Wall shear stress (blood viscosity× wall shear rate), imposed by the flowing blood, and blood
pressure are the main mechanical forces acting on a blood vessel wall. Accurate
measurement of wall shear stress is important when investigating the development of
vascular disease, since both high and low wall shear stresses have been cited as factors
leading to vessel wall anomalies. Furthermore, in vitro studies have shown that endothelial
cells, which play a key role in the function of the underlying arterial wall, undergo a variety of …