[HTML][HTML] Lipin proteins and glycerolipid metabolism: Roles at the ER membrane and beyond

P Zhang, K Reue - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes, 2017 - Elsevier
P Zhang, K Reue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes, 2017Elsevier
The regulation of glycerolipid biosynthesis is critical for homeostasis of cellular lipid stores
and membranes. Here we review the role of lipin phosphatidic acid phosphatase enzymes
in glycerolipid synthesis. Lipin proteins are unique among glycerolipid biosynthetic enzymes
in their ability to transit among cellular membranes, rather than remain membrane tethered.
We focus on the mechanisms that underlie lipin protein interactions with membranes and the
versatile roles of lipins in several organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum …
Abstract
The regulation of glycerolipid biosynthesis is critical for homeostasis of cellular lipid stores and membranes. Here we review the role of lipin phosphatidic acid phosphatase enzymes in glycerolipid synthesis. Lipin proteins are unique among glycerolipid biosynthetic enzymes in their ability to transit among cellular membranes, rather than remain membrane tethered. We focus on the mechanisms that underlie lipin protein interactions with membranes and the versatile roles of lipins in several organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, endolysosomes, lipid droplets, and nucleus. We also review the corresponding physiological roles of lipins, which have been uncovered by the study of genetic lipin deficiencies. We propose that the growing body of knowledge concerning the biochemical and cellular activities of lipin proteins will be valuable for understanding the physiological functions of lipin proteins in health and disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá.
Elsevier