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Cloning and characterization of a second complementary DNA for human tryptase.

Published September 1, 1990
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 1990;86(3):864-870. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI114786.

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Research Article

Cloning and characterization of a second complementary DNA for human tryptase.

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Abstract

A second cDNA for human tryptase, called beta-tryptase, was cloned from a mast cell cDNA library in lambda ZAP. Its nucleotide sequence and corresponding amino acid sequence were determined and compared with those of a previously cloned tryptase cDNA, now called alpha-tryptase. The 1,142-base sequence of beta-tryptase encodes a 30-amino acid leader sequence of 3,089 D and a 245-amino acid catalytic region of 27,458 D. The amino acid sequence of beta-tryptase is 90% identical with that of alpha-tryptase, the first 20 amino acids of the catalytic portions being 100% identical. This identity, together with recognition of each recombinant protein by monoclonal antibodies directed against purified tryptase validate the tryptase identity of both alpha-tryptase and beta-tryptase cDNA molecules. Modest differences between the nucleic acid sequences of alpha- and beta-tryptase occurred throughout the cDNA molecules except in the 3' noncoding regions, which were identical. Although most highly conserved regions of amino acid sequence in the trypsin superfamily are conserved in both tryptase molecules, beta-tryptase has one carbohydrate binding site compared to two in alpha-tryptase, and one additional amino acid in the catalytic sequence. Regions of the substrate binding pocket in beta-tryptase (DSCQ, residues 218-221; SWG, residues 243-245) differ slightly from those in alpha-tryptase (DSCK, residues 217-220; SWD, residues 242-244). The presence of both alpha- and beta-tryptase sequences in each haploid genome was indicated by finding alpha- and beta-tryptase specific fragments after amplification by PCR of genomic DNA in 10 unrelated individuals. Localization of both alpha- and beta-tryptase sequences to human chromosome 16 was then performed by analysis of DNA preparations from 25 human/hamster somatic hybrids by PCR. It is now possible to assess the expression of each tryptase cDNA by mast cells and the relationship of each gene product to the active enzyme.

Authors

J S Miller, G Moxley, L B Schwartz

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Citations to this article (155)

Title and authors	Publication	Year
Genetically defined individual reference ranges for tryptase limit unnecessary procedures and unmask myeloid neoplasms. Chovanec J, Tunc I, Hughes J, Halstead J, Mateja A, Liu Y, O'Connell MP, Kim J, Park YH, Wang Q, Le Q, Pirooznia M, Trivedi NN, Bai Y, Yin Y, Hsu AP, McElwee J, Lassiter S, Nelson C, Bandoh J, DiMaggio T, Šelb J, Rijavec M, Carter MC, Komarow HD, Sabato V, Steinberg J, Hafer KM, Feuille E, Hourigan CS, Lack J, Khoury P, Maric I, Zanotti R, Bonadonna P, Schwartz LB, Milner JD, Glover SC, Ebo DG, Korošec P, Caughey GH, Brittain EH, Busby B, Metcalfe DD, Lyons JJ	Blood Advances	2023
Genetic Regulation of Tryptase Production and Clinical Impact: Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia, Mastocytosis and Beyond B Sprinzl, G Greiner, G Uyanik, M Arock, T Haferlach, WR Sperr, P Valent, G Hoermann	International journal of molecular sciences	2021
Mast cells can produce transforming growth factor β1 and promote tissue fibrosis during the development of Sjögren’s syndrome-related sialadenitis S Kaieda, K Fujimoto, K Todoroki, Y Abe, J Kusukawa, T Hoshino, H Ida	Modern Rheumatology	2021
Impact of naturally forming human α/β-tryptase heterotetramers in the pathogenesis of hereditary α-tryptasemia QT Le, JJ Lyons, AN Naranjo, A Olivera, RA Lazarus, DD Metcalfe, JD Milner, LB Schwartz	Journal of Experimental Medicine	2019
The Mast Cell: A Multifunctional Effector Cell D Ribatti		2019
Raccomandazioni sull'uso della triptasi nella diagnosi dell'anafilassi e della mastocitosi S Platzgummer, L Caponi, V Sargentini, D Visentini, I Brusca, N Bizzaro, G Pesce, M Bagnasco, G Deleonardi, B Caruso, A Antico, C Bonaguri, MP Visconti, B Milanesi, P Agostini, M Musso, D Villalta	La Rivista Italiana della Medicina di Laboratorio - Italian Journal of Laboratory Medicine	2019
Elevated basal serum tryptase identifies a multisystem disorder associated with increased TPSAB1 copy number JJ Lyons, X Yu, JD Hughes, QT Le, A Jamil, Y Bai, N Ho, M Zhao, Y Liu, MP O'Connell, NN Trivedi, C Nelson, T DiMaggio, N Jones, H Matthews, KL Lewis, AJ Oler, RJ Carlson, PD Arkwright, C Hong, S Agama, TM Wilson, S Tucker, Y Zhang, JJ McElwee, M Pao, SC Glover, ME Rothenberg, RJ Hohman, KD Stone, GH Caughey, T Heller, DD Metcalfe, LG Biesecker, LB Schwartz, JD Milner	Nature Genetics	2016
Mast cell proteases as pharmacological targets GH Caughey	European Journal of Pharmacology	2015
Mast Cells MR Hughes, KM McNagny		2014
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Mast Cells MR Hughes, KM McNagny		2014
Development of mast cells and importance of their tryptase and chymase serine proteases in inflammation and wound healing J Douaiher, J Succar, L Lancerotto, MF Gurish, DP Orgill, MJ Hamilton, SA Krilis, RL Stevens	Advances in immunology	2014
Alpha-tryptase gene variation is associated with levels of circulating IgE and lung function in asthma AM Abdelmotelb, MJ Rose-Zerilli, SJ Barton, ST Holgate, AF Walls, JW Holloway	Clinical & Experimental Allergy	2014
Mast Cell–Restricted Tetramer-Forming Tryptases and Their Beneficial Roles in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation A Prieto-García, MC Castells, PM Hansbro, RL Stevens	Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America	2014
The serum tryptase test: an emerging robust biomarker in clinical hematology P Valent, WR Sperr, K Sotlar, A Reiter, C Akin, J Gotlib, HP Horny, M Arock	Expert Review of Hematology	2014
Mast Cell Mediators: Their Differential Release and the Secretory Pathways Involved TC Moon, AD Befus, M Kulka	Frontiers in immunology	2014
The Multifaceted Mast Cell in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: MJ Hamilton, SM Frei, RL Stevens	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	2014
Dynamic mast cell-stromal cell interactions promote growth of pancreatic cancer Y Ma, RF Hwang, CD Logsdon, SE Ullrich	Cancer research	2013
Mast Cell–Restricted, Tetramer-Forming Tryptases Induce Aggrecanolysis in Articular Cartilage by Activating Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 and -13 Zymogens NJ Magarinos, KJ Bryant, AJ Fosang, R Adachi, RL Stevens, HP McNeil	Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)	2013
A short-term model of COPD identifies a role for mast cell tryptase EL Beckett, RL Stevens, AG Jarnicki, RY Kim, I Hanish, NG Hansbro, A Deane, S Keely, JC Horvat, M Yang, BG Oliver, N Rooijen, MD Inman, R Adachi, RJ Soberman, S Hamadi, PA Wark, PS Foster, PM Hansbro	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	2013
Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes FS Markland, S Swenson	Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes	2013
Human mast cells arise from a common circulating progenitor K Maaninka, J Lappalainen, PT Kovanen	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	2013
Dimerization of β-tryptase inhibitors, does it work for both basic and neutral P1 groups? G Liang, YM Choi-Sledeski, X Chen, Y Gong, EW MacMillan, J Tsay, K Sides, J Cairns, B Kulitzscher, DJ Aldous, I Morize, HW Pauls	Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters	2012
Mast cell restricted mouse and human tryptase·heparin complexes hinder thrombin-induced coagulation of plasma and the generation of fibrin by proteolytically destroying fibrinogen A Prieto-García, D Zheng, R Adachi, W Xing, WS Lane, K Chung, P Anderson, PM Hansbro, M Castells, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2012
Mast Cell Tryptase Deficiency Attenuates Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation J Zhang, J Sun, JS Lindholt, GK Sukhova, M Sinnamon, RL Stevens, R Adachi, P Libby, RW Thompson, GP Shi	Circulation research	2011
Serine protease (TPS): A diagnostic and prognostic marker in pediatric patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia SH Agwa, NS El-Kinawy, AA Shuoyb	Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics	2011
Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods JL Miller, AK Rao	Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods	2011
Involvement of mast cells in eosinophilic esophagitis JP Abonia, C Blanchard, BB Butz, HF Rainey, MH Collins, K Stringer, PE Putnam, ME Rothenberg	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	2010
Synovial fibroblasts promote the expression and granule accumulation of tryptase via interleukin-33 and its receptor ST-2 (IL1RL1) S Kaieda, K Shin, PA Nigrovic, K Seki, RT Lee, RL Stevens, DM Lee	The Journal of biological chemistry	2010
Essential role for mast cell tryptase in acute experimental colitis MJ Hamilton, MJ Sinnamon, GD Lyng, JN Glickman, X Wang, W Xing, SA Krilis, RS Blumberg, R Adachi, DM Lee, RL Stevens	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	2010
Anaphylaxis and Hypersensitivity Reactions MC Castells		2010
Mast cells contribute to autoimmune inflammatory arthritis via their tryptase/heparin complexes K Shin, PA Nigrovic, J Crish, E Boilard, HP McNeil, KS Larabee, R Adachi, MF Gurish, R Gobezie, RL Stevens, DM Lee	Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)	2009
Mast Cells and Basophils GH Caughey	Asthma and COPD	2009
Atopic Dermatitis, Second Edition E Proksch, R Fölster-Holst, JM Jensen	Atopic Dermatitis, Second Edition	2009
Human subjects are protected from mast cell tryptase deficiency despite frequent inheritance of loss-of-function mutations NN Trivedi, B Tamraz, C Chu, PY Kwok, GH Caughey	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	2009
The mouse mast cell-restricted tetramer-forming tryptases mouse mast cell protease 6 and mouse mast cell protease 7 are critical mediators in inflammatory arthritis HP McNeil, K Shin, IK Campbell, IP Wicks, R Adachi, DM Lee, RL Stevens	Arthritis & Rheumatism	2008
OCULAR MAST CELLS AND MEDIATORS AM Irani	Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America	2008
Protease?proteoglycan complexes of mouse and human mast cells and importance of their ?-tryptase?heparin complexes in inflammation and innate immunity RL Stevens, R Adachi	Immunological Reviews	2007
Active monomers of human beta-tryptase have expanded substrate specificities Y Fukuoka, LB Schwartz	International Immunopharmacology	2007
The Mast Cell-restricted Tryptase mMCP-6 Has a Critical Immunoprotective Role in Bacterial Infections SM Thakurdas, E Melicoff, L Sansores-Garcia, DC Moreira, Y Petrova, RL Stevens, R Adachi	The Journal of biological chemistry	2007
Mast Cell-restricted Tryptases: Structure and Function in Inflammation and Pathogen Defense HP McNeil, R Adachi, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2007
Mast Cell α and β Tryptases Changed Rapidly during Primate Speciation and Evolved from γ-Like Transmembrane Peptidases in Ancestral Vertebrates NN Trivedi, Q Tong, K Raman, VJ Bhagwandin, GH Caughey	Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)	2007
Biology of mast cell tryptase J Hallgren, G Pejler	FEBS Journal	2006
Biology of mast cell tryptase: An inflammatory mediator J Hallgren, G Pejler	FEBS Journal	2006
X-ray Structures of Free and Leupeptin-complexed Human αI-Tryptase Mutants: Indication for an α→β-Tryptase Transition KB Rohr, T Selwood, U Marquardt, R Huber, NM Schechter, W Bode, ME Than	Journal of Molecular Biology	2006
Diagnostic Value of Tryptase in Anaphylaxis and Mastocytosis LB Schwartz	Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America	2006
Expression and characterization of recombinant γ-tryptase J Yuan, J Beltman, E Gjerstad, MT Nguyen, J Sampang, H Chan, JW Janc, JM Clark	Protein Expression and Purification	2006
Inhibitors of mast cell tryptase beta as therapeutics for the treatment of asthma and inflammatory disorders JA Cairns	Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics	2005
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is a preferred substrate of the human epithelium serine protease tryptase epsilon/PRSS22 S Yasuda, N Morokawa, GW Wong, A Rossi, MS Madhusudhan, A Sali, YS Askew, R Adachi, GA Silverman, SA Krilis, RL Stevens	Blood	2005
Structural Requirements and Mechanism for Heparin-dependent Activation and Tetramerization of Human βI- and βII-Tryptase J Hallgren, S Lindahl, G Pejler	Journal of Molecular Biology	2005
Mastin is a gelatinolytic mast cell peptidase resembling a mini-proteasome WW Raymond, CP Sommerhoff, GH Caughey	Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics	2005
Urticaria and Angioedema S Baxi, C Dinakar	Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America	2005
Bovine tryptases. cDNA cloning, tissue specific expression and characterization of the lung isoform A Gambacurta, L Fiorucci, P Basili, F Erba, A Amoresano, F Ascoli	European Journal of Biochemistry	2003
The heterogeneity of mast cell tryptase from human lung and skin. Differences in size, charge and substrate affinity Q Peng, AR McEuen, RC Benyon, AF Walls	European Journal of Biochemistry	2003
A novel serine protease predominately expressed in macrophages C Chen, AL Darrow, JS Qi, MR D'Andrea, P Andrade-Gordon	Biochemical Journal	2003
A Novel Influenza A Virus Activating Enzyme from Porcine Lung: Purification and Characterization M Sato, S Yoshida, K Iida, T Tomozawa, H Kido, M Yamashita	Biological Chemistry	2003
Lung Biology in Health and Disease N Zamel	Lung Biology in Health and Disease: Experimental Models and Therapeutic Potential	2003
Mouse Chromosome 17A3.3 Contains 13 Genes That Encode Functional Tryptic-like Serine Proteases with Distinct Tissue and Cell Expression Patterns GW Wong, S Yasuda, N Morokawa, L Li, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2003
An Antibody Raised Against In Vitro-derived Human Mast Cells Identifies Mature Mast Cells and a Population of Cells that are Fc∊RI + , Tryptase − , and Chymase − in a Variety of Human Tissues JC Qi, L Li, Y Li, K Moore, MC Madigan, G Katsoulotos, SA Krilis	Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry	2003
Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure A Matsumori		2003
Tissue-specific expression of mast cell granule serine proteinases and their role in inflammation in the lung and gut HR Miller, AD Pemberton	Immunology	2002
Genetic deficiency of human mast cell a-tryptase D Soto, C Malmsten, JL Blount, DJ Muilenburg, GH Caughey	Clinical & Experimental Allergy	2002
Tryptase a Novel Biochemical Marker of Acute Myeloid Leukemia WR Sperr, AW Hauswirth, P Valent	Leukemia & Lymphoma	2002
The Crystal Structure of Human α1-Tryptase Reveals a Blocked Substrate-binding Region U Marquardt, F Zettl, R Huber, W Bode, CP Sommerhoff	Journal of Molecular Biology	2002
IgE and Anti-IgE Therapy in Asthma and Allergic Disease D Dombrowicz, A Capron, M Capro	IgE and Anti-IgE Therapy in Asthma and Allergic Disease: Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutic Strategies	2002
Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Human Transmembrane Tryptase (TMT)/Tryptase γ: TMT IS AN EXOCYTOSED MAST CELL PROTEASE THAT INDUCES AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS IN VIVO VIA AN INTERLEUKIN-13/INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTOR α/SIGNAL TRANSDUCER AND ACTIVATOR OF TRANSCRIPTION (STAT) 6-DEPENDENT PATHWAY GW Wong, PS Foster, S Yasuda, JC Qi, S Mahalingam, EA Mellor, G Katsoulotos, L Li, JA Boyce, SA Krilis, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2002
δ Tryptase Is Expressed in Multiple Human Tissues, and a Recombinant Form Has Proteolytic Activity HW Wang, HP McNeil, A Husain, K Liu, N Tedla, PS Thomas, M Raftery, GC King, ZY Cai, JE Hunt	Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)	2002
New Trends in Allergy V J Ring, H Behrendt		2002
Diverse Stability and Catalytic Properties of Human Tryptase α and β Isoforms are Mediated by Residue Differences at the S1 Pocket T Selwood, ZM Wang, DR McCaslin, NM Schechter	Biochemistry	2002
Glycosylation and the activation of proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) by human mast cell tryptase SJ Compton, B Renaux, SJ Wijesuriya, MD Hollenberg	British Journal of Pharmacology	2001
Clinical utility of tryptase levels in systemic mastocytosis and associated hematologic disorders LB Schwartz	Leukemia Research	2001
Characterisation of tryptase and a granzyme H-like chymase isolated from equine mastocytoma tissue AD Pemberton, AR McEuen, CL Scudamore	Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology	2001
Human mouse mast cell protease 7–like tryptase genes are pseudogenes HK Min, N Kambe, LB Schwartz	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	2001
Mast Cell Tryptase Activates Extracellular-Regulated Kinases (p44/p42) in Airway Smooth-Muscle Cells: Importance of Proteolytic Events, Time Course, and Role in Mediating Mitogenesis JK Brown, CA Jones, LA Rooney, GH Caughey	American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology	2001
Evaluation of the Substrate Specificity of Human Mast Cell Tryptase βI and Demonstration of Its Importance in Bacterial Infections of the Lung C Huang, GT de Sanctis, PJ O'Brien, JP Mizgerd, DS Friend, JM Drazen, LF Brass, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2001
Human Tryptase ε (PRSS22), a New Member of the Chromosome 16p13.3 Family of Human Serine Proteases Expressed in Airway Epithelial Cells GW Wong, S Yasuda, MS Madhusudhan, L Li, Y Yang, SA Krilis, A Šali, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2001
Tryptase 4, a New Member of the Chromosome 17 Family of Mouse Serine Proteases GW Wong, L Li, MS Madhusudhan, SA Krilis, MF Gurish, ME Rothenberg, A Šali, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2001
Expression of mast cell tryptase by myeloblasts in a group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia WR Sperr, JH Jordan, M Baghestanian, HP Kiener, P Samorapoompichit, H Semper, A Hauswirth, GH Schernthaner, A Chott, S Natter, D Kraft, R Valenta, LB Schwartz, K Geissler, K Lechner, P Valent	Blood	2001
Mast cells/basophils in the peripheral blood of allergic individuals who are HIV-1 susceptible due to their surface expression of CD4 and the chemokine receptors CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4 Y Li, L Li, R Wadley, SW Reddel, JC Qi, C Archis, A Collins, E Clark, M Cooley, S Kouts, HM Naif, M Alali, A Cunningham, GW Wong, RL Stevens, SA Krilis	Blood	2001
Detection of tryptase in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and other myeloid neoplasms P Samorapoompichit, HP Kiener, GH Schernthaner, JH Jordan, H Agis, F Wimazal, M Baghestanian, A Rezaie-Majd, WR Sperr, K Lechner, P Valent	Blood	2001
A New Method For Simultaneous Measurements Of Mast Cell Proteases In Human Vascular Tissue S Takai, M Sakaguchi, D Jin, M Miyazaki	Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology	2000
Characterization of two highly polymorphic human tryptase loci and comparison with a newly discovered monkey tryptase ortholog M Guida, M Riedy, D Lee, J Hall	Pharmacogenetics	2000
Mast cell tryptase from pig lungs triggers infection by pneumotropic Sendai and influenza A viruses. Purification and characterization Y Chen, M Shiota, M Ohuchi, T Towatari, J Tashiro, M Murakami, M Yano, B Yang, H Kido	European Journal of Biochemistry	2000
SERUM TRYPTASE AND THE LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS LB Schwartz, AM Irani	Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America	2000
Characterization of two highly polymorphic human tryptase loci and comparison with a newly discovered monkey tryptase ortholog: M Guida, M Riedy, D Lee, J Hall	Pharmacogenetics	2000
The human mast cell tryptase tetramer: a fascinating riddle solved by structure CP Sommerhoff, W Bode, G Matschiner, A Bergner, H Fritz	Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology	2000
Formation of Enzymatically Active, Homotypic, and Heterotypic Tetramers of Mouse Mast Cell Tryptases: DEPENDENCE ON A CONSERVED Trp-RICH DOMAIN ON THE SURFACE C Huang, G Morales, A Vagi, K Chanasyk, M Ferrazzi, C Burklow, WT Qiu, E Feyfant, A Šali, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	2000
Characterization of Human γ-Tryptases, Novel Members of the Chromosome 16p Mast Cell Tryptase and Prostasin Gene Families GH Caughey, WW Raymond, JL Blount, LW Hau, M Pallaoro, PJ Wolters, GM Verghese	Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)	2000
Mast-cell growth and differentiation L Li, SA Krilis	Allergy	1999
Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Mast Cell Tryptase H Chan, KC Elrod, RP Numerof, S Sideris, JM Clark	Protein Expression and Purification	1999
Characterization of Genes Encoding Known and Novel Human Mast Cell Tryptases on Chromosome 16p13.3 M Pallaoro, MS Fejzo, L Shayesteh, JL Blount, GH Caughey	The Journal of biological chemistry	1999
Human Tryptases α and β/II Are Functionally Distinct Due, in Part, to a Single Amino Acid Difference in One of the Surface Loops That Forms the Substrate-binding Cleft C Huang, L Li, SA Krilis, K Chanasyk, Y Tang, Z Li, JE Hunt, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	1999
Identification of a New Member of the Tryptase Family of Mouse and Human Mast Cell Proteases Which Possesses a Novel COOH-terminal Hydrophobic Extension GW Wong, Y Tang, E Feyfant, A Šali, L Li, Y Li, C Huang, DS Friend, SA Krilis, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	1999
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Asthma AP Sampson, MK Church		1999
A comparative study of the tryptase release test and the cellular allergen stimulation test (CAST) in mite sensitive patients Rossi, Monasterolo, Operti	Clinical & Experimental Allergy	1998
Asthma and Allergic Diseases WJ Metzger, JA Nyce	Asthma and Allergic Diseases	1998
Spontaneous Inactivation of Human Tryptase Involves Conformational Changes Consistent with Conversion of the Active Site to a Zymogen-like Structure T Selwood, DR McCaslin, NM Schechter	Biochemistry	1998
Regulation and function of mast cell proteases in inflammation C Huang, A Sali, R L Stevens	Journal of Clinical Immunology	1998
Tryptase inhibitors: a novel class of anti-inflammatory drugs RP Numerof, PJ Simpson, R Tanaka	Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs	1997
Markers of Mast Cell Degranulation AD Hogan, LB Schwartz	Methods	1997
Mast cell tryptase and asthma MQ Zhang, H Timmerman	Mediators of Inflammation	1997
The Tryptase, Mouse Mast Cell Protease 7, Exhibits Anticoagulant Activity in Vivo and in Vitro Due to Its Ability to Degrade Fibrinogen in the Presence of the Diverse Array of Protease Inhibitors in Plasma C Huang, GW Wong, N Ghildyal, MF Gurish, A Sali, R Matsumoto, WT Qiu, RL Stevens	The Journal of biological chemistry	1997
The Three-dimensional Structure of Recombinant Leech-derived Tryptase Inhibitor in Complex with Trypsin: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN MAST CELL TRYPTASE AND ITS INHIBITION MT Stubbs, R Morenweiser, J Stürzebecher, M Bauer, W Bode, R Huber, GP Piechottka, G Matschiner, CP Sommerhoff, H Fritz, EA Auerswald	The Journal of biological chemistry	1997
Mitogenic Responses Mediated Through the Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 Are Induced by Expressed Forms of Mast Cell α- or β-Tryptases H Mirza, VA Schmidt, CK Derian, J Jesty, WF Bahou	Blood	1997
Naturally Processed Tissue- and Differentiation Stage-Specific Autologous Peptides Bound by HLA Class I and II Molecules of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Blasts KP Papadopoulos, N Suciu-Foca, CS Hesdorffer, S Tugulea, A Maffei, PE Harris	Blood	1997
A novel heparin-dependent processing pathway for human tryptase. Autocatalysis followed by activation with dipeptidyl peptidase I K Sakai, S Ren, LB Schwartz	Journal of Clinical Investigation	1996
Fate of two mast cell tryptases in V3 mastocytosis and normal BALB/c mice undergoing passive systemic anaphylaxis: prolonged retention of exocytosed mMCP-6 in connective tissues, and rapid accumulation of enzymatically active mMCP-7 in the blood N Ghildyal, DS Friend, RL Stevens, KF Austen, C Huang, JF Penrose, A Sali, MF Gurish	Journal of Experimental Medicine	1996
Stem cell factor-dependent human cord blood derived mast cells express alpha- and beta-tryptase, heparin and chondroitin sulphate G Nilsson, T Blom, I Harvima, M Kusche-Gullberg, K Nilsson, L Hellman	Immunology	1996
Stem cell factor-dependent human cord blood derived mast cells express α- and β-tryptase, heparin and chondroitin sulphate G Nilsson, T Blom, I Harvima, M Kusche-Gullberg, K Nilsson, L Hellman	Immunology	1996
Natural Disruption of the Mouse Mast Cell Protease 7 Gene in the C57BL/6 Mouse JE Hunt, RL Stevens, KF Austen, J Zhang, Z Xia, N Ghildyal	The Journal of biological chemistry	1996
The alpha form of human tryptase is the predominant type present in blood at baseline in normal subjects and is elevated in those with systemic mastocytosis LB Schwartz, K Sakai, TR Bradford, S Ren, B Zweiman, AS Worobec, DD Metcalfe	Journal of Clinical Investigation	1995
Mast Cells: Accessory Cells Which Potentiate Fibrosis BL Gruber	International Reviews of Immunology	1995
Human mast cell tryptase isoforms: separation and examination of substrate-specificity differences SS Little, DA Johnson	Biochemical Journal	1995
Cloning of the cDNA encoding mast cell tryptase of Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, and its preferential expression in the intestinal mucosa Y Murakumo, H Ide, H Itoh, M Tomita, T Kobayashi, H Maruyama, Y Horii, Y Nawa	Biochemical Journal	1995
Evidence for multiple interacting binding sites in bovine tryptase L Fiorucci, F Erba, M Coletta, F Ascoli	FEBS Letters	1995
Conditioned Media from a Cell Strain Derived from a Patient with Mastocytosis Induces Preferential Development of Cells That Possess High Affinity IgE Receptors and the Granule Protease Phenotype of Mature Cutaneous Mast Cells L Li, JJ Macpherson, S Adelstein, CL Bunn, K Atkinson, K Phadke, SA Krilis	The Journal of biological chemistry	1995
Purification and Characterization of Dog Mast Cell Protease-3, an Oligomeric Relative of Tryptases WW Raymond, EK Tam, JL Blount, GH Caughey	The Journal of biological chemistry	1995
Phenotypic Characterization of the Human Mast-Cell Line HMC-1 G Nilsson, T Blom, M Kusche-Gullberg, L Kjellen, JH Butterfield, C Sundstrom, K Nilsson, L Hellman	Scandinavian Journal of Immunology	1994
Development of a new, more sensitive immunoassay for human tryptase: Use in systemic anaphylaxis LB Schwartz, TR Bradford, C Rouse, AM Irani, G Rasp, JK Zwan, PW Linden	Journal of Clinical Immunology	1994
Mast cells: function and contents LB Schwartz	Current Opinion in Immunology	1994
A Kazal-Type Inhibitor of Human Mast Cell Tryptase: Isolation from the Medical LeechHirudo medicinalis, Characterization, and Sequence Analysis CP Sommerhoff, C Söllner, R Mentele, GP Piechottka, EA Auerswald, H Fritz	Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler	1994
A Kazal-Type Inhibitor of Human Mast Cell Tryptase: Isolation from the Medical Leech Hirudo medicinalis , Characterization, and Sequence Analysis CP Sommerhoff, C Söllner, R Mentele, GP Piechottka, EA Auerswald, H Fritz	Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler	1994
Gene targeting and generation of mutant mice for studies of cell-extracellular matrix interactions KL Philpott, JL Viney, G Kay, S Rastan, EM Gardiner, S Chae, AC Hayday, MJ Owen	Methods in enzymology	1994
The immunohistochemical demonstration of chymase and tryptase in human intestinal mast cells F Aldenborg, L Enerbck	The Histochemical Journal	1994
Location of the mouse mast cell protease 7 gene (Mcpt7) to Chromosome 17 MF Gurish, KR Johnson, MJ Webster, RL Stevens, JH Nadeau	Mammalian Genome	1994
Processing of procarboxypeptidase A and other zymogens in murine mast cells MM Dikov, EB Springman, S Yeola, WE Serafin	The Journal of biological chemistry	1994
Characterization of a Tryptase mRNA Expressed in the Human Basophil Cell Line KU812 T Blom, L Hellman	Scandinavian Journal of Immunology	1993
Expression of a Mast Cell Tryptase in the Human Monocytic Cell Lines U-937 and Mono Mac 6 R Huang, M Abrink, AE Gobl, G Nilsson, M Aveskogh, LG Larsson, K Nilsson, L Hellman	Scandinavian Journal of Immunology	1993
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Biochemical properties of aeroallergens: contributory factors in allergic sensitization? GA Stewart, PJ Thompson, AS McWilliam	Pediatric Allergy and Immunology	1993
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Cloning and characterization of a second complementary DNA for human tryptase.

Cloning and characterization of a second complementary DNA for human tryptase.

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