Toll-like receptors

K Takeda, T Kaisho, S Akira - Annual review of immunology, 2003 - annualreviews.org
The innate immune system in drosophila and mammals senses the invasion of
microorganisms using the family of Toll receptors, stimulation of which initiates a range of
host defense mechanisms. In drosophila antimicrobial responses rely on two signaling
pathways: the Toll pathway and the IMD pathway. In mammals there are at least 10
members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family that recognize specific components
conserved among microorganisms. Activation of the TLRs leads not only to the induction of …