Inflammation mediated by antibody-antigen complexes contributes to autoimmune diseases. Mice deficient in the common Fcγ-chain are protected from IgG-mediated glomerulonephritis and the reverse passive Arthus (RPA) reaction and FcR-bearing macrophages, and mast cells have been assigned primary roles in these processes. Here we demonstrate that neutrophil-selective transgenic expression of the two uniquely human neutrophil Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs), FcγRIIA and FcγRIIIB, in Fcγ-chain-deficient mice restored susceptibility to progressive glomerulonephritis and the cutaneous RPA reaction. FcγRIIIB and FcγRIIA mediated neutrophil accumulation, whereas FcγRIIA alone promoted organ injury. In a model of soluble immune complexes deposited within the vasculature, FcγRIIIB was responsible for neutrophil slow rolling and adhesion whereas in the cremaster RPA, induced by both vascular and tissue soluble immune complexes, FcγRIIA predominated. Thus, human FcγRs on neutrophils serve as molecular links between antibody and immunological disease, with FcγRIIA promoting tissue injury and FcγRIIIB and FcγRIIA displaying specialized context-dependent functions in neutrophil recruitment.