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Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis is often a consequence of immune suppression, and accumulating evidence points to a role for adaptive immunity. Hence, it may be possible to manipulate the adaptive immune system to enhance protective immunity in at-risk individuals. In this issue of the JCI, De Luca and colleagues describe the ontogeny of adaptive immune responses to murine aspergillosis infection in relation to vaccination. Their thought-provoking findings reveal the complexities of vaccine-induced immunity and could be used to improve vaccine efficacy.
Authors
George S. Deepe Jr.
Figure 2
CD4+ and CD8+ T cell recognition of
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(A ) Soluble antigens such as Pep1, when admixed with soluble antigen, enter the MHC class II pathway whether NADPH oxidase is present or not and promote the development of protective CD4+ cells. (B ) On the other hand, particulate immunogens such as conidia enter the MHC class I pathway but only activate CD8+ cells in the presence of NADPH oxidase. The lack of this oxidase, as in CGD, is associated with a failure to induce autophagy and endosomal alkalinization. This defect results in absent activation of CD8+ cells.
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ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)