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Research Article Free access | 10.1172/JCI115402

Chylomicron-retinyl palmitate clearance in type I hyperlipidemic families.

D L Sprecher, S L Knauer, D M Black, L A Kaplan, A A Akeson, M Dusing, D Lattier, E A Stein, M Rymaszewski, and D A Wiginton

Lipid Research Clinic, General Clinical Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267.

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Published September 1, 1991 - More info

Published in Volume 88, Issue 3 on September 1, 1991
J Clin Invest. 1991;88(3):985–994. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI115402.
© 1991 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published September 1, 1991 - Version history
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Abstract

Our primary aim was to determine the extent to which intraplasmic retinyl palmitate (RP) transfers to other lipoprotein particles when chylomicron remnants are not produced and/or the plasma RP residence time is increased. The study was conducted on three familial type I hyperlipoproteinemic patients, four lipoprotein lipase (LpL)-deficient heterozygotes, and three controls on a metabolic research unit. To each subject, a fat load was administered containing 16% of total daily calories in type I patients, 40% in heterozygotes and controls, plus 60,000 U/m2 vitamin A. Triglyceride (TG) and RP levels were evaluated in chylomicron and nonchylomicron fractions. Delay in the clearance of chylomicron fraction RP and the marked deficiency in nonchylomicron-RP (presumed lack of remnant production) in all three type I patients suggests that RP does not demonstrate significant intraplasmic transfer from chylomicrons to existent apolipoprotein B100 particles. In contrast to noncoincident TG and RP peaking in the normal subject, heterozygotes were found to demonstrate coincident plasma TG and RP curves, which is consistent with a common catabolic pathway for both TG and RP and inconsistent with intraplasmic RP transfer. This corroborates reports on compromised chylomicron clearance in heterozygotes. We conclude that RP is an appropriate representative marker for intestinally derived particles in LpL-deficient or partially deficient individuals.

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