Inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in response to DSS is altered in Rag2^–/–-immunodeficient mice compared with WT mice and is largely uninhibited by anti-α₁ mAb treatment. Levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-10 mRNA expression were measured in colons from Rag2^–/– mice exposed for 7 days to DSS and treated with either isotype control mAb or anti-α₁ mAb. For quantitation and to allow comparison with Figure 5, cytokine values are expressed as fold increase over the mean values obtained for healthy control colon tissue from WT mice. *P < 0.05, anti-α₁ mAb vs. isotype mAb; ^#P < 0.05 vs. Rag2^–/– + H₂O. Data represent mean ± SEM. ctrl, control.