Acute renal failure: definitions, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy
Robert W. Schrier, … , Brian Poole, Amit Mitra
Robert W. Schrier, … , Brian Poole, Amit Mitra
Published July 1, 2004
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2004;114(1):5-14. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI22353.
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Science in Medicine

Acute renal failure: definitions, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy

Abstract

Acute renal failure (ARF), characterized by sudden loss of the ability of the kidneys to excrete wastes, concentrate urine, conserve electrolytes, and maintain fluid balance, is a frequent clinical problem, particularly in the intensive care unit, where it is associated with a mortality of between 50% and 80%. In this review, the epidemiology and pathophysiology of ARF are discussed, including the vascular, tubular, and inflammatory perturbations. The clinical evaluation of ARF and implications for potential future therapies to decrease the high mortality are described.

Authors

Robert W. Schrier, Wei Wang, Brian Poole, Amit Mitra

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Figure 5

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Potential cytoskeletal targets of cysteine proteases during hypoxia/isch...
Potential cytoskeletal targets of cysteine proteases during hypoxia/ischemia in proximal tubules. The basolateral membrane of the proximal tubules contains the subunits of Na+/K+-ATPase, which are linked to the actin cytoskeleton by ankyrin and spectrin. This forms a metabolically stable complex. Potential cytoskeletal targets of cysteine proteases during hypoxia/ischemia are shown. Ank, ankyrin; CAM, cell adhesion molecule; 4.1, protein 4.1. Figure reproduced with permission from Taylor & Francis (36).