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ResearchIn-Press PreviewNeuroscience
Open Access | 
10.1172/JCI177429
C2230, a preferential use- and state-dependent CaV2.2 channel blocker, mitigates pain behaviors across multiple pain models
Cheng Tang,1 Kimberly Gomez,2 Yan Chen,1 Heather N. Allen,2 Sara Hestehave,3 Erick J. Rodríguez-Palma,2 Santiago Loya-Lopez,2 Aida Calderon-Rivera,2 Paz Duran,3 Tyler S. Nelson,2 Siva Rama Raju Kanumuri,4 Bijal Shah,5 Nihar R. Panigrahi,6 Samantha Perez-Miller,2 Morgan K. Schackmuth,7 Shivani Ruparel,8 Amol Patwardhan,9 Theodore J. Price,7 Paramjit S. Arora,6 Ravindra K. Sharma,10 Abhisheak Sharma,4 Jie Yu,11 Olga A. Korczeniewska,5 and Rajesh Khanna12
1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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1The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug , Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
3Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
5Center for Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders, Department of Di, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, United States of America
6Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
7Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, United States of America
8Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
9Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
10Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
11Institute of Chinese Medicine Clinical Basics, Institute of Chinese Medicin, College of of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
12Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
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Published December 10, 2024 - More info
Copyright © 2024, Tang et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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