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C L King, … , E A Ottesen, T B Nutman
Published October 1, 1993
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 1993;92(4):1667-1673. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI116752.
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 1993;92(4):1667-1673. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI116752.
Abstract
The immunological mechanisms involved in maintenance of an asymptomatic microfilaremic state (MF) in patients with lymphatic filariasis remain undefined. MF patients have impaired filarial antigen (Ag)-specific lymphocyte proliferation and decreased frequencies (Fo) of Ag-specific T cells, and yet elevated serum IgE and antifilarial IgG4. To investigate the mechanism of Ag-specific anergy in MF patients in contrast to amicrofilaremic individuals with chronic lymphatic obstruction (CP), the Fo of Ag-specific lymphocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells secreting either IL-4 or IFN-gamma were assessed by filter spot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA transcript levels were assessed by a semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique. The Fo of filaria-specific IL-4-secreting lymphocytes were equivalent in both MF (geometric mean [GM] = 1:11,700) and CP (GM = 1:29,300 P = 0.08), whereas the Fo of IFN-gamma-secreting lymphocytes were lower in MF (GM = 1:39,300) than in CP (GM = 1:4,200, P < 0.01). When the ratio of IL-4/IFN-gamma (T helper type 2 [Th2]/Th1)-secreting cells was examined, MF subjects showed a predominant Th2 response (8:1) compared with a Th1 response in CP individuals (1:4). mRNA transcript levels of IL-10 were also significantly elevated in MF compared with CP individuals (P < 0.01). Further, IL-10 and TGF-beta were shown to have a role in modulating the Ag-specific anergy among MF subjects, in that neutralizing anti-IL-10 or anti-TGF-beta significantly enhanced lymphocyte proliferation response (by 220-1,300%) to filarial Ags in MF individuals. These findings demonstrate that MF subjects respond to parasite antigen by producing a set of suppressive cytokines that may facilitate persistence of the parasite within humans while producing little clinical disease.
Authors
C L King, S Mahanty, V Kumaraswami, J S Abrams, J Regunathan, K Jayaraman, E A Ottesen, T B Nutman
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Are intestinal helminths risk factors for developing active tuberculosis?
D Elias, G Mengistu, H Akuffo, S Britton |
Tropical Medicine and International Health | 2006 |
|
Helminthes could influence the outcome of vaccines against TB in the tropics
D Elias, H Akuffo, S Britton |
Parasite Immunology | 2006 |
|
Filaria-induced monocyte dysfunction and its reversal following treatment
RT Semnani, PB Keiser, YI Coulibaly, F Keita, AA Diallo, D Traore, DA Diallo, OK Doumbo, SF Traore, J Kubofcik, AD Klion, TB Nutman |
Infection and immunity | 2006 |
|
Immunopotentiators in Modern Vaccines
MJ McCluskie, WR D. |
Immunopotentiators in Modern Vaccines | 2006 |
|
Regulatory Networks Induced by Live Parasites Impair Both Th1 and Th2 Pathways in Patent Lymphatic Filariasis: Implications for Parasite Persistence
S Babu, CP Blauvelt, V Kumaraswami, TB Nutman |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2006 |
|
F4/80 + Alternatively Activated Macrophages Control CD4 + T Cell Hyporesponsiveness at Sites Peripheral to Filarial Infection
MD Taylor, A Harris, MG Nair, RM Maizels, JE Allen |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2006 |
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PROFILING THE CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE TO MULTIPLE BRUGIA PAHANGI INFECTIONS IN A SUSCEPTIBLE HOST
SR Chirgwin, UR Rao, SU Coleman, JM Nowling, TR Klei |
Journal of Parasitology | 2005 |
|
Low dose chronicSchistosoma mansoniinfection increases susceptibility toMycobacterium bovisBCG infection in mice
D Elias, H Akuffo, C Thors, A Pawlowski, S Britton |
Clinical & Experimental Immunology | 2005 |
|
Schistosoma mansoni infection reduces the protective efficacy of BCG vaccination against virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D Elias, H Akuffo, A Pawlowski, M Haile, T Schön, S Britton |
Vaccine | 2005 |
|
Immunomodulation by filarial nematodes
A Hoerauf, J Satoguina, M Saeftel, S Specht |
Parasite Immunology | 2005 |
|
The effects of maternal helminth and malaria infections on mother-to-child HIV transmission
M Gallagher, I Malhotra, PL Mungai, AN Wamachi, JM Kioko, JH Ouma, E Muchiri, CL King |
AIDS | 2005 |
|
Transcriptional control of impaired Th1 responses in patent lymphatic filariasis by T-box expressed in T cells and suppressor of cytokine signaling genes
S Babu, V Kumaraswami, TB Nutman |
Infection and immunity | 2005 |
|
Quantitative appraisal of murine filariasis confirms host strain differences but reveals that BALB/c females are more susceptible than males to Litomosoides sigmodontis
AL Graham, MD Taylor, LL Goff, TJ Lamb, M Magennis, JE Allen |
Microbes and Infection | 2005 |
|
Hope for the Hygiene Hypothesis: When the Dirt Hits the Fan
AT Borchers, CL Keen, ME Gershwin |
Journal of Asthma | 2005 |
|
Schistosomes: the road from host–parasite interactions to vaccines in clinical trials
A Capron, G Riveau, M Capron, F Trottein |
Trends in Parasitology | 2005 |
|
Regulatory T Cells Modulate Th2 Responses Induced by Brugia pahangi Third-Stage Larvae
V Gillan, E Devaney |
Infection and immunity | 2005 |
|
Removal of Regulatory T Cell Activity Reverses Hyporesponsiveness and Leads to Filarial Parasite Clearance In Vivo
MD Taylor, L LeGoff, A Harris, E Malone, JE Allen, RM Maizels |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2005 |
|
ES-62, an Immunomodulator Secreted by Filarial Nematodes, Suppresses Clonal Expansion and Modifies Effector Function of Heterologous Antigen-Specific T Cells In Vivo
FA Marshall, AM Grierson, P Garside, W Harnett, MM Harnett |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2005 |
|
Helminth parasites - masters of regulation
RM Maizels, A Balic, N Gomez-Escobar, M Nair, MD Taylor, JE Allen |
Immunological Reviews | 2004 |
|
Chronic immune activation associated with chronic helminthic and human immunodeficiency virus infections: role of hyporesponsiveness and anergy
G Borkow, Z Bentwich |
Clinical microbiology reviews | 2004 |
|
Toward an understanding of the interaction between filarial parasites and host antigen-presenting cells
RT Semnani, TB Nutman |
Immunological Reviews | 2004 |
|
Impairment of tetanus-specific cellular and humoral responses following tetanus vaccination in human lymphatic filariasis
S Nookala, S Srinivasan, P Kaliraj, RB Narayanan, TB Nutman |
Infection and immunity | 2004 |
|
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) counterregulates IL-4-dependent effector mechanisms in Murine Filariasis
S Specht, L Volkmann, T Wynn, A Hoerauf |
Infection and immunity | 2004 |
|
Promoter haplotypes of the interleukin-10 gene influence proliferation of peripheral blood cells in response to helminth antigen
C Timmann, S Fuchs, C Thoma, B Lepping, NW Brattig, J Sievertsen, T Thye, B Müller-Myhsok, RD Horstmann |
Genes and Immunity | 2004 |
|
Helminth Infections and Allergic Diseases: From the Th2 Paradigm to Regulatory Networks
A Capron, D Dombrowicz, M Capron |
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology | 2004 |
|
CTLA-4 in Filarial Infections: Implications for a Role in Diminished T Cell Reactivity
C Steel, TB Nutman |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2003 |
|
EFFECT OF IMMUNOSTIMULATORY OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES ON HOST RESPONSES AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF BRUGIA PAHANGI IN MONGOLIAN GERBILS (MERIONES UNGUICULATUS)
SR Chirgwin, JM Nowling, SU Coleman, TR Klei |
Journal of Parasitology | 2003 |
|
Parasitic Infection and the Polarized Th2 Immune Response Can Alter a Vaccine-Induced Immune Response
TM Robinson, RG Nelson, JD Boyer |
DNA and Cell Biology | 2003 |
|
Immune Regulation by helminth parasites: cellular and molecular mechanisms
RM Maizels, M Yazdanbakhsh |
Nature Reviews Immunology | 2003 |
|
Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea: interdisciplinary research on a national health problem
JW Kazura, MJ Bockarie |
Trends in Parasitology | 2003 |
|
An enduring association? Microfilariae and immunosupression in lymphatic filariasis
RA O'Connor, JS Jenson, J Osborne, E Devaney |
Trends in Parasitology | 2003 |
|
Proinflammatory Cytokines Dominate the Early Immune Response to Filarial Parasites
S Babu, TB Nutman |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2003 |
|
Influence of Maternal Filariasis on Childhood Infection and Immunity to Wuchereria bancrofti in Kenya
I Malhotra, JH Ouma, A Wamachi, J Kioko, P Mungai, M Njzovu, JW Kazura, CL King |
Infection and immunity | 2003 |
|
Brugia malayi Microfilariae Induce Cell Death in Human Dendritic Cells, Inhibit Their Ability to Make IL-12 and IL-10, and Reduce Their Capacity to Activate CD4 + T Cells
RT Semnani, AY Liu, H Sabzevari, J Kubofcik, J Zhou, JK Gilden, TB Nutman |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2003 |
|
Interleukin-4 influences the production of microfilariae in a mouse model of Brugia infection
E Devaney, V Gillan, I Wheatley, J Jenson, R O'Connor, P Balmer |
Parasite Immunology | 2002 |
|
Infection outcome and cytokine gene expression in Brugia pahangi- infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) sensitized with Brucella abortus
SR Chirgwin, PH Elzer, SU Coleman, JM Nowling, SD Hagius, MD Edmonds, TR Klei |
Infection and immunity | 2002 |
|
Lymphatic filariasis-specific immune responses in relation to lymphoedema grade and infection status. I. Cellular responses
NO Nielsen, P Bloch, PE Simonsen |
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | 2002 |
|
IgE and Anti-IgE Therapy in Asthma and Allergic Disease: Implications for Anti-IgE-Based Therapies
P Cooper, T Nutman |
IgE and Anti-IgE Therapy in Asthma and Allergic Disease: Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutic Strategies | 2002 |
|
Resistance and susceptibility in human onchocerciasis – beyond Th1 vs Th2
A Hoerauf, N Brattig |
Trends in Parasitology | 2002 |
|
Homologues of Human Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor from a Parasitic Nematode: GENE CLONING, PROTEIN ACTIVITY, AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
X Zang, P Taylor, JM Wang, DJ Meyer, AL Scott, MD Walkinshaw, RM Maizels |
The Journal of biological chemistry | 2002 |
|
The Geohelminths: Ascaris, Trichuris and Hookworm
CV Holland, MW Kennedy |
2002 | |
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Recombinant Dirofilaria immitis Polyprotein That Stimulates Murine B Cells To Produce Nonspecific Polyclonal Immunoglobulin E Antibody
H Tezuka, S Imai, R Muto, Y Furuhashi, K Fujita |
Infection and immunity | 2002 |
|
Acquired Immune Responses to Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in the Human Fetus
CL King, I Malhotra, A Wamachi, J Kioko, P Mungai, SA Wahab, D Koech, P Zimmerman, J Ouma, JW Kazura |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2002 |
|
Transmission intensity determines lymphocyte responsiveness and cytokine bias in human lymphatic filariasis
CL King, M Connelly, MP Alpers, M Bockarie, JW Kazura |
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 2001 |
|
Regulation of the immune response in lymphatic filariasis: perspectives on acute and chronic infection with Wuchereria bancrofti in South India
TB Nutman, V Kumaraswami |
Parasite Immunology | 2001 |
|
Transmission intensity and human immune responses to lymphatic filariasis
CL King |
Parasite Immunology | 2001 |
|
Cytokine responses to mitogen and Schistosoma haematobium antigens are different in children with distinct infection histories
JT Scott, CR Turner, F Mutapi, ME Woolhouse, PD Ndhlovu, P Hagan |
Parasite Immunology | 2001 |
|
Lipocalin allergens
T Virtanen |
Allergy | 2001 |
|
Lymphatic filariasis: parallels between the immunology of infection in humans and mice
RA Lawrence, E Devaney |
Parasite Immunology | 2001 |
|
Cellular immune responses of filaria (Litomosoides sigmodontis) infected BALB/c mice detected on the level of cytokine transcription
A Taubert, H Zahner |
Parasite Immunology | 2001 |
|
HTLV-1 decreases Th2 type of immune response in patients with strongyloidiasis
AF Porto, FA Neva, H Bittencourt, W Lisboa, R Thompson, L Alcantara, EM Carvalho |
Parasite Immunology | 2001 |
|
Th2 responses without atopy: immunoregulation in chronic helminth infections and reduced allergic disease
M Yazdanbakhsh, A Biggelaar, RM Maizels |
Trends in Immunology | 2001 |
|
Lymphatic Filariasis of the Ovary and Mesosalpinx
S Sethi, K Misra, UR Singh, D Kumar |
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research | 2001 |
|
Lack of interferon-γ confers impaired neutrophil granulocyte function and imparts prolonged survival of adult filarial worms in murine filariasis
M Saeftel, L Volkmann, S Korten, N Brattig, K Al-Qaoud, B Fleischer, A Hoerauf |
Microbes and Infection | 2001 |
|
Immunity to filarial nematodes
RA Lawrence |
Veterinary Parasitology | 2001 |
|
Interleukin-10 and the interleukin-10 receptor
KW Moore, RW Malefyt, RL Coffman, A O'Garra |
Annual Review of Immunology | 2001 |
|
Immunology of Infectious Diseases
SH Kaufmann, A Sher, R Ahmed |
2001 | |
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Interleukin-4 Is Essential for the Control of Microfilariae in Murine Infection with the Filaria Litomosoides sigmodontis
SH Kaufmann, L Volkmann, M Saeftel, O Bain, K Fischer, B Fleischer, A Hoerauf |
Infection and immunity | 2001 |
|
Filarial Antigens Impair the Function of Human Dendritic Cells during Differentiation
JM Mansfield, RT Semnani, H Sabzevari, R Iyer, TB Nutman |
Infection and immunity | 2001 |
|
Lipocalins as allergens
R Mäntyjärvi |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology | 2000 |
|
Detection of Antigen-Specific Human Serum Proteins Related to the T-Cell Receptor in Infectious Disease and in an Immune Response to Milk Proteins or Chemicals
CH Little, GM Georgiou, G Fey, B Ravindran, J Levine, H Ogedegbe, H Yamase, RE Cone |
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine | 2000 |
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Decreased atopy in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium: a role for parasite-induced interleukin-10
AH van Biggelaar, R Ree, LC Rodrigues, B Lell, AM Deelder, PG Kremsner, M Yazdanbakhsh |
The Lancet | 2000 |
|
Antigen-specific cellular hyporesponsiveness in a chronic human helminth infection is mediated by Th3/Tr1-type cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β but not by a Th1 to Th2 shift
A Doetze, J Satoguina, G Burchard, T Rau, C Löliger, B Fleischer, A Hoerauf |
International Immunology | 2000 |
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Measurement of T-Cell-Derived Antigen Binding Molecules and Immunoglobulin G Specific to Candida albicans Mannan in Sera of Patients with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
JD Clements, CH Little, GM Georgiou, A Marceglia, H Ogedgebe, RE Cone, D Mazza |
Infection and immunity | 2000 |
|
Peripheral Cytokine Responses to Trichuris muris Reflect Those Occurring Locally at the Site of Infection
WA Petri, MD Taylor, CJ Betts, KJ Else |
Infection and immunity | 2000 |
|
NO Contributes to Proliferative Suppression in a Murine Model of Filariasis
WA Petri, RA O'Connor, JS Jenson, E Devaney |
Infection and immunity | 2000 |
|
Suppression of Gamma Interferon Transcription and Production by Nematode Excretory-Secretory Antigen during Polyclonal Stimulation of Rat Lymph Node T Cells
JM Mansfield, R Uchikawa, S Matsuda, N Arizono |
Infection and immunity | 2000 |
|
Allergen-induced cytokine secretion in relation to atopic symptoms and immunoglobulin E and immunoglobulin G subclass antibody responses
MC Jenmalm, B Bjorksten, C Macaubas, BJ Holt, TB Smallacombe, PG Holt |
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology | 1999 |
|
Development of immunoglobulin G subclass antibodies to ovalbumin, birch and cat during the first eight years of life in atopic and non-atopic children
MC Jenmalm, B Bjorksten |
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology | 1999 |
|
Allergy to lipocalins: a consequence of misguided T-cell recognition of self and nonself?
T Virtanen, T Zeiler, J Rautiainen, R Mäntyjärvi |
Immunology Today | 1999 |
|
T LYMPHOCYTE CYTOKINE PROFILE AT A SINGLE CELL LEVEL IN ALVEOLAR ECHINOCOCCOSIS
J Kilwinski |
Cytokine | 1999 |
|
Regulatory effects of Th1-type (IFN-gamma, IL-12) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-10, IL-13) on parasite-specific cellular responsiveness in Onchocerca volvulus-infected humans and exposed endemic controls
PT Soboslay, CG Lüder, S Riesch, SM Geiger, M Banla, E Batchassi, A Stadler, H Schulz-Key |
Immunology | 1999 |
|
Interleukin-10 and antigen-presenting cells actively suppress Th1 cells in BALB/c mice infected with the filarial parasite Brugia pahangi
J Osborne, E Devaney |
Infection and immunity | 1999 |
|
Common features of T cell reactivity in persistent helminth infections: lymphatic filariasis and schistosomiasis
M Yazdanbakhsh |
Immunology Letters | 1999 |
|
Epidemiology and immunopathology of bancroftian filariasis
AB de Almeida, DO Freedman |
Microbes and Infection | 1999 |
|
The development of granulomas in schistosomiasis: genetic backgrounds, regulatory pathways, and specific egg antigen responses that influence the magnitude of disease
MJ Stadecker |
Microbes and Infection | 1999 |
|
Antigenicity of a filarial protease from Setaria digitata in Wuchereria bancrofti infection
M Bal, MK Das |
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology | 1999 |
|
Human antibody responses to Brugia malayi antigens in brugian filariasis
S Zhang, B Li, GJ Weil |
International Journal for Parasitology | 1999 |
|
Immune Response of Cattle Infected with African Trypanosomes
KA Taylor, B Mertens |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz | 1999 |
|
Interleukin-10 and Antigen-Presenting Cells Actively Suppress Th1 Cells in BALB/c Mice Infected with the Filarial Parasite Brugia pahangi
JM Mansfield, J Osborne, E Devaney |
Infection and immunity | 1999 |
|
Resistance of filarial nematode parasites to oxidative stress
ME Selkirk, VP Smith, GR Thomas, K Gounaris |
International Journal for Parasitology | 1998 |
|
Antigen-stimulated IL-4, IL-13 and IFN-γ production by human T cells at a single-cell level
BA de Boer, YE Fillié, YC Kruize, M Yazdanbakhsh |
European Journal of Immunology | 1998 |
|
The effect of anti-IL-10 on proliferation and cytokine production in human schistosomiasis: fresh versus cryopreserved cells
JL Grogan, PG Kremsner, AM Deelder, M Yazdanbakhsh |
Parasite Immunology | 1998 |
|
Trypanosoma congolense infection of trypanotolerant N'Dama (Bos taurus) cattle is associated with decreased secretion of nitric oxide by interferon-γ-activated monocytes and increased transcription of interleukin-10
K Taylor, B Mertens, V Lutje, R Saya |
Parasite Immunology | 1998 |
|
Down regulation of macrophage activation in Brugia pahangi-infected jirds (Meriones unguiculatus)
C Nasarre, JL Krahenbuhl, TR Klei |
Infection and immunity | 1998 |
|
Diminished Production of T Helper 1 Cytokines and Lack of Induction of IL-2R+T Cells Correlate with T-Cell Unresponsiveness in Rhesus Monkeys Chronically Infected withBrugia malayi
GH Giambartolomei, BL Lasater, F Villinger, VA Dennis |
Experimental Parasitology | 1998 |
|
The Role of TGFβ in the Pathogenesis of Human Tuberculosis
Z Toossi, JJ Ellner |
Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology | 1998 |
|
Immune Dynamics in the Pathogenesis of Human Lymphatic Filariasis
DO Freedman |
Parasitology Today | 1998 |
|
Differences in the Frequency of Cytokine-Producing Cells in Antigenemic and Nonantigenemic Individuals with Bancroftian Filariasis
AB de Almeida, MC e Silva, C Braga, DO Freedman |
Infection and immunity | 1998 |
|
Filarial Nematode Parasites Secrete a Homologue of the Human Cytokine Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
JM Mansfield, DV Pastrana, N Raghavan, P FitzGerald, SW Eisinger, C Metz, R Bucala, RP Schleimer, C Bickel, AL Scott |
Infection and immunity | 1998 |
|
Setaria digitata adult 14- to 20-kDa antigens induce differential Th1/Th2 cytokine responses in the lymphocytes of endemic normals and asymptomatic microfilariae carriers in bancroftian filariasis
S K Dalai, D Das, S K Kar |
Journal of Clinical Immunology | 1998 |
|
In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults
I Malhotra, J Ouma, A Wamachi, J Kioko, P Mungai, A Omollo, L Elson, D Koech, JW Kazura, CL King |
Journal of Clinical Investigation | 1997 |
|
Modulation of cellular immune response by cytokines in bancroftian filariasis
M Ravichandran, J Regunathan, RB Narayanan, K Jayaraman, P Kaliraj |
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry | 1997 |
|
Regulation of parasite antigen-driven immune responses by interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 in lymphatic filariasis
S Mahanty, M Ravichandran, U Raman, K Jayaraman, V Kumaraswami, TB Nutman |
Infection and immunity | 1997 |
|
Cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of activated macrophages and nitric oxide donors on Brugia malayi
GR Thomas, M McCrossan, ME Selkirk |
Infection and immunity | 1997 |
|
The diverse expression of immunity in humans at distinct states of Onchocerca volvulus infection
PT Soboslay, SM Geiger, N Weiss, M Banla, CG Lüder, CM Dreweck, E Batchassi, BA Boatin, A Stadler, H Schulz-Key |
Immunology | 1997 |
|
Brugia pahangi:Differential Induction and Regulation of Jird Inflammatory Responses by Life-Cycle Stages
C Nasarre, SU Coleman, UR Rao, TR Klei |
Experimental Parasitology | 1997 |
|
Microfilarial clearance in loiasis involves elevation of Th1 and Th2 products and emergence of a specific pattern of T-cell populations
S Winkler, S Paiha, H Winkler, W Graninger, M Marberger, GE Steiner |
Parasite Immunology | 1996 |
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In Th2-biased lymphatic filarial patients, responses to purified protein derivative ofMycobacterium tuberculosis remain Th1
E Sartono, YC Kruize, A Kurniawan, RM Maizels, M Yazdanbakhsh |
European Journal of Immunology | 1996 |
|
Human basophils release interleukin-4 after stimulation withSchistosoma mansoni egg antigen
FH Falcone, CA Dahinden, BF Gibbs, T Noll, U Amon, H Hebestreit, O Abrahamsen, J Klaucke, M Schlaak, H Haas |
European Journal of Immunology | 1996 |
|
Th1-like antifilarial immune responses predominate in antigen-negative persons
KA Dimock, ML Eberhard, PJ Lammie |
Infection and immunity | 1996 |
|
Cross-modulation by transforming growth factor beta in human tuberculosis: suppression of antigen-driven blastogenesis and interferon gamma production
CS Hirsch, R Hussain, Z Toossi, G Dawood, F Shahid, JJ Ellner |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 1996 |
|
Specific T cell unresponsiveness in human filariasis: diversity in underlying mechanisms
E Sartono, YC Kruize, F Partono, A Kurniawan, RM Maizels, M Yazdanbakhsh |
Parasite Immunology | 1995 |
|
Immunoregulation in human lymphatic filariasis: the role of interleukin 10
S Mahanty, TB Nutman |
Parasite Immunology | 1995 |
|
T-cell activation and the balance of antibody isotypes in human lymphatic filariasis
RM Maizels, E Sartono, A Kurniawan, F Partono, ME Selkirk, M Yazdanbakhsh |
Parasitology Today | 1995 |
|
Acquisition and expression of humoral reactivity to antigens of infective stages of filarial larvae
JW Bailey, AW Hightower, ML Eberhard, PJ Lammie |
Parasite Immunology | 1995 |
|
Impact of microfilaremia on maintenance of a hyporesponsive cellular immune response in Brugia-infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)
SC Bosshardt, SU Coleman, CS McVay, KL Jones, TR Klei |
Infection and immunity | 1995 |
|
Differential antibody isotype reactivity to specific antigens in human lymphatic filariasis: gp15/400 preferentially induces immunoglobulin E (IgE), IgG4, and IgG2
M Yazdanbakhsh, WA Paxton, A Brandenburg, RV Ree, M Lens, F Partono, RM Maizels, ME Selkirk |
Infection and immunity | 1995 |
|
Interleukin-10
JE de Vries, R de Waal Malefyt |
1995 | |
|
Vaccine Design
MF Powell, MJ Newman |
Vaccine Design | 1995 |
|
Decreased serum levels of TGF-? in patients with acutePlasmodium falciparum malaria
C Wenisch, B Parschalk, H Burgmann, S Looareesuwan, W Graninger |
Journal of Clinical Immunology | 1995 |
|
Long-term effect of prenatal exposure to maternal microfilaraemia on immune responsiveness to filarial parasite antigens
C Steel, JS McCarthy, E Ottesen, A Guinea |
The Lancet | 1994 |
|
Purified excretory-secretory component of filarial parasite enhances Fc epsilon RII/CD23 expression on human splenic B and T cells and IgE synthesis while potentiating T-helper type 2-related cytokine generation from T cells
KA Yamaoka, JP Kolb, N Miyasaka, G Inuo, K Fujita |
Immunology | 1994 |
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