviews Nephrology | 2016 |
Aggregation of Calcium Phosphate and Oxalate Phases in the Formation of Renal Stones
B Xie, TJ Halter, BM Borah, GH Nancollas |
Crystal Growth & Design | 2015 |
Cystinuria—a urologist's perspective
K Thomas, K Wong, J Withington, M Bultitude, A Doherty |
Nature Reviews Urology | 2014 |
Urinary Stones: Medical and Surgical Management
JR Asplin |
Urinary Stones: Medical and Surgical Management | 2014 |
Effect of potassium magnesium citrate and vitamin B-6 prophylaxis for recurrent and multiple calcium oxalate and phosphate urolithiasis
SV Reddy, AB Shaik, S Bokkisam |
Korean Journal of Urology | 2014 |
Thalassemia bone disease: the association between nephrolithiasis, bone mineral density and fractures
P Wong, PJ Fuller, MT Gillespie, V Kartsogiannis, BJ Strauss, D Bowden, F Milat |
Osteoporosis International | 2013 |
Urolithiasis
ME Moran |
Urolithiasis | 2013 |
Nephrolithiasis: Endocrine evaluation
S Ranabir, MP Baruah, KR Devi |
Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism | 2012 |
Tumour Lysis Syndrome: Implications for Cancer Therapy
D Mika, S Ahmad, C Guruvayoorappan |
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention | 2012 |
Defining hypercalciuria in nephrolithiasis
CY Pak, K Sakhaee, OW Moe, J Poindexter, B Adams-Huet |
Kidney International | 2011 |
Fasting versus 24-h urine pH in the evaluation of nephrolithiasis
G Capolongo, K Sakhaee, CY Pak, NM Maalouf |
Urological Research | 2011 |
Mimicking the Initial Development of Calcium Urolithiasis by Screening Calcium Oxalate and Calcium Phosphate Phases in Various Urinelike Solutions, Time Points, and pH Values at 37 °C
T Lee, YC Lin |
Crystal Growth & Design | 2011 |
Thermal stability of the ‘cave’ mineral brushite CaHPO4·2H2O – Mechanism of formation and decomposition
RL Frost, SJ Palmer |
Thermochimica Acta | 2011 |
Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry
JJ Liu, TW Lee |
Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry Volume 46 | 2011 |
Raman spectroscopy of synthetic CaHPO4·2H2O- and in comparison with the cave mineral brushite : Raman spectroscopy of synthetic CaHPO4·2H2O-
RL Frost, Y Xi, RE Pogson, GJ Millar, K Tan, SJ Palmer |
Journal of Raman Spectroscopy | 2011 |
Composition and morphology of phosphate stones and their relation with etiology
M Daudon, H Bouzidi, D Bazin |
Urological Research | 2010 |
Thiosulfate Reduces Calcium Phosphate Nephrolithiasis
JR Asplin, SE Donahue, C Lindeman, A Michalenka, KL Strutz, DA Bushinsky |
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN | 2009 |
Comparison of semi-empirical and computer derived methods for estimating urinary saturation of brushite
CY Pak, OW Moe, NM Maalouf, JE Zerwekh, JR Poindexter, B Adams-Huet |
The Journal of Urology | 2009 |
Intestinal and Renal Effects of Low-Volume Phosphate and Sulfate Cathartic Solutions Designed for Cleansing the Colon: Pathophysiological Studies in Five Normal Subjects
V Patel, M Nicar, M Emmett, J Asplin, JA Maguire, CA Ana, JS Fordtran |
The American Journal of Gastroenterology | 2009 |
Comparison of Semi-Empirical and Computer Derived Methods for Estimating Urinary Saturation of Calcium Oxalate
CY Pak, NM Maalouf, K Rodgers, JR Poindexter |
The Journal of Urology | 2009 |
New Methods of Assessing Crystal Growth and Saturation of Brushite in Whole Urine: Effect of pH, Calcium and Citrate
CY Pak, K Rodgers, JR Poindexter, K Sakhaee |
The Journal of Urology | 2008 |
Bone Disease and Idiopathic Hypercalciuria
JE Zerwekh |
Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism | 2008 |
Medical Stone Management: 35 Years of Advances
CY Pak |
The Journal of Urology | 2008 |
An Understanding of Renal Stone Development in a Mixed Oxalate−Phosphate System
X Guan, L Wang, A Dosen, R Tang, RF Giese, JL Giocondi, CA Orme, JR Hoyer, GH Nancollas |
Langmuir | 2008 |
Urinary Stone Disease
ML Stoller, MV Meng |
2007 | |
Dual roles of brushite crystals in calcium oxalate crystallization provide physicochemical mechanisms underlying renal stone formation
R Tang, GH Nancollas, JL Giocondi, JR Hoyer, CA Orme |
Kidney International | 2006 |
Identification of Human Urinary Trefoil Factor 1 as A Novel Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth Inhibitor
Somchai Chutipongtanate, Yasushi Nakagawa, Suchai Sritippayawan, Jeeraporn Pittayamateekul, Paisal Parichatikanond, Bruce R. Westley, Felicity E. B. May, Prida Malasit, Visith Thongboonkerd |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 2005 |
Biochemical and Physicochemical Presentations of Patients With Brushite Stones
CY Pak, JR Poindexter, RD Peterson, HJ Heller |
The Journal of Urology | 2004 |
Bone mineral density and urine calcium excretion among subjects with and without nephrolithiasis
JR Asplin, KA Bauer, J Kinder, G Müller, BJ Coe, JH Parks, FL Coe |
Kidney International | 2003 |
Calcium phosphate-induced renal epithelial injury and stone formation: Involvement of reactive oxygen species
K Aihara, KJ Byer, SR Khan |
Kidney International | 2003 |
Influence of Urine pH and Citrate Concentration on the Upper Limit of Metastability for Calcium Phosphate
A Greischar, Y Nakagawa, FL Coe |
The Journal of Urology | 2003 |
Predictive value of kidney stone composition in the detection of metabolic abnormalities
CY Pak, JR Poindexter, B Adams-Huet, MS Pearle |
The American Journal of Medicine | 2003 |
Acute Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient With Mixed Small Cell and Non-Small Cell Tumor
HH Sewani, JT Rabatin |
Mayo Clinic Proceedings | 2002 |
The Effect of Seed Crystals of Hydroxyapatite and Brushite on the Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate in Undiluted Human Urine In Vitro: Implications for Urinary Stone Pathogenesis
PK Grover, DS Kim, RL Ryall |
Molecular Medicine | 2002 |
Factors Influencing Additive Interactions with Calcium Hydrogenphosphate Dihydrate Crystals
M Sikirić, V Babić-Ivančić, O Milat, S Sarig, H Füredi-Milhofer |
Langmuir | 2000 |
Mild Metabolic Acidosis and Protein Metabolism in Dialysis Patients: A Reasoned Approach to Alkali Therapy
J Uribarri |
Seminars in Dialysis | 1999 |
INCORPORATION OF PATIENT PREFERENCES IN THE TREATMENT OF UPPER URINARY TRACT CALCULI: A DECISION ANALYTICAL VIEW
RL Kuo, P Aslan, PH Abrahamse, DB Matchar, GM Preminger |
The Journal of Urology | 1999 |
Ethnic and geographic diversity of stone disease
CY Pak, MI Resnick, GM Preminger |
Urology | 1997 |
Estimated levels of supersaturation with calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate in the distal tubule.
Tiselius HG |
Urological Research | 1997 |
Medullary nephrocalcinosis in nephropathic cystinosis
DS Theodoropoulos, TH Shawker, C Heinrichs, WA Gahl |
Pediatric Nephrology | 1995 |
Differences in the free Ca2+in undiluted urine from stone formers and normal subjects using a new generation of ion-selective electrodes
SE Langley, CH Fry |
British Journal of Urology | 1995 |
The Potential Role of Salt Abuse on the Risk for Kidney Stone Formation
K Sakhaee, JA Harvey, PK Padalino, P Whitson, CY Pak |
The Journal of Urology | 1993 |
Calcium phosphate: an important crystal phase in patients with recurrent calcium stone formation?
HG Tiselius, L Larsson |
Urological Research | 1993 |
Primary hyperoxaluria: Therapeutic strategies for the 90's
JI Scheinman |
Kidney International | 1991 |
Effects of Therapy in X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets
CF Verge, A Lam, JM Simpson, CT Cowell, NJ Howard, M Silink |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1991 |
Clinical Implications of Brushite Calculi
LW Klee, CG Brito, JE Lingeman |
The Journal of Urology | 1991 |
Nephrology
M Hatano |
Nephrology | 1991 |
X linked hypophosphataemia: treatment, height gain, and nephrocalcinosis
GS Reusz, PF Hoyer, M Lucas, HP Krohn, JH Ehrich, J Brodehl |
Archives of disease in childhood | 1990 |
The Role of Oxalate and Calcium Oxalate Activity and Formation Product Ratio in Patients with Renal Stones Before and During Treatment
JC Peña, MF Monforte, A Briceño |
The Journal of Urology | 1987 |
Renal Stone Disease
CY Pak |
1987 | |
Das Harnsteinleiden
W Vahlensieck |
1987 | |
Renal Stone Disease: Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment
CY Pak |
1987 | |
Crystalline composition of equine urinary calculi
T Mair, R Osborn |
Research in Veterinary Science | 1986 |
Long-Term Treatment of Calcium Nephrolithiasis with Potassium Citrate
CY Pak, C Fuller, K Sakhaee, GM Preminger, F Britton |
The Journal of Urology | 1985 |
Urolithiasis and Related Clinical Research
PO Schwille, LH Smith, WG Robertson, W Vahlensieck |
1985 | |
Urolithiasis: Etiology · Diagnosis
HJ Schneider |
1985 | |
Urine saturation with calcium salts in normal subjects and idiopathic calcium stone-formers estimated by an improved computer model system
M Marangella, PG Daniele, M Ronzani, S Sonego, F Linari |
Urological Research | 1985 |
Molecular aspects of idiopathic urolithiasis
R Nath, SK Thind, MS Murthy, HS Talwar, S Farooqui |
Molecular Aspects of Medicine | 1984 |
Pathogenese und Klinik der Harnsteine X
W Vahlensieck, G Gasser |
1984 | |
Infrared spectrometry and Raman microprobe in the analysis of urinary calculi
M Daudon, MF Protat, RJ Reveillaud, H Jaeschke-Boyer |
Kidney International | 1983 |
New methods to determine the state of saturation of urine and to discriminate between the urine of control subjects and stoneformers
AL Jacobson, PC Singhal, H Mandin, JB Hyne |
Clinical Biochemistry | 1983 |
Insuffisance rénale aiguë anurique par hyperphosphorémie au cours des leucémies aiguës lymphoblastiques
JL Dutel, P Voisin, J Brière |
La Revue de Médecine Interne | 1983 |
Assessment of Cystine Solubility in Urine and of Heterogeneous Nucleation
CY Pak, CJ Fuller |
The Journal of Urology | 1983 |
Pathogenese und Klinik der Harnsteine IX
G Gasser, W Vahlensieck |
1982 | |
Potential etiologic role of brushite in the formation of calcium (renal) stones
CY Pak |
Journal of Crystal Growth | 1981 |
Crystalluria
PG Werness, JH Bergert, LH Smith |
Journal of Crystal Growth | 1981 |
Ionized Calcium in Body Fluids
WG Robertson, RW Marshall, GN Bowers |
Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences | 1981 |
Advances in Nephrourology
M Pavone-Macaluso, PH Smith, A Vercellone, R Maiorca, U Rotolo |
1981 | |
Kidney stones
CR Kleeman, JW Coburn, AS Brickman, DB Lee, RG Narins, RM Ehrlich |
The Western journal of medicine | 1980 |
Ambulatory evaluation of nephrolithiasis
CY Pak, F Britton, R Peterson, D Ward, C Northcutt, NA Breslau, J McGuire, K Sakhaee, S Bush, M Nicar, DA Norman, P Peters |
The American Journal of Medicine | 1980 |
Brushite Encrustation and Lithiasis of the Prostatic Bed After Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
CE Magura, M Spector, R Allen, WR Turner |
The Journal of Urology | 1980 |
Idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis. 1. Differences in urine crystalloids, urine saturation with brushite and urine inhibitors of calcification between persons with and persons without recurrent kidney stone formation
G Pylypchuk, U Ehrig, DR Wilson |
Canadian Medical Association journal | 1979 |
Glycosaminoglycans as inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystal growth and aggregation
RC Bowyer, JG Brockis, RK McCulloh |
Clinica Chimica Acta | 1979 |
Urinary Calcium Excretion in Human Beings
HL Bleich, MJ Moore, J Lemann, ND Adams, RW Gray |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1979 |
Indagini Cristallografiche E Microscopiche in Funzione Dello Studio E Della Terapia Della Litiasi Uratica
R Mongiorgi, N Calanchi, P Buli, E Bercovich, C Daniele, R Caudarella |
1979 | |
Quantitation of response to therapy in calcium urolithiasis
JE Zerwekh, O Lawoyin, CY Pak |
Urological Research | 1979 |
Inhibitors and promoters of stone formation
H Fleisch |
Kidney International | 1978 |
Effect of hydrochlorothiazide on urine saturation with brushite, in vitro collagen calcification by urine, and urinary inhibitors of collagen calcification
G Pylypchuk, U Ehrig, DR Wilson |
Canadian Medical Association journal | 1978 |
Calcium phosphate carbonate transformations in renal calculi
ED Pellegrino, RM Biltz |
Calcified Tissue Research | 1978 |
Effect of oral purine load and allopurinol on the crystallization of calcium salts in urine of patients with hyperuricosuric calcium urolithiasis
CY Pak, DE Barilla, K Holt, L Brinkley, R Tolentino, JE Zerwekh |
The American Journal of Medicine | 1978 |
Calculous disease of the urinary tract
GW Drach |
Current Problems in Surgery | 1978 |
Mögliche Rolle Des Phosphats in Der Kritischen Frühphase Der Harnsteinentstehung
P Leskovar, R Hartung |
1978 | |
Calcium Urolithiasis
CY Pak |
1978 | |
Calcium Urolithiasis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management
CY Pak |
1978 | |
Mechanism for calcium urolithiasis among patients with hyperuricosuria: supersaturation of urine with respect to monosodium urate
CY Pak, O Waters, L Arnold, K Holt, C Cox, D Barilla |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1977 |
Biochemical aspects of urinary stones
GA Rose |
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine | 1977 |
Metabolic Bone Disease
OL Bijvoet |
Metabolic Bone Disease | 1977 |
Nomograms for the estimation of the saturation of urine with calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate, uric acid, sodium acid urate, ammonium acid urate and cystine
RW Marshall, WG Robertson |
Clinica Chimica Acta | 1976 |
Nucleation and growth of brushite and calcium oxalate in urine of stone-formers
CY Pak, K Holt |
Metabolism | 1976 |
Seeded Growth of Calcium Phosphates: Effect of Different Calcium Phosphate Seed Material
GH Nancollas, JS Wefel |
Journal of dental research | 1976 |
Urolithiasis Research
H Fleisch, WG Robertson, LH Smith, W Vahlensieck |
1976 | |
Effect of diphosphonate on crystallization of calcium oxalate in vitro
CY Pak, M Ohata, K Holt |
Kidney International | 1975 |
Preliminary study of the treatment of nephrolithiasis (calcium stones) with diphosphonate
M Ohata, CY Pak |
Metabolism | 1974 |
Metastable supersaturation
RT Holzbach, CY Pak |
The American Journal of Medicine | 1974 |
Successful Treatment of Recurrent Nephrolithiasis (Calcium Stones) with Cellulose Phosphate
CY Pak, CS Delea, FC Bartter |
New England Journal of Medicine | 1974 |
The effect of diphosphonate on calcium phosphate crystallization in urine in vitro
M Ohata, CY Pak |
Kidney International | 1973 |
Sodium Cellulose Phosphate: Mechanism of Action and Effect on Mineral Metabolism
CY Pak |
The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and New Drugs | 1973 |
Effects of cellulose phosphate and sodium phosphate on formation product and activity product of brushite in urine
CY Pak |
Metabolism | 1972 |
PARATHYROID HORMONE AND THYROCALCITONIN: THEIR MODE OF ACTION AND REGULATION
CY Pak |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | 1971 |
A computer program for calculating the activities of calcium and orthophosphate ions in biological fluids and related synthetic solutions
FC Smales |
Calcified Tissue Research | 1971 |
A combined qualitative and quantitative procedure for the chemical analysis of urinary calculi
A Hodgkinson |
Journal of clinical pathology | 1971 |
Spontaneous precipitation of brushite in urine: evidence that brushite is the nidus of renal stones originating as calcium phosphate
CY Pak, ED Eanes, B Ruskin |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 1971 |
Physical chemistry of calcium stone formation
A Hodgkinson, BE Nordin |
Biochemical Journal | 1971 |
A morphologic and biochemical study of nutritional nephrocalcinosis in female rats fed semipurified diets
JC Woodard |
The American Journal of Pathology | 1971 |
Effect of the oral administration of ammonium chloride, sodium phosphate, cellulose phosphate and parathyroid extract on the activity product of brushite in urine
CY Pak, JW Cox, E Powell, FC Bartter |
The American Journal of Medicine | 1971 |
Calcification of collagen by urine in vitro: dependence on the degree of saturation of urine with respect to brushite
CY Pak, B Ruskin |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1970 |