VILI. (a) VILI scores by analysis of H&E-stained histopathologic sections from mouse lungs after 6 hours of mechanical ventilation. A cumulative score was based on leukocyte infiltration, exudative edema, hemorrhage, and alveolar wall thickness (n = 15; three random sections per lung and five lungs per group). *P < 0.02. (b) Evans blue permeability index where Evans blue was given 3 hours after the start of mechanical ventilation and mice were sacrificed at the 6-hour time point (n = 10 lungs per group). *P < 0.02.