[PDF][PDF] A positive feedback loop between mesenchymal-like cancer cells and macrophages is essential to breast cancer metastasis

S Su, Q Liu, J Chen, J Chen, F Chen, C He, D Huang… - Cancer cell, 2014 - cell.com
S Su, Q Liu, J Chen, J Chen, F Chen, C He, D Huang, W Wu, L Lin, W Huang, J Zhang, X Cui…
Cancer cell, 2014cell.com
The close vicinity of cancer cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and
tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) at the invasive front of tumors suggests that these
two cell type may mutually interact. We show that mesenchymal-like breast cancer cells
activate macrophages to a TAM-like phenotype by GM-CSF. Reciprocally, CCL18 from
TAMs induces cancer cell EMT, forming a positive feedback loop, in coculture systems and
humanized mice. Inhibition of GM-CSF or CCL18 breaks this loop and reduces cancer …
Summary
The close vicinity of cancer cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) at the invasive front of tumors suggests that these two cell type may mutually interact. We show that mesenchymal-like breast cancer cells activate macrophages to a TAM-like phenotype by GM-CSF. Reciprocally, CCL18 from TAMs induces cancer cell EMT, forming a positive feedback loop, in coculture systems and humanized mice. Inhibition of GM-CSF or CCL18 breaks this loop and reduces cancer metastasis. High GM-CSF expression in breast cancer samples is associated with more CCL18+ macrophages, cancer cell EMT, enhanced metastasis, and reduced patient survival. These findings suggest that a positive feedback loop between GM-CSF and CCL18 is important in breast cancer metastasis.
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