The cytoskeletal protein network in cardomyocytes. To simplify the figure, only selective cytoskeletal proteins have been shown. “?” indicates that the location of the protein is uncertain. Mutations in genes that can cause HCM, DCM, and RCM are indicated by =, #, and *, respectively. Note that mutations in both α-cardiac actin (human) and δ-sarcoglycan (hamster) can result in either HCM or DCM.