A wide variety of nanomaterials are currently being developed for use in the detection and
treatment of human diseases. However, there is no systematic way to measure and predict
the action of such materials in biological contexts. Lipid-encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs)
are a class of nanomaterials that includes the liposomes, the most widely used and clinically
proven type of NPs. Liposomes can, however, activate the complement system, an important
branch of innate immunity, resulting in undesirable consequences. Here, we describe the …