The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is documented from national cancer registries, 1, 2 with limited information on specific subtypes, and the crude prevalence is known for some countries. 3, 4 However, the characteristics of the prevalent population are unknown. We therefore used Swedish registries to identify and characterize Swedish citizens surviving on 1 January 2014 after an AML diagnosis made during 1997− 2013 (n= 1337). They constituted 20% of a total of 6581 AML patients in the Swedish AML and NOPHO (Nordic Society of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology) Registries. The median age of survivors was 51 years at diagnosis and they were aged 59 years in 2014. The overall prevalence was 13.7 per 100000. Seventeen percent had had acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) or core binding factor (CBF) leukemia, and 441 (33%) had undergone allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Most long-term survivors had normal karyotype, but some had genetic abnormalities, including highrisk features. Long-term survivors are heterogeneous, including older people and those with intermediate/high-risk genetics, and most did not have alloSCT.

The Swedish AML registry has collected extensive data from almost all (98%) adult AML cases in Swedish citizens diagnosed since 1997, 2, 5, 6 and survival follow-up is updated daily and complete. In this report, patients with pediatric AML diagnosed in 1997− 2013 were added from the complete Swedish part of the NOPHO database. This thus permits a comprehensive analysis of the current prevalent population following a diagnosis of AML since 1997. Data including updated survival were extracted in April 2015, and we chose to analyze the prevalence on 1 January 2014, to ensure adequate reporting. Genetic results, including molecular data (FLT3-ITD, NPM1 mutation), were prospectively reported from 2007, whereas karyotype, but no molecular data, was retrospectively retrieved from patients diagnosed in 1997− 2006, as previously reported. 6 CEBPA mutations were only reported since 2012, and were therefore not analyzed. Standard descriptive statistical analysis using Statistica 12 software (Tulsa, OK) was performed.