Usage Information
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 1990;85(6):1746-1753. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI114631.
Abstract
This study reports on the potent cytocidal and interleukin-1 releasing properties of Escherichia coli hemolysin (ECH) on human monocytes. Nanomolar concentrations of purified ECH (250-2,000 ng/ml) caused rapid and irreversible depletion of cellular ATP to levels below 20% of controls within 60 min. Subcytocidal doses (10-200 ng/ml) of ECH induced rapid release within 60-120 min of large amounts of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) from cultured monocytes. IL-1 beta release occurred in the presence of actinomycin D and cycloheximide, and was thus probably due to processing and export of intracellular IL-1 beta precursor. Incubation of toxin-producing E. coli at ratios of only 0.3-3 colony-forming units per monocyte evoked approximately 50% depletion of total cellular ATP within 90 min. Toxin producers also stimulated synthesis and release of large amounts of interleukin 1, but not of tumor necrosis factor within the same time span. In contrast, non-toxin producers caused neither cell death nor rapid interleukin 1 release. Stimulation of rapid interleukin 1 release coupled with potent cytocidal effects on cells of monocytic origin may represent pathogenetically significant events incurred by bacterial strains that produce ECH and related cytolysins.
Authors
S Bhakdi, M Muhly, S Korom, G Schmidt
Usage data is cumulative from February 2024 through February 2025.
| Usage | JCI | PMC |
|---|---|---|
| Text version | 137 | 8 |
| 44 | 26 | |
| Scanned page | 222 | 18 |
| Citation downloads | 43 | 0 |
| Totals | 446 | 52 |
| Total Views | 498 | |
Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.
Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.
Copyright © 2025 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)