Here we show that interruption of the VCAM-1/VLA-4 axis with a small molecule inhibitor of VLA-4, BIO5192, results in a 30-fold increase in mobilization of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitors (HSPCs) over basal levels. An additive affect on HSPC mobilization (3-fold) was observed when plerixafor (AMD3100), a small molecule inhibitor of the CXCR-4/SDF-1 axis, was combined with BIO5192. Furthermore, the combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), BIO5192, and plerixafor enhanced mobilization by 17-fold compared with G-CSF alone. HSPCs mobilized by BIO5192 or the combination of BIO5192 and plerixafor mobilized long-term repopulating cells, which successfully engraft and expand in a multilineage fashion in secondary transplantation recipients. Splenectomy resulted in a dramatic enhancement of G-CSF–induced mobilization while decreasing both plerixafor- and BIO5192-induced mobilization of HSPCs. These data provide evidence for the utility of small molecule inhibitors of VLA-4 either alone or in combination with G-CSF or AMD3100 for mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.