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Citations to this article

Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ ligands inhibit development of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor–deficient mice
Andrew C. Li, … , Wulf Palinski, Christopher K. Glass
Andrew C. Li, … , Wulf Palinski, Christopher K. Glass
Published August 15, 2000
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2000;106(4):523-531. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI10370.
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Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ ligands inhibit development of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor–deficient mice

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Abstract

The peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor that regulates fat-cell development and glucose homeostasis and is the molecular target of a class of insulin-sensitizing agents used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. PPARγ is highly expressed in macrophage foam cells of atherosclerotic lesions and has been demonstrated in cultured macrophages to both positively and negatively regulate genes implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. We report here that the PPARγ-specific agonists rosiglitazone and GW7845 strongly inhibited the development of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor–deficient male mice, despite increased expression of the CD36 scavenger receptor in the arterial wall. The antiatherogenic effect in male mice was correlated with improved insulin sensitivity and decreased tissue expression of TNF-α and gelatinase B, indicating both systemic and local actions of PPARγ. These findings suggest that PPARγ agonists may exert antiatherogenic effects in diabetic patients and provide impetus for efforts to develop PPARγ ligands that separate proatherogenic activities from antidiabetic and antiatherogenic activities.

Authors

Andrew C. Li, Kathleen K. Brown, Mercedes J. Silvestre, Timothy M. Willson, Wulf Palinski, Christopher K. Glass

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Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Autophagy of Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages via Induction of Cathepsin L
DF Mahmood, I Jguirim-Souissi, EH Khadija, N Blondeau, V Diderot, S Amrani, MN Slimane, T Syrovets, T Simmet, M Rouis
The Journal of biological chemistry 2011
PPARs are a unique set of fatty acid regulated transcription factors controlling both lipid metabolism and inflammation
T Varga, Z Czimmerer, L Nagy
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease 2011
VLDL Hydrolysis by Hepatic Lipase Regulates PPARδ Transcriptional Responses
JD Brown, E Oligino, DJ Rader, A Saghatelian, J Plutzky, BC Ko
PloS one 2011
Is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) a therapeutic target for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension?
DE Green, RL Sutliff, CM Hart
Pulmonary circulation 2011
Overexpression of Dominant Negative Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ (PPARγ) in Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells Causes Inflammation and T-Cell Suppression in the Lung
L Wu, G Wang, P Qu, C Yan, H Du
The American Journal of Pathology 2011
Pioglitazone modulates vascular inflammation in atherosclerotic rabbits noninvasive assessment with FDG-PET-CT and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging.
Vucic E, Dickson SD, Calcagno C, Rudd JH, Moshier E, Hayashi K, Mounessa JS, Roytman M, Moon MJ, Lin J, Tsimikas S, Fisher EA, Nicolay K, Fuster V, Fayad ZA
JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging 2011
Diet-induced metabolic hamster model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Bhathena J, Kulamarva A, Martoni C, Urbanska AM, Malhotra M, Paul A, Prakash S
Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy 2011
Correlation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) and Retinoid X Receptor-alpha (RXR-alpha) expression with clinical risk factors in patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis.
Giaginis C, Klonaris C, Katsargyris A, Kouraklis G, Spiliopoulou C, Theocharis S
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research 2011
PPARγ activation redirects macrophage cholesterol from fecal excretion to adipose tissue uptake in mice via SR-BI.
Toh SA, Millar JS, Billheimer J, Fuki I, Naik SU, Macphee C, Walker M, Rader DJ
Biochemical Pharmacology 2011
Control of macrophage activation and function by PPARs
A Chawla
Circulation research 2010
A Macrophage Sterol-Responsive Network Linked to Atherogenesis
L Becker, SA Gharib, AD Irwin, E Wijsman, T Vaisar, JF Oram, JW Heinecke
Cell Metabolism 2010
Pioglitazone-Induced Reductions in Atherosclerosis Occur via Smooth Muscle Cell–Specific Interaction With PPARγ
V Subramanian, J Golledge, T Ijaz, D Bruemmer, A Daugherty
Circulation research 2010
Thiazolidinediones Up-regulate Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor via a Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ-Independent Pathway*
Y Higashi, K Holder, P Delafontaine
The Journal of biological chemistry 2010
Activation of PPARγ by pioglitazone does not attenuate left ventricular hypertrophy following aortic banding in rats
CS Weiss, M Hagenmüller, M Pichler, S Münz, M Ochs, SJ Buss, R Bekeredjian, HA Katus, SE Hardt
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 2010
Lack of Association Between Adiponectin Levels and Atherosclerosis in Mice
AR Nawrocki, SM Hofmann, D Teupser, JE Basford, JL Durand, LA Jelicks, CW Woo, G Kuriakose, SM Factor, HB Tanowitz, DY Hui, I Tabas, PE Scherer
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2010
Coronary heart disease: Significance of liver X receptor α genomics
VP Dave, D Kaul
World journal of cardiology 2010
ApoE-/- PGC-1α-/- mice display reduced IL-18 levels and do not develop enhanced atherosclerosis
S Stein, C Lohmann, C Handschin, E Stenfeldt, J Borén, TF Lüscher, CM Matter
PloS one 2010
Aiming drug discovery at lysophosphatidic acid targets
G Tigyi
British Journal of Pharmacology 2010
A microarray analysis of sexual dimorphism of adipose tissues in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice
KL Grove, SK Fried, AS Greenberg, XQ Xiao, DJ Clegg
International Journal of Obesity 2010
NR4A orphan nuclear receptors: transcriptional regulators of gene expression in metabolism and vascular biology.
Zhao Y, Bruemmer D
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2010
Phospholipase D2-dependent inhibition of the nuclear hormone receptor PPARgamma by cyclic phosphatidic acid.
Tsukahara T, Tsukahara R, Fujiwara Y, Yue J, Cheng Y, Guo H, Bolen A, Zhang C, Balazs L, Re F, Du G, Frohman MA, Baker DL, Parrill AL, Uchiyama A, Kobayashi T, Murakami-Murofushi K, Tigyi G
Molecular Cell 2010
Pioglitazone suppresses inflammation in vivo in murine carotid atherosclerosis: novel detection by dual-target fluorescence molecular imaging.
Chang K, Francis SA, Aikawa E, Figueiredo JL, Kohler RH, McCarthy JR, Weissleder R, Plutzky J, Jaffer FA
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2010
Adiponectin: an indispensable molecule in rosiglitazone cardioprotection following myocardial infarction
L Tao, Y Wang, E Gao, H Zhang, Y Yuan, WB Lau, L Chan, WJ Koch, XL Ma
Circulation research 2009
TR4 nuclear receptor functions as a fatty acid sensor to modulate CD36 expression and foam cell formation
S Xie, YF Lee, E Kim, LM Chen, J Ni, LY Fang, S Liu, SJ Lin, JI Abe, B Berk, FM Ho, C Chang
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2009
Dietary cholesterol plays a role in CD36-mediated atherogenesis in LDLR-knockout mice
DJ Kennedy, SD Kuchibhotla, E Guy, YM Park, G Nimako, DF Vanegas, RE Morton, M Febbraio
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2009
Pulmonary surfactant: an immunological perspective
ZC Chroneos, Z Sever-Chroneos, VL Shepherd
Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 2009
PPARs and the Cardiovascular System
M Hamblin, L Chang, Y Fan, J Zhang, YE Chen
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling 2009
Synergistic effects of telmisartan and simvastatin on endothelial progenitor cells
M Steinmetz, C Brouwers, G Nickenig, S Wassmann
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 2009
Inactivation of the Adenosine A 2A Receptor Protects Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice From Atherosclerosis
H Wang, W Zhang, C Zhu, C Bucher, BR Blazar, C Zhang, JF Chen, J Linden, C Wu, Y Huo
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2009
Obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis
VZ Rocha, P Libby
Nature Reviews Cardiology 2009
Dominant-Negative Loss of PPARγ Function Enhances Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Vascular Remodeling
D Meredith, M Panchatcharam, S Miriyala, YS Tsai, AJ Morris, N Maeda, GA Stouffer, SS Smyth
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2009
Disruption of endothelial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma reduces vascular nitric oxide production
JM Kleinhenz, DJ Kleinhenz, S You, JD Ritzenthaler, JM Hansen, DR Archer, RL Sutliff, CM Hart
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2009
Pleiotropic vasoprotective effects of statins: The chicken or the egg?
Kirmizis D, Chatzidimitriou D
Drug design, development and therapy 2009
Genome-wide mRNA expression analysis of hepatic adaptation to high-fat diets reveals switch from an inflammatory to steatotic transcriptional program
M Radonjic, JR de Haan, MJ van Erk, KW van Dijk, SA van Berg, PJ de Groot, M Müller, B Ommen
PloS one 2009
Atherosclerosis in LDLR-knockout mice is inhibited, but not reversed, by the PPARgamma ligand pioglitazone
H Nakaya, BD Summers, AC Nicholson, AM Gotto, DP Hajjar, J Han
The American Journal of Pathology 2009
Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism
Y Macotela, J Boucher, TT Tran, CR Kahn
2009
A concerted kinase interplay identifies PPARgamma as a molecular target of ghrelin signaling in macrophages.
Demers A, Caron V, Rodrigue-Way A, Wahli W, Ong H, Tremblay A
PloS one 2009
Tobacco smoke affects expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in monocyte/macrophages of patients with coronary heart disease.
Amoruso A, Gunella G, Rondano E, Bardelli C, Fresu LG, Ferrero V, Ribichini F, Vassanelli C, Brunelleschi S
British Journal of Pharmacology 2009
1,25(OH)2 vitamin d inhibits foam cell formation and suppresses macrophage cholesterol uptake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Oh J, Weng S, Felton SK, Bhandare S, Riek A, Butler B, Proctor BM, Petty M, Chen Z, Schechtman KB, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Bernal-Mizrachi C
Circulation 2009
PPARdelta regulates multiple proinflammatory pathways to suppress atherosclerosis
GD Barish, AR Atkins, M Downes, P Olson, LW Chong, M Nelson, Y Zou, H Hwang, H Kang, L Curtiss, RM Evans, CH Lee
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2008
Rosiglitazone but not losartan prevents Nrf-2 dependent CD36 gene expression up-regulation in an in vivo atherosclerosis model
Y Hernandez-Trujillo, F Rodriguez-Esparragon, A Macias-Reyes, A Caballero-Hidalgo, JC Rodriguez-Perez
Cardiovascular Diabetology 2008
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the modulation of the immune/inflammatory response in atherosclerosis
AZ Fernandez
PPAR Research 2008
Nuclear Receptors and Inflammatory Diseases
K Wang, YJ Wan
Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 2008
Obesity-Related Upregulation of Monocyte Chemotactic Factors in Adipocytes: Involvement of Nuclear Factor- B and c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Pathways
P Jiao, Q Chen, S Shah, J Du, B Tao, I Tzameli, W Yan, H Xu
2008
PPAR-γ in the Cardiovascular System
SZ Duan, CY Ivashchenko, MG Usher, RM Mortensen
PPAR Research 2008
Interference with PPAR gamma function in smooth muscle causes vascular dysfunction and hypertension
CM Halabi, AM Beyer, WJ de Lange, HL Keen, GL Baumbach, FM Faraci, CD Sigmund
Cell Metabolism 2008
Effects of rosiglitazone on contralateral iliac artery after vascular injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
OR Neto, DB Precoma, A Alessi, C Prim, RF da Silva, L de Noronha, LA Baroncini
Thrombosis Journal 2008
Toll-like receptor 4 mediates cross-talk between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and nuclear factor-kappaB in macrophages
BM Necela, W Su, EA Thompson
Immunology 2008
The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Agonist Pioglitazone Represses Inflammation in a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α–Dependent Manner In Vitro and In Vivo in Mice
G Orasanu, O Ziouzenkova, PR Devchand, V Nehra, O Hamdy, ES Horton, J Plutzky
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2008
Adipose inflammation: cause or consequence of obesity-related insulin resistance
Jiao P, Xu H
Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy 2008
Pioglitazone opposes neurogenic vascular dysfunction associated with chronic hyperinsulinaemia
S Takatori, Y Zamami, N Yabumae, N Hanafusa, M Mio, T Egawa, H Kawasaki
British Journal of Pharmacology 2008
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α in mice induces expression of the hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor
Z Huang, X Zhou, AC Nicholson, AM Gotto, DP Hajjar, J Han
British Journal of Pharmacology 2008
The peroxisome: still a mysterious organelle
M Schrader, HD Fahimi
Histochemistry and Cell Biology 2008
Sex specific gene regulation and expression QTLs in mouse macrophages from a strain intercross
JM Bhasin, E Chakrabarti, DQ Peng, A Kulkarni, X Chen, JD Smith
PloS one 2008
Adiponectin Reduces Lipid Accumulation in Macrophage Foam Cells
Tian L, Luo N, Klein RL, Chung BH, Garvey WT, Fu Y
Atherosclerosis 2008
The Role of PPARgamma in pulmonary vascular disease.
Hart CM
Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research 2008
The Role of PPARγ in Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Hart CM
Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research 2008
Macrophage PPARgamma is Required for Normal Skeletal Muscle and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity and Full Anti-diabetic Effects of TZDs
Andrea L. Hevener, Jerrold Olefsky, Donna Reichart, MT Audrey Nguyen, Gautam Bandyopadyhay, Ho-Yin Leung, Matthew J. Watt, Chris Benner, Mark A. Febbraio, Anh-Khoi Nguyen, Brian Folian, Shankar Subramaniam, Frank J. Gonzalez, Christopher K. Glass, and Mercedes Ricote
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2007
CD36: implications in cardiovascular disease
M Febbraio, RL Silverstein
The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 2007
Oxidative stress and transcriptional regulation in Alzheimer disease
Q Shi, GE Gibson
Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders 2007
Tesaglitazar, a dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma agonist, reduces atherosclerosis in female low density lipoprotein receptor deficient mice
EC Chira, TS McMillen, S Wang, AH 3rd, KD O'Brien, TN Wight, A Chait
Atherosclerosis 2007
PPARα Deficiency in Inflammatory Cells Suppresses Tumor Growth
A Kaipainen, MW Kieran, S Huang, C Butterfield, D Bielenberg, G Mostoslavsky, R Mulligan, J Folkman, D Panigrahy, M Blagosklonny
PloS one 2007
Genetic manipulations of PPARs: effects on obesity and metabolic disease
Y Barak, S Kim
PPAR Research 2007
PPARs and molecular mechanisms of transrepression
M Ricote, CK Glass
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2007
LRP1 functions as an atheroprotective integrator of TGFbeta and PDFG signals in the vascular wall: implications for Marfan syndrome
P Boucher, WP Li, RL Matz, Y Takayama, J Auwerx, RG Anderson, J Herz
PloS one 2007
The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Pulmonary Vascular Disease
RE Nisbet, RL Sutliff, CM Hart
PPAR Research 2007
Transcriptional Control of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma: Therapeutic Implications for Cardiovascular Diseases
F Gizard, D Bruemmer
PPAR Research 2007
The PPAR-Platelet Connection: Modulators of Inflammation and Potential Cardiovascular Effects
SL Spinelli, JJ O'Brien, S Bancos, GM Lehmann, DL Springer, N Blumberg, CW Francis, MB Taubman, RP Phipps
PPAR Research 2007
Rosiglitazone Inhibits Acyl-CoA Synthetase Activity and Fatty Acid Partitioning to Diacylglycerol and Triacylglycerol via a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- -Independent Mechanism in Human Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells and Macrophages
B Askari, JE Kanter, AM Sherrid, DL Golej, AT Bender, J Liu, WA Hsueh, JA Beavo, RA Coleman, KE Bornfeldt
2007
PPARalpha agonists inhibit nitric oxide production by enhancing iNOS degradation in LPS-treated macrophages
EL Paukkeri, T Leppänen, O Sareila, K Vuolteenaho, H Kankaanranta, E Moilanen
British Journal of Pharmacology 2007
Parallel SUMOylation-dependent pathways mediate gene- and signal-specific transrepression by LXRs and PPARγ
Ghisletti S, Huang W, Ogawa S, Pascual G, Lin ME, Willson TM, Rosenfeld MG, Glass CK
Molecular Cell 2007
Effects of rosiglitazone on native low-density-lipoprotein-induced respiratory burst in circulating monocytes and on the leukocyte-endothelial interaction in cholesterol-fed rats.
Lu LS, Hung LM, Liao CH, Wu CC, Su MJ
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 2007
Will the potential of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor agonists be realized in the clinical setting?
Blaschke F, Bruemmer D, Law RE
Clinical Cardiology 2007
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs repress beta-secretase gene promoter activity by the activation of PPARgamma
M Sastre, I Dewachter, S Rossner, N Bogdanovic, E Rosen, P Borghgraef, BO Evert, L Dumitrescu-Ozimek, DR Thal, G Landreth, J Walter, T Klockgether, F Leuven, MT Heneka
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2006
Complex Inheritance of the 5-Lipoxygenase Locus Influencing Atherosclerosis in Mice
A Ghazalpour, X Wang, AJ Lusis, M Mehrabian
Genetics 2006
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor regulates dendritic cell content of atherosclerotic lesions
Z Shaposhnik, X Wang, M Weinstein, BJ Bennett, AJ Lusis
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2006
Insulin resistance and atherosclerosis
CF Semenkovich
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2006
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α selective ligand reduces adiposity, improves insulin sensitivity and inhibits atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice
RA Srivastava, R Jahagirdar, S Azhar, S Sharma, CL Bisgaier
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2006
Metabolic syndrome: the danger signal in atherosclerosis.
Mathieu P, Pibarot P, Després JP
Vascular Health and Risk Management 2006
The vascular biology of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: Modulation of atherosclerosis
Verma S, Szmitko PE
The Canadian journal of cardiology 2006
Liver X receptor and retinoid X receptor agonists inhibit inflammatory responses of microglia and astrocytes
CX Zhang-Gandhi, PD Drew
Journal of Neuroimmunology 2006
Are Thiazolidinediones Good or Bad for the Heart?
Taylor AM, McNamara CA
Current Diabetes Reports 2006
Nuclear Receptors and Autoimmune Disease: The Potential of PPAR Agonists to Treat Multiple Sclerosis,
Racke MK, Gocke AR, Muir M, Diab A, Drew PD, Lovett-Racke AE
The Journal of nutrition 2006
PPAR gamma Regulates Adipocyte Cholesterol Metabolism Via Oxidized LDL Receptor 1
Patricia C. Chui Hong-Ping Guan Michael Lehrke Mitchell A. Lazar
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2005
The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxyΔ12,14-prostaglandin J2 attenuates the development of zymosan-induced shock
S Marzocco, RD Paola, E Mazzon, T Genovese, D Britti, A Pinto, G Autore, S Cuzzocrea
Intensive Care Medicine 2005
Expression and regulation of sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) in human macrophages: a role for RXR and PPARγ ligands
CM QUINN, W JESSUP, J WONG, L KRITHARIDES, AJ BROWN
Biochemical Journal 2005
mRNA expression of genes involved in lipid efflux and matrix degradation in occlusive and ectatic atherosclerotic disease
S Soumian, R Gibbs, A Davies, C Albrecht
Journal of clinical pathology 2005
Netoglitazone is a PPAR-gamma ligand with selective effects on bone and fat
OP Lazarenko, SO Rzonca, LJ Suva, B Lecka-Czernik
Bone 2005
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma is highly expressed in normal human pituitary gland.
Bogazzi F, Russo D, Locci MT, Chifenti B, Ultimieri F, Raggi F, Viacava P, Cecchetti D, Cosci C, Sardella C, Acerbi G, Gasperi M, Martino E
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 2005
Facilitated replacement of Kupffer cells expressing a paraoxonase-1 transgene is essential for ameliorating atherosclerosis in mice
G Bradshaw, A Gutierrez, JH Miyake, KR Davis, AC Li, CK Glass, LK Curtiss, RA Davis
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2005
The fatty acid-binding protein, aP2, coordinates macrophage cholesterol trafficking and inflammatory activity. Macrophage expression of aP2 impacts peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and IkappaB kinase activities
L Makowski, KC Brittingham, JM Reynolds, J Suttles, GS Hotamisligil
The Journal of biological chemistry 2005
A sumoylation-dependent pathway mediating transrepression of inflammatory response genes by PPARγ
Pascual G, Fong AL, Ogawa S, Gamliel A, Li AC, Perissi V, Rose DW, Willson T, Rosenfeld MG, Glass CK
Nature 2005
Increased CD36 Protein as a Response to Defective Insulin Signaling in Macrophages
Chien-Ping Liang, Seongah Han, Haruka Okamoto, Ronald Carnemolla, Ira Tabas, Domenico Accili, Alan R. Tall
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2004
IL-5 links adaptive and natural immunity specific for epitopes of Oxidized LDL and protects from atherosclerosis
Christoph J. Binder, Karsten Hartvigsen, Mi-Kyung Chang, Marina Miller, David Broide, Wulf Palinski, Linda K. Curtiss, Maripat Corr, Joseph L. Witztum
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2004
Differential inhibition of macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis in mice by PPARα, β/δ, and γ
Andrew C. Li, Christoph J. Binder, Alejandra Guiterrez, Kathleen K. Brown, Christine R. Plotkin, Jennifer W. Pattison, Annabel Valledor, Roger A. Davis, Timothy M. Willson, Joseph L. Witztum, Wulf Palinski, and Christopher K. Glass
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2004
Selective disruption of PPARgamma 2 impairs the development of adipose tissue and insulin sensitivity
J Zhang, M Fu, T Cui, C Xiong, K Xu, W Zhong, Y Xiao, D Floyd, J Liang, E Li, Q Song, YE Chen
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2004
Lipaemia, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis: Novel Opportunities in the Understanding and Treatment of Atherosclerosis
AJ van Oostrom, JP van Wijk, MC Cabezas
Drugs 2004
Bone Is a Target for the Antidiabetic Compound Rosiglitazone
SO Rzonca, LJ Suva, D Gaddy, DC Montague, B Lecka-Czernik
Endocrinology 2004
PPARs in atherosclerosis: the clot thickens
A Castrillo, P Tontonoz
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2004
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ: too much of a good thing causes harm
TA Cock, SM Houten, J Auwerx
EMBO reports 2004
Serum adiponectin as a biomarker for in vivo PPARgamma activation and PPARgamma agonist-induced efficacy on insulin sensitization/lipid lowering in rats
B Yang, KK Brown, L Chen, KM Carrick, LG Clifton, JA McNulty, DA Winegar, JC Strum, SA Stimpson, GL Pahel
BMC pharmacology 2004
Fatty acid binding proteins--the evolutionary crossroads of inflammatory and metabolic responses.
Makowski L, Hotamisligil GS
The Journal of nutrition 2004
Thiazolidinediones reduce the LDL binding affinity of non-human primate vascular cell proteoglycans
LR Tannock, PJ Little, C Tsoi, PH Barrett, TN Wight, A Chait
Diabetologia 2004
Statins and micronutrients: unanswered questions
McKee M, Moat SJ, McDowell I
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2004
The Hinge-Helix 1 Region of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ1 (PPARγ1) Mediates Interaction with Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 and PPARγ1 Transcriptional Activation: Involvement in Flow-Induced PPARγ Activation in Endothelial Cells
Akaike M, Che W, Marmarosh NL, Ohta S, Osawa M, Ding B, Berk BC, Yan C, Abe JI
Molecular and cellular biology 2004
Statins and micronutrients: unanswered questions.
McKee M, Moat SJ, McDowell I
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2004
PPAR-gamma Receptor ligands: Novel Therapy for Pituitary Adenomas
Anthony P. Heaney, Manory Fernando, Shlomo Melmed
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2003
Chronic Inflammation in Fat Plays a Crucial Role in the Development of Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance
Haiyan Xu, Glenn T. Barnes, Qing Yang , Guo Tan, Daseng Yang, Jason Chou, Jason Sole, Jeffrey S. Ross, Andrew Nichols, Louis A. Tartaglia, Hong Chen
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2003
PPARgamma and PPARdelta negatively regulate specific subsets of lipopolysaccharide and IFN-gamma target genes in macrophages
JS Welch, M Ricote, TE Akiyama, FJ Gonzalez, CK Glass
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2003
Early stimulation and late inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) gene expression by transforming growth factor beta in human aortic smooth muscle cells: role of early growth-response factor-1 (Egr-1), activator protein 1 (AP1) and Smads
M Fu, J Zhang, Y Lin, X Zhu, L Zhao, M Ahmad, MU Ehrengruber, YE Chen
Biochemical Journal 2003
PPAR-alpha and -gamma but not -delta agonists inhibit airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma: in vitro evidence for an NF-kappaB-independent effect
A Trifilieff, A Bench, M Hanley, D Bayley, E Campbell, P Whittaker
British Journal of Pharmacology 2003
Advances in understanding the regulation of apoptosis and mitosis by peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors in pre-clinical models: relevance for human health and disease
E Boitier, JC Gautier, R Roberts
Comparative hepatology 2003
PPARγ ligand‐induced apoptosis through a p53‐dependent mechanism in human gastric cancer cells
Nagamine M, Okumura T, Tanno S, Sawamukai M, Motomura W, Takahashi N, Kongo Y
Cancer Science 2003
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor gamma (PPARgamma) independent induction of CD36 in THP-1 monocytes by retinoic acid
S Han, N Sidell
Immunology 2002
Metabolic and Additional Vascular Effects of Thiazolidinediones:
FM Martens, FL Visseren, J Lemay, EJ de Koning, TJ Rabelink
Drugs 2002
Insulin resistance, diabetes, and atherosclerosis: Thiazolidinediones as therapeutic interventions
A Raji, J Plutzky
Current Cardiology Reports 2002
Orphan nuclear receptors find a home in the arterial wall
BA Laffitte, P Tontonoz
Current Atherosclerosis Reports 2002
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
O Ziouzenkova, S Perrey, N Marx, D Bacqueville, J Plutzky
Current Atherosclerosis Reports 2002
Genetic analysis of four novel peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma splice variants in monkey macrophages
J Zhou, KM Wilson, JD Medh
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2002
Synthetic LXR ligand inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in mice
SB Joseph, E McKilligin, L Pei, MA Watson, AR Collins, BA Laffitte, M Chen, G Noh, J Goodman, GN Hagger, J Tran, TK Tippin, X Wang, AJ Lusis, WA Hsueh, RE Law, JL Collins, TM Willson, P Tontonoz
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2002
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and atherosclerosis
N Marx
Current Hypertension Reports 2002
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α,γ coagonist LY465608 inhibits macrophage activation and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice
SH Zuckerman, RF Kauffman, GF Evans
Lipids 2002
PPAR Activators as Antiinflammatory Mediators in Human T Lymphocytes: Implications for Atherosclerosis and Transplantation-Associated Arteriosclerosis
N Marx, B Kehrle, K Kohlhammer, M Grüb, W Koenig, V Hombach, P Libby, J Plutzky
Circulation research 2002
Antiinflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of Statins
O Shovman, Y Levy, B Gilburd, Y Shoenfeld
Immunologic Research 2002
Identification of macrophage liver X receptors as inhibitors of atherosclerosis
Tangirala RK, Bischoff ED, Joseph SB, Wagner BL, Walczak R, Laffitte BA, Daige CL, Thomas D, Heyman RA, Mangelsdorf DJ, Wang X, Lusis AJ, Tontonoz P, Schulman IG
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2002
Nuclear factor-kappaB: pivotal mediator or innocent bystander in atherogenesis
Tucker Collins, Myron I. Cybulsky
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2001
CD36: A class B scavenger receptor involved in angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and lipid metabolism
Maria Febbraio, David Hajjar, Roy Silverstein
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2001
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha deficiency reduces insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in apoE null mice
Karen Tordjman, Carlos Bernal-Mizrachi, Laura Zemany, Sherry Weng, Chu Feng, Fengjuan Zhang, Teresa C. Leone, Trey Coleman, Daniel P. Kelly, Clay F. Semenkovich
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2001
Therapeutic modulation of cellular cholesterol efflux.
Wang N, Tall AR
Current Atherosclerosis Reports 2001
Reduction of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by activation of the retinoid X receptor
T Claudel, MD Leibowitz, C Fiévet, A Tailleux, B Wagner, JJ Repa, G Torpier, JM Lobaccaro, JR Paterniti, DJ Mangelsdorf, RA Heyman, J Auwerx
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2001
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ: a potential therapeutic target in the management of ischaemic heart disease
Sidhu J, Kaski J
Heart (British Cardiac Society) 2001
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists prevent 25-OH-cholesterol induced c-jun activation and cell death
Chang JY, Liu LZ
BMC pharmacology 2001
PPARgamma ligands and atherosclerosis: Ending the headache
Evan D. Rosen, Bruce M. Spiegelman
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2000

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