The nephrotic syndrome is defined as the pentad of nephrotic range proteinuria,
hypoalbuminemia, edema, hypercholesterolemia, and lipiduria. In adults older than age 30,
the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome include focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
(FSGS), diabetic nephropathy, membranous glomerulopathy (MGN), minimal change
disease (MCD), paraproteinemia-related disease, lupus nephritis, and
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. A renal biopsy typically is needed to differentiate …