(A) EAE clinical scores for wild-type and Hca2^–/– mice (n = 10–15 per group) that were treated orally with vehicle or DMF (30 mg/kg body weight, twice per day). The transient partial remission observed in this experiment in the Hca2^–/– groups was not reproduced in other experiments and therefore is not a general feature of Hca2^–/– mice (see Supplemental Figure 1, A and B). **P < 0.01 for comparison between “WT + Vehicle” and “WT + DMF” by nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. (B–D) DMF reduced the area under the curve (AUC), the peak score, and the day of disease onset in wild-type mice but not in Hca2^–/– mice. P = 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis for AUC; P = 0.0003, Kruskal-Wallis test for peak scores; P = 0.0002, Kruskal-Wallis test for day of onset. ***P < 0.001 (Dunn’s multiple comparison test). NS, nonsignificant. (E and F) Immune cell infiltration was assessed by H&E staining of spinal cord sections on dpi 28 (n = 6–7). P = 0.0002 (2-way ANOVA for drug treatment); ***P < 0.001 (Bonferroni post-hoc test). Scale bar: 100 μm. (G and H) White matter demyelination was determined by Luxol Fast Blue staining of spinal cord sections on dpi 28 (n = 6–7). P < 0.0125 (2-way ANOVA for drug treatment); **P < 0.01 (Bonferroni post-hoc test). Scale bar: 100 μm. (E–H) Clinical scores of mice are given in Supplemental Figure 1A. Data represent mean ± SEM.