TNFα induces expression of transcription factors c-fos, Egr-1, and Ets-1 in vascular lesions through extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2

S Goetze, U Kintscher, K Kaneshiro, WP Meehan… - Atherosclerosis, 2001 - Elsevier
Migration, proliferation and differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and
macrophages are important pathological responses that contribute to the development and
progression of vascular lesions. Cytokines such as TNFα are present at sites of vascular
injury and regulate a variety of cellular functions of inflammatory cells and VSMC. Cell
migration, proliferation and differentiation require de novo gene transcription resulting from
extracellular signals being transduced to the nucleus, where multiple genes are regulated to …