Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an intracellular pathogen able to survive and multiply within macrophages. Several mechanisms allow this bacterium to escape macrophage microbicidal activity. Mtb may interfere with the ability of mouse macrophages to produce antibactericidal nitric oxide, by inducing the expression of arginase 1 (Arg1). It remains unclear whether this pathway has a role in humans infected with Mtb. In this study, we investigated the expression of Arg1 in granulomas of human lung tissues from patients with tuberculosis. We show that Arg1 is expressed not only in granuloma-associated macrophages, but also in type II pneumocytes.