Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a defect in insulin action. The hyperinsulinemic-
euglycemic clamp, or insulin clamp, is widely considered the" gold standard" method for
assessing insulin action in vivo. During an insulin clamp, hyperinsulinemia is achieved by a
constant insulin infusion. Euglycemia is maintained via a concomitant glucose infusion at a
variable rate. This variable glucose infusion rate (GIR) is determined by measuring blood
glucose at brief intervals throughout the experiment and adjusting the GIR accordingly. The …