Sex-related survival differences in murine cardiomyopathy are associated with differences in TNF-receptor expression
J. Clin. Invest. Toshiaki Kadokami, et al. 106:589 doi:10.1172/JCI9307 [Go to this article.]

Figure 3
Cytokine expression in the myocardium. (a–e) Representative images (a) and quantitative results of RNase protection assays for TNF-α (b), IL-1β (c), MCP-1 (d), and TGF-β1 (e). Quantitative results are reported as the ratio of the pixel intensity of each protected probe normalized to that of the GAPDH probe included in each template set as an internal control, as described in Methods. Although TNF1.6 mice expressed significant amounts of TNF-α and other cytokines, the transcript levels of TNF-α and other downstream cytokines were not significantly different between male and female mice. Y-axis values correspond to the signal intensity of the hybridized probe in pixels normalized to that of GAPDH. (f–h) Results of ELISA for TNF-α (f), IL-1β (g), and MCP-1 (h) showed significantly elevated levels in TNF1.6 versus wild-type mice, but no difference between sexes of the same genotype. Values are mean ± SD (n = 6). TG, TNF1.6 mice; WT, wild-type mice; M, male; F, female. ^AP < 0.001 vs. WT of the same sex.