Chronic exposure to elevated levels of glucose and fatty acids leads to dysfunction of
pancreatic β-cells by mechanisms that are only partly understood. The transcription factor
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is an important regulator of genes
involved in fatty acid metabolism and has been shown to protect against lipid-induced β-cell
dysfunction. We and others have previously shown that expression of the PPARα gene in β-
cells is rapidly repressed by glucose. Here we show that the PPARα gene is transcribed …