Recognized more than a decade ago, NKT cells differentiate from mainstream thymic
precursors through instructive signals emanating during TCR engagement by CD1d-
expressing cortical thymocytes. Their semi-invariant αβ TCRs recognize
isoglobotrihexosylceramide, a mammalian glycosphingolipid, as well as microbial α-
glycuronylceramides found in the cell wall of Gram-negative, lipopolysaccharide-negative
bacteria. This dual recognition of self and microbial ligands underlies innate-like …