High levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide/pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide receptor mRNA expression in primary and tumor lymphoid cells

JA Waschek, DT Bravo, ML Richards - Regulatory peptides, 1995 - Elsevier
Neuropeptides exert a variety of putative immunomodulatory actions. Despite the molecular
cloning of multiple forms of receptors for several neuropeptides with putative
immunomodulatory effects, including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), the related peptide
pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), the opiate peptides, tachykinins,
somatostatin and corticotropin-releasing factor, it has not been reported that any of the
receptor genes are expressed at significant levels in cells of the immune system. The low …