[PDF][PDF] Human effector and memory CD8+ T cell responses to smallpox and yellow fever vaccines

JD Miller, RG van der Most, RS Akondy, JT Glidewell… - Immunity, 2008 - cell.com
JD Miller, RG van der Most, RS Akondy, JT Glidewell, S Albott, D Masopust
Immunity, 2008cell.com
To explore the human T cell response to acute viral infection, we performed a longitudinal
analysis of CD8+ T cells responding to the live yellow fever virus and smallpox vaccines—
two highly successful human vaccines. Our results show that both vaccines generated a
brisk primary effector CD8+ T cell response of substantial magnitude that could be readily
quantitated with a simple set of four phenotypic markers. Secondly, the vaccine-induced T
cell response was highly specific with minimal bystander effects. Thirdly, virus-specific CD8+ …
Summary
To explore the human T cell response to acute viral infection, we performed a longitudinal analysis of CD8+ T cells responding to the live yellow fever virus and smallpox vaccines—two highly successful human vaccines. Our results show that both vaccines generated a brisk primary effector CD8+ T cell response of substantial magnitude that could be readily quantitated with a simple set of four phenotypic markers. Secondly, the vaccine-induced T cell response was highly specific with minimal bystander effects. Thirdly, virus-specific CD8+ T cells passed through an obligate effector phase, contracted more than 90% and gradually differentiated into long-lived memory cells. Finally, these memory cells were highly functional and underwent a memory differentiation program distinct from that described for human CD8+ T cells specific for persistent viruses. These results provide a benchmark for CD8+ T cell responses induced by two of the most effective vaccines ever developed.
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