Dose-response relationships between glucose and insulin secretory rate (ISR) after overnight fast in control subjects (CON; filled circles), normoglycemic subjects with family history of non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (FDR, first-degree relative; open squares), subjects with nondiagnostic oral glucose tolerance test (NDX; filled triangles), subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; open diamonds), and subjects with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM; open triangles). BMI, body mass index. Reprinted with permission (21).