Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy or congenital hyperinsulinism of the
neonate is a rare condition that may cause severe neurologic damage if the disease is
unrecognized or inadequately treated. Current treatment aims to restore normal blood
glucose levels by providing a carbohydrate-enriched diet and drugs that inhibit insulin
secretion. If medical treatment fails, then surgery is required. Because congenital
hyperinsulinism may be caused either by diffuse involvement of pancreatic β-cells or by a …